Steatoda paykulliana

As is evident from one of the common names associated with Steatoda species, false widow, S. paykulliana resembles black widow spiders in shape and color markings. The female S. paykulliana body length is from 8 mm, to 12 mm when pregnant. The abdomen is globular, colored a shiny black, with two non-overlapping stripes, one dorsal and one lateral. This differentiates it from true black widow spiders that have dorsal and ventral markings. The stripes are ivory-yellow on young females and orange-red on mature ones.{{Cite book|title=Arthropod Venoms|publisher=Springer-Verlag|year=1978|isbn=978-3-642-45501-8|editor-last=Bettini|editor-first=S.|location=Berlin/Heidelberg|pages=213–214|chapter=9}} The male is only about half the size of the female, with less prominent markings.{{cite journal|last=Zamani|first=A.|year=2016|title=Predation on Cyrtopodion scabrum (Squamata: Gekkonidae) by Steatoda paykulliana (Araneae: Theridiidae)|journal=Rivista Arachnologica Italiana|volume=8|pages=12–15}}

S. paykulliana's venom is much less potent than the true black widows', and its effect on humans is minor, similar to a wasp sting.{{cite journal|last1=Maretić|first1=Z.|last2=Levi|first2=H. W.|last3=Levi|first3=L. R.|year=1964|title=The theridiid spider Steatoda paykulliana, poisonous to mammals|journal=Toxicon|volume=2|issue=3|pages=149–154|doi=10.1016/0041-0101(64)90016-9|pmid=14298221}}

File:Steatoda paykulliana.JPG

S. paykulliana spins typical tangled three-dimensional webs, usually on sloping ground covered with vegetation. A cocoon is spun around the eggs. In countries of former Yugoslavia, the spiderlings hatch at the end of summer, hibernate in the winter, and reach adulthood at the beginning of the next summer.

