Stenanthium

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|image = Stenanthium gramineum (1014705818).jpg

|image_caption = Flowers of Stenanthium gramineum

|taxon = Stenanthium

|authority = (A.Gray) Kunth

|synonyms_ref = WCSP_Stenanthium>Search for "Stenanthium", {{Cite web |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ |accessdate=2013-08-23}}

|synonyms =

  • Oceanoros Small
  • Tracyanthus Small

}}

Stenanthium is a North American genus of flowering plants in the tribe Melanthieae of the family Melanthiaceae.

Featherbells is a common name for plants in this genus.{{PLANTS|id=STENA2|taxon=Stenanthium|accessdate=2 December 2015}}

Taxonomy

Molecular phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have resulted in number of changes to placements within this tribe.

Three species were removed from the genus to Anticlea and two or three (depending on whether S. leimanthoides is maintained as a separate species) added from Zigadenus sensu lato, the deathcamases.{{cite journal| last = Zomlefer| first = WB|author2=WS Judd | title = Resurrection of Segregates of the Polyphyletic Genus Zigadenus s.l. (Liliales: Melanthiaceae) and Resulting New Combinations| journal = Novon| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 299–308 |year = 2002 |jstor = 3392971 |doi = 10.2307/3392971| url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/36508}} (See also Phylogeny of Melanthieae.) Members of Stenanthium, as currently circumscribed, may also be distinguished from other deathcamases by having a slender cylindrical bulb and the lack of sarcotesta on its brown seeds. They occur in the eastern and south-central United States.{{cite journal|

last = Zomlefer|

first = WB|author2=NH Williams |author3=WM Whitten |author4=WS Judd |

title = Generic circumscriptions and relationships in the tribe Melanthieae (Liliales, Melanthiaceae), with emphasis on Zigadenus: Evidence from ITS and TRNL-F sequence data|

journal = American Journal of Botany|

volume = 88|

issue = 9|

jstor = 3558411|

pages = 1657–1669|

publisher = Botanical Society of America|

year = 2001|

doi = 10.2307/3558411

|pmid=21669700}}

=Species=

Species include:

class="wikitable"
ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Stenanthium densum (Desr.) Zomlefer & JuddOsceola's plumesoutheastern United States from Texas to Virginia
Stenanthium diffusum WoffordTennessee
120pxStenanthium gramineum (Ker Gawl.) Morongeastern featherbellseastern + south-central United States from eastern Texas to Florida north to Michigan and Connecticut.[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=STGR2 USDA Plants Profile for Stenanthium gramineum (eastern featherbells)] . accessed 6.26.2017.
120pxStenanthium leimanthoides (A.Gray) Zomlefer & Juddpine barren deathcamaseastern + south-central United States from eastern Texas to Florida north to New York
Stenanthium macrum Sorrie & Weakley{{cite web |title=Stenanthium macrum|url=http://beta.ipni.org/n/77175257-1|website=ipni.org |publisher=International Plant Names Index|accessdate=2018-10-03}}Gulf Coast, from Texas to Florida
120pxStenanthium occidentale A.Graywestern featherbellsnative to the Pacific Northwest, the Klamath Mountains in northwestern California, and Western Canada.[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=STOC USDA Plants Profile for Stenanthium occidentale (western featherbells)] . accessed 6.26.2017.[http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=7782 Calflora Database: Stenanthium occidentale (Western featherbells, Western stenanthium)] . accessed 6.26.2017.[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=45534 Jepson eFlora (TJM2) treatment of Stenanthium occidentale] . accessed 6.26.2017.[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=ucjeps&where-genre=Plant&where-taxon=Stenanthium%20occidentale&title_tag=Stenanthium%20occidentale UC CalPhotos gallery of Stenanthium occidentale]
Stenanthium tennesseense Sorrie & Weakley{{cite web |title=Stenanthium tennesseense|url=http://beta.ipni.org/n/77175256-1|website=ipni.org |publisher=International Plant Names Index|accessdate=2018-10-03}}southern Tennessee

Different botanists and sources recognize different numbers of distinct species. The Flora of North America and USDA recognize two: Stenanthium gramineum and Stenanthium occidentale.[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=131349 eFloras.org: Stenanthium treatment] . accessed 6.26.2017.[http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=STENA2 USDA: Stenanthium treatment]. accessed 6.26.2017. Several sources recognize S. leimanthoides as a separate species.{{cite web |url=http://newyork.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=1807 |title=Stenanthium leimanthoides|author=Weldy, Troy|author2=David Werier|author3=Andrew Nelson|name-list-style=amp |date=2013 |website=New York Flora Atlas|publisher= Florida Center for Community Design and Research. New York Flora Association.|accessdate=2013-08-21}}[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Stenanthium Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution maps]{{cite web|title=Stenanthium leimanthoides|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1150233-2|website=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanical Gardens Kew |accessdate=2018-10-03}}{{cite journal |last1=Sorrie |first1=Bruce A. |author-link1=Bruce A. Sorrie |last2=Weakley |first2=Alan S. |author-link2=Alan S. Weakley |title=Stenanthium leimanthoides and S. densum (Melanthiaceae) revisited, with the description of two new species |journal=Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas |date=2017 |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=275–286|doi=10.17348/jbrit.v11.i2.1068 |s2cid=244564260 |doi-access=free }} The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognized three species in 2013, treating S. leimanthoides as a synonym of S. densum. Plants of the World Online treats S. occidentale as a synonym of Anticlea occidentale.{{cite web|title=Stenanthium occidentale|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:244546-2|website=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanical Gardens Kew |accessdate=2018-10-03}} Research by Sorrie and Weakley (2017) described two new species of Stenanthium in the southeastern United States: S. macrum and S. tennesseense.

See also

  • {{C|Melanthiaceae genera}}

References