Staphylococcus intermedius

{{Short description|Species of bacterium}}

{{Speciesbox

| image =

| genus = Staphylococcus

| species = intermedius

| authority = Hájek 1976 [https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/staphylococcus Page Staphylococcus on lpsn.dsmz.de]

| synonyms = Staphylococcus aureus var. canis Meyer 1966
Staphylococcus aureus biovar E Hájek and Marsálek 1971

}}

Staphylococcus intermedius is a Gram-positive, catalase positive member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of clustered cocci. Strains of this species were originally isolated from the anterior nares of pigeons, dogs, cats, mink, and horses. Many of the isolated strains show coagulase activity.{{cite journal|last=Hájek|first=V.|title=Staphylococcus intermedius, a New Species Isolated from Animals|journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology|date=1 October 1976|volume=26|issue=4|pages=401–408|doi=10.1099/00207713-26-4-401|doi-access=free}} Clinical tests for detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus may produce false positives by detecting S. intermedius, as this species shares some phenotypic traits with methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains.{{cite journal|last=Pottumarthy|first=S|author2=Schapiro, JM |author3=Prentice, JL |author4=Houze, YB |author5=Swanzy, SR |author6=Fang, FC |author7= Cookson, BT |title=Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus intermedius masquerading as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.|journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology|date=December 2004|volume=42|issue=12|pages=5881–4|doi=10.1128/JCM.42.12.5881-5884.2004|pmid=15583331 |pmc=535261}} It has been theorized that S. intermedius has previously been misidentified as S. aureus in human dog bite wound infections,{{Cite journal|last1=Talan|first1=D. A.|last2=Goldstein|first2=E. J.|last3=Staatz|first3=D.|last4=Overturf|first4=G. D.|date=April 1989|title=Staphylococcus intermedius: clinical presentation of a new human dog bite pathogen|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2705672/|journal=Annals of Emergency Medicine|volume=18|issue=4|pages=410–413|doi=10.1016/s0196-0644(89)80582-7|issn=0196-0644|pmid=2705672}} which is why molecular technologies such as MALDI-TOF and PCR are preferred in modern veterinary clinical microbiology laboratories for their more accurate identifications over biochemical tests.{{Cite journal|last1=Decristophoris|first1=Paola|last2=Fasola|first2=Amy|last3=Benagli|first3=Cinzia|last4=Tonolla|first4=Mauro|last5=Petrini|first5=Orlando|date=2011-02-01|title=Identification of Staphylococcus intermedius Group by MALDI-TOF MS|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0723202010001670|journal=Systematic and Applied Microbiology|series=Special Issue - Applications of MALDI-TOF MS for the Identification and Typing of Microorganisms|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=45–51|doi=10.1016/j.syapm.2010.11.004|pmid=21300509 |issn=0723-2020|url-access=subscription}}{{Cite journal|last1=Sasaki|first1=Takashi|last2=Tsubakishita|first2=Sae|last3=Tanaka|first3=Yoshikazu|last4=Sakusabe|first4=Arihito|last5=Ohtsuka|first5=Masayuki|last6=Hirotaki|first6=Shintaro|last7=Kawakami|first7=Tetsuji|last8=Fukata|first8=Tsuneo|last9=Hiramatsu|first9=Keiichi|date=2010-03-01|title=Multiplex-PCR Method for Species Identification of Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci|journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology|language=en|volume=48|issue=3|pages=765–769| pmc=2832457 | doi=10.1128/JCM.01232-09|issn=0095-1137|pmid=20053855|doi-access=free}} S. intermedius is largely phenotypically indiscriminate from Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus delphini, and therefore the three organisms are considered to be included in the more general 'Staphylococcus intermedius group'.{{Cite journal|last1=Chanchaithong|first1=Pattrarat|last2=Prapasarakul|first2=Nuvee|date=2011-08-01|title=Biochemical markers and protein pattern analysis for canine coagulase-positive staphylococci and their distribution on dog skin|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167701211001679|journal=Journal of Microbiological Methods|language=en|volume=86|issue=2|pages=175–181|doi=10.1016/j.mimet.2011.04.019|pmid=21586304 |issn=0167-7012|url-access=subscription}}