Stepan Charnetskyi
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022 }}
{{Use British English|date=April 2022}}
{{Short description|Ukrainian poet (1881–1944)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Stepan Charnetskyi
|native_name = {{Nobold|Степан Чарнецький}}
| image = OE Charnetskyi Stepan.jpg
| alt =
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| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1881|01|21}}
| birth_place = Shmankivtsi, Austria-Hungary (now Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1944|10|02|1881|01|21|df=y}}
| death_place = Lviv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union (now Ukraine)
| nationality = Ukrainian
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| notable_works =
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File:Шманьківці, Пам'ятник Степанові Чарнецькому, 1480.jpg
File:Надгробок на могилі Степана Чарнецького..jpg in Lviv]]
Stepan Mykolaiovych Charnetskyi{{efn|Also transliterated as Charnetsky}} ({{langx|uk|Степан Миколайович Чарнецький}}; {{langx|pl|Stepan Czarnecki}}; 21 January 1881 – 2 October 1944) was a Ukrainian poet, translator, journalist, theatre and music critic, and theatre director and producer, author of the anthem of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen "Oi u luzi chervona kalyna"{{cite web |title=Our arms is the word! |url=https://day.kyiv.ua/en/article/time-out/our-arms-word |website=The Day|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305122045/https://day.kyiv.ua/en/article/time-out/our-arms-word |archive-date=March 5, 2022 |date=6 October 2014}}
Biography
Charnetskyi was born 21 January 1881 in Shmankivtsi, Austria-Hungary (now in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine). He was the thirteenth child in a priest family. His father was Greek Catholic priest Mykola Charnetskyi, who died of typhoid soon after his birth. His mother was Vladyslava Eckhardt-Charnetska.Мориквас, Н. "Меланхолія Степана Чарнецького". 2005. {{ISBN|966-603-435-2}}
He went to school in Stanyslaviv and then studied in Lviv's Tsisars-Royal Technical Academy (now Lviv Polytechnic National University). He then worked in Lviv as an engineer. During World War I, he was the Assistant Chief of the railway station No. 5 Lviv-Stryi, Lviv-Sambir.
He was one of the group of modernist writers in Austrian Ukraine known as the Moloda Muza (the Young Muse){{Cite journal|doi=10.32999/ksu2663-2691/2020-82-3|title=Stepan Charnetskyi as a Participant of the Sich Riflemen Generation|year=2020|last1=i.v|first1=Rozdolska|journal=South Archive (Philological Sciences)|issue=82|pages=20–26|s2cid=225210400|doi-access=free}} that emerged in 1906, alongside {{Ill|Volodymyr Birchak|uk|Бірчак Володимир Іванович}}, {{Ill|Mykhailo Yatskiv|uk|Яцків Михайло Юрійович}}, {{Ill|Petro Karmanskyi|uk|Карманський Петро Сильвестрович}}, {{Ill|Ostap Lutskyi|uk|Луцький Остап Михайлович}}, {{Ill|Vasyl Pachovskyi|uk|Пачовський Василь Миколайович}}, {{Ill|Osyp Turianskyi|uk|Турянський Осип Васильович}} and Sydir Tverdokhlib.{{cite book |last1=Luckyj |first1=George |title=Ukrainian Literature in the Twentieth Century |date=1992 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn=978-1-4875-7595-3 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.3138/9781487575953/html |doi=10.3138/9781487575953|language=en}}
He was the editor of the magazines Ukrainian Voice (1915) and Ukrainian Herald. He was the artistic director of the Ruska Besida Theatre (spring 1913-August 1914) in Lviv.{{cite web |title=Charnetsky, Stepan |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CH%5CCharnetskyStepan.htm |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine |date=2011}}
He married Iryna Popovachak-Charnetska and they had two daughters, Olesia and Oleksandra.
Works
He wrote the patriotic anthem to the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen entitled "Oh, the Red Viburnum in the Meadow" ({{langx|uk|Ой у лузі червона калина}}) (1913). Pink Floyd recorded a version of the song in 2022 as "Hey, Hey, Rise Up!".{{cite news |first=Chris |last=Willman |url=https://variety.com/2022/music/news/pink-floyd-new-single-ukraine-hey-rise-up-davvid-gilmour-nick-mason-1235227513/ |title=Pink Floyd to Release First Newly Conceived Single as a Band Since 1994, Borrowing Ukrainian Singer's Lead Vocal|work=Variety|date=7 April 2022|access-date=7 April 2022}}
His collections of poems included "В годині сумерку" (1908), "В годині задуми" (1917) and "Сумні ідем" (1920).{{cite journal |journal=Слово і Час. |issue=4 |pages=13–20 |title=Структурно-Семантична Бінарність Художнього: Дискурсу Поезії Степана Чарнецького |trans-title=Structural and Semantic Binary of Artistic Discourse of Stepan Charnetsky's Poetry |first=Olga |last=Kaminchuk |date= |url=http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/141911/03-Kaminchuk.pdf |language=uk }} He also wrote about the theatre, including the book "An Essay on the History of the Ukrainian Theater in Galicia" (1934).{{cite web |title=НАУКОВИЙ ЗБІРНИК |first=Vasyl |last=Stefanyk |date=2017 |url=https://odpmr.pnu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2018/03/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F-%D0%B2-%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96-%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9-%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA.pdf |language=uk }}
In 1936, he co-wrote lyrics for the song "{{ill|There Will Come Another Time|uk|Прийде ще час}}" ({{langx|uk|Прийде ще час}}) with Bohdan Vesolovskyi, who had previously composed the music.{{cite book |last1=Ostash |first1=Ihor |last2=Осташ |first2=Ігор |title=Bondi, abo, Povernenni︠a︡ Bohdana Vesolovsʹkoho |date=2013 |location=Kyïv |isbn=9789668910739}}
He translated Adam Mickiewicz's 1828 narrative poem "Konrad Wallenrod" from the original Polish into Ukrainian. Some of Charnetskyi's own poetry was translated into Polish by Tverdokhlib.
