Steadfast Defender 2024#Quadriga 2024
{{Short description|NATO exercise}}
{{Infobox event
|title=Steadfast Defender 2024
|image= Steadfast Defender 2024 Logo.jpg
|image_size=275
|caption=
|date={{start and end dates|2024|01|22|2024|05|31|df=y}}
|location=Europe
|organizers=
|participants=All NATO's members
}}
Steadfast Defender 2024 or Steadfast Defender 24 (abbreviated as STDE24 or SD24) was a 2024 NATO Steadfast Defender exercise that took place from 22 January to 31 May 2024 throughout the Trans-Atlantic region. It practiced elements of the multilateral military response specified by Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which provides for a mutual defensive military response by all NATO member states in the event of another power's armed aggression toward any NATO member state. The exercise is part of the series of Steadfast Defender maneuvers. It is the largest NATO maneuver since the end of the Cold War.{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-19 |date=2024-01-19 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/nato-kick-off-biggest-drills-decades-with-some-90000-troops-2024-01-18/ |website=reuters.com |title=NATO to hold biggest drills since Cold War with 90,000 troops}}{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-19 |author=John Vandiver |date=2024-01-18 |language=en |title=NATO to stage largest military exercise in Europe since Cold War {{!}} Stars and Stripes|url=https://www.stripes.com/theaters/europe/2024-01-18/eucom-nato-russia-war-12716615.html|website=stripes.com}}{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-15 |author=T.Wiegold |date=2024-01-18 |publisher=T.Wiegold |title=Überraschung, NATO-Großübung! |url=https://augengeradeaus.net/2024/01/ueberraschung-nato-grossuebung/ |website=Augengeradeaus.de}}{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-15 |date=2024-01-18 |publisher=Zeit Online GmbH |title=Nato plant militärisches Großmanöver mit 90.000 Soldaten |type=Lange hielt sich die Nato mit Manövern an der Ostflanke zurück. Nun soll eine Übung mit Zehntausenden Soldaten stattfinden. Eines ihrer Ziele: Russland abzuschrecken. |url=https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2024-01/nato-manoever-buendnisfall-soldaten-abschreckung-russland |website=Zeit Online}}
Troop strength
File:U.S. 2nd Fleet commander introduces Steadfast Defender 2024.webm
The total troop strength for the exercise was over 90,000 soldiers. The United Kingdom provided 20,000 personnel for maneuvers (including 16,000 soldiers from the British Army, the 7th Light Mechanised Brigade Combat Team, and 2,000 sailors from the Royal Navy).{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-15 |author=Peter Felstead |date=2024-01-15 |language=en |publisher=Mittler Report Verlag GmbH |title=Shapps announces major UK contribution to NATO's Exercise 'Steadfast Defender 24' |url=https://euro-sd.com/2024/01/major-news/35921/uk-steadfast-defender-24/ |website=European Security and Defence}} 15,000 Polish,{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |author=Andrew Matthews |date=2024-01-15 |language=en |title=Steadfast Defender 2024: NATO gears up for major military exercise to confront Russian aggression |url=https://essanews.com/steadfast-defender-2024-nato-gears-up-for-major-military-exercise-to-confront-russian-aggression,6984964125419649a |website=essanews.com}} 10,000 German,{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |date=2024-01-18 |title=90.000 Soldaten: NATO kündigt größtes Manöver seit Jahrzehnten an {{!}}|url=https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/nato-manoever-118.html|website=tagesschau.de}} and 5,000 Dutch soldiers{{Cite web |date=2024-01-22 |title=Ruim 5000 Nederlandse militairen bij grootste NAVO-oefening sinds Koude Oorlog |url=https://www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/buitenland/artikel/5430813/navo-oefening-oorlog-dreiging-rusland-poetin-voorbereiding |access-date=2024-01-22 |website=RTL Nieuws |language=nl}} also participated.
