Stephen Stepanian
Stephen Stepanian (February 28, 1882 – October 1964) (Armenian: Ստեփան Ստեփանեան) was an Armenian American inventor and owner of numerous patents including the Elevator and Conveyor, Compound Tool, and the Wrench. He is also accredited as the inventor of a self-discharging motorized transit mixer that was the predecessor of the concrete mixer truck.{{cite web|title=READY MIXED CONCRETE: the first fifty years|url=http://www.concreteconstruction.net/images/Ready%20Mixed%20Concrete_%20The%20First%20Fifty%20Years_tcm45-348455.pdf|publisher=Concrete Construction|access-date=27 February 2013|year=1962}}{{cite web|last=D Q Campbell|first=Paul|title=Who invented the portable mixer anyway?|url=http://www.pdqcampbell.com/samples/J00C031.pdf|access-date=27 February 2013}}{{cite web|title=Ready-Mixed Concrete|url=http://www.cement.org/basics/concreteproducts_readymix.asp|publisher=Cement.org|access-date=27 February 2013|quote=In 1916, Stephen Stepanian of Columbus, Ohio, developed a self-discharging motorized transit mixer that is considered the predecessor of the modern ready-mixed concrete truck.}} Stepanian is often called the "father of the ready-mix concrete industry."{{cite journal|title=Stephen Stepanian|journal=Concrete|year=1954|volume=62|page=89|editor1-first=Harvey|editor1-last=Whipple|publisher=Concrete-Cement Age Publishing Company|quote=When one starts to chronicle the story of ready-mixed concrete in the light of the development of the ready-mix trucks themselves, one must inevitably start with Stephen Stepanian, often called the father of the ready-mix industry.}}
Life
Of Armenian descent, Stepanian moved to Grandview Heights, Ohio, in 1906.{{cite book|last=Partamian|first=Stepan|title=Yes, we have: contributions of American-Armenians to the United States of America|year=2009|publisher=Armenian Arts Fund|isbn=9780615302478|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbAlAQAAMAAJ|edition=illustrated|access-date=27 February 2013}} He is credited with rescuing 13 people from a tree using a makeshift raft during the 1913 flood in Columbus, Ohio. They had been in the tree some 48 hours when Stepanian used a raft he made from floating timbers and a pole to navigate them, 2-3 at a time, to safety.{{Cite news|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045487/1913-04-01/ed-1/seq-23/|title=The day book. (Chicago, Ill.) 1911-1917, April 01, 1913, Image 23|newspaper=The Day Book|date=1913-04-01|issn=2163-7121|access-date=2016-03-21}} He resided on Glenn Avenue near Bluff. Stepanian became president of Marble Cliff Quarries and the Central Ohio Concrete Company. Eventually, Stepanian founded the Arrow Concrete Company, a company that is still in service today.{{cite web| last=Marsh| first=Don| title=Mixer Inventor Early Poster Child For Intellectual Property Laws| url=http://www.concreteproducts.com/index.php/equipment/trucks/4656.html| archive-url=https://archive.today/20130408001423/http://www.concreteproducts.com/index.php/equipment/trucks/4656.html| archive-date=8 April 2013| access-date=10 October 2013| date=1 May 2004| url-status=dead}} He was elected as an honorary member of the board of directors for the National Ready Mixed Concrete Association.{{cite journal|journal=Journal of the American Concrete Institute|year=1954|volume=25|page=15|publisher=American Concrete Institute}}
Stepanian was honored by the 1954 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association annual convention which named him an honorary lifetime member. In 2004, Stepanian was selected as one of the Top 100 Transportation Private Sector Professionals by the American Road and Transportation Builders Association.
Inventor of concrete mixing truck
Stephen invented a self-discharging motorized transit mixer that was the predecessor of the concrete mixer truck and applied for a patent in 1916. However, the patent was rejected in April 1917 by the patent office because it was believed that a truck could not support the weight of a concrete mixer on top of it. The patent office also noted that there was no previous patenting information that proves integration was possible with both the mixer and the design of the truck. Other sources suggest that the patent was rejected because Stepanian was not an American citizen. However, on December 21, 1928, Stepanian reapplied for the patent and received approval on November 21, 1933.
Notable patents
- Wrench United States Patent No. 1,321,776, filing date: May 29, 1918, issue date: Nov. 11, 1919.{{cite web|title=Wrench|url=https://docs.google.com/a/google.com/viewer?url=www.google.com/patents/US1321776.pdf|publisher=Google Patents|access-date=27 February 2013}}
- Concrete Mixing and Transporting Vehicle United States Patent No. 1,935,922, filing date: Dec. 21, 1928, issue date: Nov. 21, 1933.{{cite web|title=Concrete Mixing and Transporting Vehicle|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1935922.pdf|publisher=FreePatentsOnline|access-date=27 February 2013}}
- Sample Display Holder United States Patent No. 1,730,439, filing date Apr. 24, 1926, issue date: Oct. 8, 1929.{{cite web|title=Sample Display Holder|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1730439.pdf|publisher=FreePatentsOnline|access-date=27 February 2013}}
- Compound Tool United States Patent No. 1,321,777, filing date: Feb. 24, 1919, issue date: Nov. 11, 1919.{{cite web|title=Compound Tool|url=https://docs.google.com/a/google.com/viewer?url=www.google.com/patents/US1321777.pdf|publisher=Google Patents|access-date=27 February 2013}}
- Elevator and Conveyor United States Patent No. 859,588, filing date: Sep. 9, 1904, issue date: Jul. 9, 1907.{{cite web|title=Elevator and Conveyor|url=https://docs.google.com/a/google.com/viewer?url=www.google.com/patents/US859588.pdf|publisher=Google Patents|access-date=27 February 2013}}
- Building Apparatus United States Patent No. 2,440,920, filing date: Aug. 15, 1941, issue date: May 4, 1948.{{cite web|title=Building Apparatus|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2440920.pdf|publisher=FreePatentsOnline|access-date=27 February 2013}}
- Garment United States Patent No. 1,997,703, filing date: April 7, 1933, issue date: April 16, 1935.{{cite web|title=Garment|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1997703.pdf|publisher=FreePatentsOnline|access-date=27 February 2013}}