Family
Father, Mykola Charnetskyi (January 2, 1830, place of birth unknown - June 25Новинки. Вісті єпархіяльни // Діло. — 1882. — Ч. [http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis%20ir/cgiirbis%2064.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=ELIB&P21DBN=ELIB&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=online%20G&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=FF=&S21STR=00000360/47 47] (19 червня). — С. 5. 1882, Shmankivtsi, Austria-Hungary) - Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, dean of the Chortkiv deanery of the UGCC. Ordained in 1854.[https://dlibra.kul.pl/dlibra/publication/16163/edition/14625/content Schematismus Universi Venerabilis Cleri Archidioeceseos Metropolitanae Graeco Catholicae Leopoliensis pro Anno Domini 1855]. — Leopoli, 1855. — P. 178. He served in the parishes - the Exaltation of the Holy Cross of the Lord in the city of KopychyntsiПарафія м. Копичинці. Церква Воздвиження Чесного Хреста Господнього // Бучацька єпархія УГКЦ. Парафії, монастирі, храми. Шематизм / Автор концепції Куневич Б.; керівник проекту, науковий редактор Стоцький Я. — Тернопіль : ТОВ «Новий колір», 2014. — С. 165. : іл. — ISBN 978-966-2061-30-7. (1854-1855), the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the village of Uhryn (1856Schematismus Universi Venerabilis Cleri Archidioeceseos Metropolitanae Graeco Catholicae Leopoliensis pro Anno Domini 1856. — Leopoli, 1856. — P. 181.(лат.)-1868 Schematismus Universi Venerabilis Cleri Archidioeceseos Metropolitanae Graeco Catholicae Leopoliensis pro Anno Domini 1868. — Leopoli, 1868. — P. 183—184.(лат.)), the Saints Cosmas and Damian church of the village of ShmankivtsiSchematismus Universi Venerabilis Cleri Archidioeceseos Metropolitanae Graeco Catholicae Leopoliensis pro Anno Domini 1871. — Leopoli, 1871. — P. 188—189.(лат.)-1882;Schematismus Universi Venerabilis Cleri Archidioeceseos Metropolitanae Graeco Catholicae Leopoliensis pro Anno Domini 1882. — Leopoli, 1882. — P. 195.(лат.) all - Chortkiv Raion). Played the violin well.Капустін, В. [http://svitlytsia.crimea.ua/?section=article&artID=11885 Пісня, що стала гімном] // Кримська світлиця. — 2013. — No. 24 (14 червня). Together with his wife Vladyslava Eckhardt, they raised thirteen children, among whom the youngest was Stepan. Died 25 June 1882 of typhus, buried in the village cemetery Shmankivtsi.{{Блажейовський-Львів|2|68|Carneckyj Mykola}}Мориквас, Н. Меланхолія Степана Чарнецького. — Львів: Світ, 2005. — С. 304—306, 314, 323. : іл. — ISBN 966-603-435-2.Огородник, М. Тернопільське коріння неофіційного гімну українців // Наш день. — 2022. — No. 4 (2 лютого). — С. 13.Огородник, М. Батько відомого поета // Свобода плюс Тернопільщина. — 2022. — No. 12 (18 лютого). — С. 2.
Шманьківці, Будинок, де народився Степан Чарнецький.jpg|The house where Stepan Charnetskyi was born
Шманьківці, Могила о. Миколи Чарнецького, батька С. Чарнецького, 713.jpg|The grave of Mykola Charnetskyi, father of Stepan Charnetskyi in Shmankivtsi
Шманьківці, Могила братів С. Чарнецького, 714.jpg|Tomb of Stepan Charnetskyi's brothers in Shmankivtsi
Memorials
On 26 May 1991, a statue of Stepan Charnetskyi (sculptor Ivan Muliarchuk, initiator - Nadiia Protskiv) was unveiled in the poet's family village.Мориквас, Н. Меланхолія Степана Чарнецького. — Львів: Світ, 2005. — С. 384. : іл. — ISBN 966-603-435-2.
In 2005, Nadiia Morykvas published the book "Melankholiia of Stepan Charnetskyi". It tells about the difficult and even tragic fate of Stepan Charnetskyi. The book uses archival materials, memoirs of the poet's contemporaries, including his daughter Alexandra.[https://www.yakaboo.ua/ua/melanholija-stepana-charnec-kogo.html Меланхолія Степана Чарнецького] // Yakaboo.
Every year the family village hosts commemorative events in honor of the poet, in particular the regional art festival "Chervona kalyna".
See also
Notes
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References
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External links
{{external media
||video1={{YouTube|plCz1ppHnls|Вона була гімном українських січових стрільців та повстанців, а зараз звучить по всьому світу}} // Суспільне Тернопіль. — 2022. — 25 квітня.}}
- Терлюк, І. [https://suspilne.media/230027-avtor-pisni-oj-u-luzi-cervona-kalina-stepan-carneckij-rodom-z-ternopilsini/ Автор пісні «Ой у лузі червона калина» Степан Чарнецький — родом з Тернопільщини] // Суспільне Новини. — 2022. — 18 квітня.
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Category:Ukrainian theatre directors
Category:Writers from Ternopil Oblast
Category:Ukrainian people in the Austrian Empire
Category:Burials at Lychakiv Cemetery