S. paykulliana is widespread throughout Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It has been reported in Portugal,Cardoso, 2000 : Portuguese spiders (Araneae): a preliminary cheklist. Ekologia (Bratislava), {{vol.|19|}}, sup. 3, {{p.|19-29}} ([http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.556.8592&rep=rep1&type=pdf texte intégral]). Spain,Blasco-Zumeta, 2000 : Contribution à l'étude de la faune associée a Juniperus thurifera L. dans Los Monegros (Aragon, Espagne). Les Dossiers forestiers, {{vol.|6}}, {{p.|94-103}}. FranceCanard, 1987 : Données sur la distribution spatio-temporelle des Theridiidae des landes armoricaines. Revue Arachnologique, {{vol.|5}}, No. 4, {{p.|169-183}}.Thirion, Beau & Guillon, 2007 : Première mention de Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1806) (Arachnida : Araneae : Theridiidae) pour les Charentes. Catalogue des Annales de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de la Charente-Maritime, {{vol.|9}}, No. 7, {{p.|743-744}}. including Corsica,Tiberghien, Canard, Rollard & Ysnel, 1993 : Invertébrés du Parc Régional de Corse. Des richesses à inventorier (seconde partie) les réserves de Scandola, Lavezzi et Cerbicale. Insectes, {{vol.|91}}, {{p.|23-27}}. Belgium,Bosmans, 2009 : Een herziene soortenlijst van de Belgische spinnen (Araneae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging, {{vol.|24}}, No. 1/3, {{p.|33-58}} ([http://www.arabel.ugent.be/docs/Bosmans_2009_soortenlijst_Araneae_Belgie.pdf texte intégral]). Italy,Trotta, 2005 : Introduzione ai Ragni italiani (Arachnida Araneae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, {{vol.|83}}, {{p.|3-178}}. Switzerland,Blick, Bosmans, Buchar, Gajdoš, Hänggi, Van Helsdingen, Ružicka, Starega & Thaler, 2004 : Checkliste der Spinnen Mitteleuropas. Checklist of the spiders of Central Europe. (Arachnida: Araneae). Version 1. Dezember 2004. ([http://arages.de/files/checklist2004_araneae.pdf texte intégral]). Austria,Noflatscher, 1991 : Beiträge zur Spinnenfauna Südtirols - III: Epigäische Spinnen an Xerotherm-Standorten am Mitterberg, bei Neustift und Sterzing (Arachnida: Aranei). Berichte des naturwissenschaftlichen-medizinischen Verein Innsbruck, {{vol.|78}}, {{p.|79-92}} ([http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/BERI_78_0079-0092.pdf texte intégral]). Slovenia,Kostanjšek & Kuntner, 2015 : Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys, No. 474, {{p.|1-91}}. Croatia,Maretic, 1978 :Venoms of Theridiidae, Genus Steatoda. Arthropod Venoms, Springer Science & Business Media, {{p.|213-216}}. Serbia,Grbic & Savic, 2010 : Contribution to the knowledge of the spider fauna (Arachnida, Araneae) on the Fruska Gora Mt. Acta entomologica serbica, {{vol.|15}}, No. 1, {{p.|243-260}} ([http://www.eds.org.rs/AES/Vol15-2/Grbic%20&%20Savic.pdf texte intégral]). Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia,Blagoev, 2002 : Check List of Macedonian Spiders (Araneae). Acta zoologica bulgarica, {{vol.|54}}, No. 3, {{p.|9-34}}. Albania,Deltshev, Vrenosi, Blagoev & Lazarov, 2011 : Spiders of Albania - Faunistic and Zoogeographical Review (Arachnida: Araneae). Acta zoologica bulgarica, {{vol.|63}}, No. 2, {{p.|125-144}} ([http://www.acta-zoologica-bulgarica.eu/downloads/acta-zoologica-bulgarica/2011/63-2-125-144.pdf texte intégral]). Romania,Weiss & Petrisor, 1999 : List of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Romania. Travaux du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa", {{vol.|41}}, {{p.|79-107}}. Ukraine,Polchaninova & Prokopenko, 2013 : Catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Aranei) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Artropoda Selecta, suppl. 2, KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, {{p.|1-268}} ([http://kmkjournals.com/upload/PDF/ArthropodaSelecta/Add2_Polch_Prokop_001_268.pdf texte intégral]). Bulgaria,Deltshev, Lazarov, Blagoev & Naumova, 2011 : Spiders (Araneae) from the Western Rhodopes Mts (Bulgaria). Biodiversity of Bulgaria 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) II. Pensoft & Musée national d'histoire naturelle de Bulgarie, Sofia, {{p.|1-43}}. Greece,Bosmans, van Keer, Russell-Smith, A., Kronestedt, Alderweireldt, Bosselaers & de Koninck, 2013 : Spiders of Crete (Araneae). A catalogue of all currently known species from the Greek Island of Crete. Arachnological Contributions. Newsletter of the Belgian arachnological Society, {{vol.|28}}, supl. 1, {{p.|1-147}} ([http://www.arabel.ugent.be/docs/SpidersOfCrete.pdf texte intégral]).Komnenov, Pitta, Zografou & Chatzaki, 2016 : Discovering the still unexplored arachnofauna of the National Park of Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli, NE Greece: a taxonomic review with description of new species. Zootaxa, No. 4096(1), {{p.|1-66}}. Malta,Sciberras, Sciberras, Freudenschuss & Pfliegler, 2014 : "Araneus angulatus Clerck,1757 (Araneae: Araneidae), new for the fauna of the Sicilian and Maltese archipelagos". Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, {{vol.|24}}, {{p.|109-110}} ([http://www.sea-entomologia.org/PDF/RIA24/109-110RIA24NC.pdf texte intégral]). Turkey,Kaya & Ugurtas, 2007 : A Study on Araneo-Fauna (Arachnida: Araneae) of Görükle Campus Area (Bursa). Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences, {{vol.|1}}, No. 2, {{p.|81-86}}.Çavusoglu, K., Bayram, A., Maras, M., Kirindi, 2006 : Steatoda paykulliana (Araneae, Theridiidae) (Walckenaer, 1806)’nin Zehir Aygitinin Morfolojisi Hakkinda. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, {{vol.|10}}, No. 1, {{p.|25-29}}. Georgia, Lebanon,Assi, 2013 : Nouvelle liste des espèces d'araignées du Liban. Lebanese Science Journal, {{vol.|14}}, No. 2, {{p.|15-24}}. Syria, Israel,Pluess, Opatovsky, Gavish-Regev, Lubin & Schmidt, 2008 : Spiders in wheat fields and semi-desert in the Negev (Israel). The Journal of Arachnology, {{vol.|36}}, {{p.|368-373}}. Palestine, Azerbaijan,Topchiyeva, Mehrabova & Hasanov, 2010 : Radiation effect onto biodiversity of spiders. Advances in Biology, Bioengineering and Environment, {{p.|82-84}} ([http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2010/Vouliagmeni/BIOLED/BIOLED-11.pdf texte intégral]).Maruik, Guseinov & Aliev, 2004 : Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Azerbaidjan 4. Fauna of Naxivan. Athropoda Selecta, {{vol.|13}}, No. 3, {{p.|135-149}} ([http://zmmu.msu.ru/files/images/spec/journals/13_3%20135_149%20Marusik,%20Guseinov%20%26%20%20Aliev.pdf texte intégral]). Dagestan,Abdurakhmanov & Alieva, 2009 : Composition and Geographical Distribution of the Spiders (Aranei) in the Republic Dagestan. The South of Russia, {{vol.|3}}, {{p.|38-50}} ([http://caucasus-spiders.info/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/2009_AbdurakhmanovAlieva_CompDistrSpidersDagestan.pdf texte intégral]). Russia, Northwest China, Kazakhstan, Southern Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran,Zamani, 2016 : Predation of Cyrtopodion scabrum (Squamata: Gekkonidae) by Steatoda paykulliana (Araneae: Theridiidae). Arachnida - Rivista Aracnologica Italiana, {{vol.|8}}, {{p.|12-15}}. Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, the Netherlands [https://m.noordhollandsdagblad.nl/cnt/dmf20230101_38187953 new spider species] and Great Britain.[http://britishspiders.org.uk/wiki2015/index.php?title=False_Widow_Spiders False Widow Spiders]Merrett, Russell-Smith & Harvey, 2014 : A Revised Check List of British Spiders. Arachnology, {{vol.|16}}, No. 4, {{p.|134-144}}. Cyprus

{{reflist}}

{{Wikispecies|Category:Steatoda paykulliana}}{{Commons category|Steatoda paykulliana}}

• {{GBIF link|2157278|Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1806)}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1948677}}

paykulliana

Category:Spiders described in 1805