Stone Soupercomputer

The Stone Soupercomputer was a Beowulf-style computer cluster built at the US Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the late 1990s.

A group of lab employees including William W. Hargrove and Forrest M. Hoffman applied for a grant to build a cluster in 1996, but it was rejected.

They decided to build a cluster anyway, using desktop personal computers that had been discarded as being too slow. The name was derived from the story of stone soup.{{Cite news |title= The Do-It-Yourself Supercomputer |work= Scientific American |first1= William W. |last1= Hargrove| first2= Forrest M. |last2= Hoffman |first3= Thomas| last3=Sterling| author-link3=Thomas Sterling (computing) |volume= 265 |number= 2 |pages= 72–79 |date= August 16, 2001 |url= http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=the-do-it-yourself-superc |access-date= October 18, 2011 }}

The developers used freely available and open source software such as Linux operating system, the Parallel Virtual Machine toolkit, and the Message Passing Interface library.{{Cite news |title= Cluster Computing: Linux Taken to the Extreme |first1= William W. |last1= Hargrove |first2= Forrest M. |last2= Hoffman |work= Linux Magazine |year= 1999 |url= http://climate.ornl.gov/~forrest/linux-magazine-1999/ |access-date= October 18, 2011 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111018122713/http://climate.ornl.gov/~forrest/linux-magazine-1999/ |archive-date= October 18, 2011 }}

By early 1997, the first applications were running on the cluster. By May 2001, it had 133 nodes. They included Intel 80486 and Pentium-based machines as well as a few DEC Alpha workstations. Low-cost Ethernet networking was used for interconnection instead of any special-purpose network. The cluster was the subject of an article in Scientific American magazine in 2001. Many applications were developed on this system that could then be deployed on other, faster clusters. The stone cluster was no longer in use by August 2003.{{Cite web |title= The Stone SouperComputer - ORNL's First Beowulf-Style Parallel Computer |work= Project website |date= August 27, 2003 |first= Forrest M. |last= Hoffman |url= http://stonesoup.esd.ornl.gov/ |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20031121211117/http://stonesoup.esd.ornl.gov/ |archive-date= November 21, 2003 |access-date= October 18, 2011 }}

This approach was used as a model for other educational cluster projects.{{cite journal |first1= Joel |last1=Adams |first2= David |last2= Vos |title=Small-college supercomputing: Building a Beowulf cluster at a comprehensive college |journal=ACM SIGCSE Bulletin |volume= 34 |number= 1 |date= March 2002 |pages=411–415 |doi= 10.1145/563517.563498 |isbn= 1-58113-473-8 |doi-access= free }}