Context
At the time of Steadfast Defender 2024 NATO had expressed increasing interest in developing mutual defensive capabilities sufficient for conflicts with potential near-peer adversaries.{{Cite web |last=Walla |first=Katherine |date=2024-05-17 |title=NATO must 'win up front but be ready to win long' in modern warfare, says General Christopher Cavoli |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/nato-must-win-up-front-but-be-ready-to-win-long-in-modern-warfare-says-general-christopher-cavoli/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Atlantic Council |language=en-US}}{{cite news |url= https://carnegieeurope.eu/2015/09/02/politics-of-2-percent-nato-and-security-vacuum-in-europe-pub-61139 |title= The Politics of 2 Percent: NATO and the Security Vacuum in Europe |first= Jan |last= Techau |date= 2 September 2015 |website= Carnegie Europe |access-date= 22 February 2021 |archive-date= 23 September 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180923231851/http://carnegieeurope.eu/2015/09/02/politics-of-2-percent-nato-and-security-vacuum-in-europe-pub-61139 |url-status= live }} In a prepared statement given to the United States House Committee on Armed Services in April 2024, United States General Christopher Cavoli (Supreme Allied Commander Europe and US EUCOM commander) specifically referenced several nations perceived as posing threats to NATO member countries. These included Russia, which had significantly increased its military spending in the setting of its war in Ukraine, and China, which was perceived as seeking to increase its economic and political influence within Europe and had offered public support of Russia in the Russo-Ukrainian war. General Cavoli also noted the potential for several regional conflicts (including the intensification of the Gaza-Israel conflict, increasing tensions within the Balkans, and instability within the Sahel) and climate change to pose threats to NATO members.
Involved nations
File:Major NATO affiliations in Europe.svg
All 32 NATO member nations took part in the exercise:{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |author=Olena Goncharova |date=2024-01-20 |title=ISW: Russia conducting information operation to distort NATO's 'Steadfast Defender 2024' exercises |url=https://kyivindependent.com/isw-russia-conducting-information-operation-to-distort-natos-defensive-steadfast-defender-2024-exercises/ |website=kyivindependent.com}}
{{colbegin}}
- {{flagicon|ALB}} Albania
- {{flagicon|BEL}} Belgium
- {{flagicon|BUL}} Bulgaria
- {{flagicon|CAN}} Canada
- {{flagicon|CRO}} Croatia
- {{flagicon|CZ}} Czech Republic
- {{flagicon|DEN}} Denmark
- {{flagicon|EST}} Estonia
- {{flagicon|FIN}} Finland
- {{flagicon|FRA}} France
- {{flagicon|GER}} Germany
- {{flagicon|GRE}} Greece
- {{flagicon|HUN}} Hungary
- {{flagicon|ISL}} Iceland
- {{flagicon|ITA}} Italy
- {{flagicon|LAT}} Latvia
- {{flagicon|LIT}} Lithuania
- {{flagicon|LUX}} Luxembourg
- {{flagicon|MNE}} Montenegro
- {{flagicon|NLD}} Netherlands
- {{flagicon|MKD}} North Macedonia
- {{flagicon|NOR}} Norway
- {{flagicon|POL}} Poland
- {{flagicon|POR}} Portugal
- {{flagicon|RO}} Romania
- {{flagicon|SVK}} Slovakia
- {{flagicon|SLO}} Slovenia
- {{flagicon|SPA}} Spain
- {{flagicon|SWE}} Sweden
- {{flagicon|TR}} Turkey
- {{flagicon|GBR}} United Kingdom
- {{flagicon|United States}} United States
{{colend}}
Equipment
The following military equipment took part in the maneuver:{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-19 |date=2024-01-18 |title=NATO's Biggest Military Exercise: Steadfast defender 2024 drills |website=YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfbKGWcUDRI}}
- Over 50 ships
- Over 80 fighter jets, helicopters and drones
- Approximately 1,100 combat vehicles
Quadriga 2024
File:Karte Quadriga 2024.svg 2024 maneuver with their four partial maneuvers]]
In connection with Steadfast Defender 2024, the Bundeswehr carried out its Quadriga 2024 exercise. Quadriga 2024 is again divided into four maneuvers, which were intended to practice alerting, relocating troops and combat. The four sub-maneuvers were Grand Center in mid- to late February, Grand North in mid-February to mid-March, Grand South in late April to late May and Grand Quadriga in May 2024.{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-15 |date=2023-11-30 |title=Heer und NATO-Partner starten 2024 ein Großmanöver |url=https://www.bundeswehr.de/de/organisation/heer/aktuelles/heer-und-nato-partner-starten-2024-ein-grossmanoever-5710094}}{{Cite web |title=Generalinspekteur betont vor Großübung Verantwortung der Bundeswehr |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/bundeswehrmanoever-quadriga-100.html |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=tagesschau.de |language=de}}
More than 12,000 Bundeswehr soldiers took part in the exercise, including those from the 10th Panzer Division. According to the Inspector General of the Bundeswehr, Carsten Breuer, Quadriga 2024 is "the Bundeswehr's first exercise in which the defense of NATO's eastern flank is combined with Germany's role as a linchpin for the defense of Europe".{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-15 |date=2023-11-30 |title=Heer und NATO-Partner starten 2024 ein Großmanöver |url=https://www.bundeswehr.de/de/organisation/heer/aktuelles/heer-und-nato-partner-starten-2024-ein-grossmanoever-5710094}}{{Cite web |title=Generalinspekteur betont vor Großübung Verantwortung der Bundeswehr |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/bundeswehrmanoever-quadriga-100.html |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=tagesschau.de |language=de}}
Dragon-24
As part of the Steadfast Defender 2024, the national "Dragon-24" maneuver was held by Poland from February 25 to March 14, 2024. This exercise primarily consisted of soldiers from the 11th Armoured Cavalry Division and the 16th Pomeranian Mechanised Division. It included troops from the Territorial Defence Force, Special Troops Command, Air Force, Navy as well as the NATO Response Force, and primarily took place at Land Forces Training Center Drawsko.{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |author=Tomasz Glen |date=2024-01-19 |language=en |title=Steadfast Defender 2024. 90,000 NATO soldiers start exercises. The biggest since the Cold War |url=https://www.dniprotoday.com/en/news/the-ministry-of-defense-sees-the-end-of-the-war-as-negotiations-the-return-of-lands-to-ukraine-and-russia-giving-up-its-nuclear-weapons-1228}}
Over 3,500 vehicles were used, including 100 tracked vehicles and tanks from the United States, Spain, and France. Troops during the exercise conducted multiple tasks, including river crossings with heavy equipment as well as movement of tracked and wheeled vehicles over 300 miles of public roads and off-road terrain.{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |author=Magdalena Kowalska-Sendek |date=2023-10-19 |language=pl |title="Steadfast Defender 2024", czyli największe manewry NATO |url=https://www.polska-zbrojna.pl/Mobile/ArticleShow/40562}}{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |author=Tomasz Glen |date=2024-01-19 |language=en |title=Steadfast Defender 2024. 90,000 NATO soldiers start exercises. The biggest since the Cold War |url=https://www.dniprotoday.com/en/news/the-ministry-of-defense-sees-the-end-of-the-war-as-negotiations-the-return-of-lands-to-ukraine-and-russia-giving-up-its-nuclear-weapons-1228}}
More maneuvers
The maneuver Nordic Response 24 used Steadfast Defender in 2024 as a roof maneuver{{clarify|reason=term needs defining or wikilinking to relevant definition|date=February 2024}}, but was not part of it.{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |date=2023-09-18 |language=en |title=NATO exercise planned for next year billed as largest since end of Cold War |url=https://www.stripes.com/theaters/europe/2023-09-18/nato-largest-exercise-11413388.html}}{{cite web |access-date=2024-01-20 |date=2024-01-19 |language=en |title=Nordic Response 2024 |url=https://www.forsvaret.no/en/exercises-and-operations/exercises/nr24}} The maneuvers "Saber Strike 24", "Immediate Response 24" and "Swift Response 24" are carried out in the course of Steadfast Defender
References
External links
{{Commonscat|Steadfast Defender 2024}}
- Video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfbKGWcUDRI NATO's Biggest Military Exercise: Steadfast defender 2024 drills], WION
- German Bundeswehr, [https://web.archive.org/web/20240112095302/https://www.bundeswehr.de/resource/blob/5710100/06bec54e23856c511eb9f672a33c3fdd/quadriga-2024-flyer-data.pdf Quadriga 2024], official Flyer as PDF (saved by archive.org).
{{Russian invasion of Ukraine|Reactions}}
Category:2024 in military history
Category:2024 in international relations
Category:Military exercises and wargames
Category:British military exercises
Category:Military exercises involving the United States