Stylohyoid muscle
{{Short description|Muscle in the neck}}
{{Infobox muscle
| Name = Stylohyoid
| Latin = musculus stylohyoideus
| Image = Musculi colli stylohyoideus.svg
| Caption = The stylohyoid among the triangles of the neck.
| Image2 = Stylohyoid muscle.PNG
| Caption2 = Muscles of the neck. Anterior view. Stylohyoid muscle in purple
| Origin = Styloid process (temporal)
| Insertion = Greater cornu of hyoid bone
| Blood =
| Nerve = Facial nerve (CN VII)
| Action = Elevate the hyoid during swallowing
}}
The stylohyoid muscle is one of the suprahyoid muscles.{{Citation|last=Chokroverty|first=Sudhansu|title=Chapter 7 - Physiologic Changes in Sleep|date=2009-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780750675840000070|work=Sleep Disorders Medicine (Third Edition)|pages=80–104|editor-last=Chokroverty|editor-first=Sudhansu|place=Philadelphia|publisher=W.B. Saunders|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-7506-7584-0.00007-0|isbn=978-0-7506-7584-0|access-date=2020-11-11}} Its originates from the styloid process of the temporal bone; it inserts onto hyoid bone. It is innervated by a branch of the facial nerve. It acts draw the hyoid bone upwards and backwards.
Structure
The stylohyoid is a slender muscle.{{Citation |last=Rea |first=Paul |title=Chapter 2 - Head |date=2016-01-01 |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128036334000028 |work=Essential Clinically Applied Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System in the Head and Neck |pages=21–130 |editor-last=Rea |editor-first=Paul |access-date=2020-11-11 |publisher=Academic Press |language=en |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-803633-4.00002-8 |isbn=978-0-12-803633-4}} It is directed inferoanteriorly from its origin towards its insertion.{{Cite book |last=Standring |first=Susan |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1201341621 |title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice |year=2020 |isbn=978-0-7020-7707-4 |edition=42nd |location=New York |pages=581 |oclc=1201341621}}
It is perforated near its insertion by the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle.
= Origin =
The muscle arises from the posterior surface of the temporal styloid process; it arises near the base of the process. It arises by a small tendon of origin.
= Insertion =
The muscle inserts onto the body of hyoid bone at the junction of the body and greater cornu.
The site of insertion is situated immediately superior to that of the superior belly of omohyoid muscle.
= Vasculature =
The stylohyoid muscle receives arterial supply branches of the facial artery, posterior auricular artery, and occipital artery.
= Innervation =
The stylohyoid muscle receives motor innervation from the stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII).
= Relations =
The muscle is situated anterosuperior to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle.
=Variation=
It may be absent or doubled. It may be situated medial to the carotid artery. It may insert suprahyoid muscles of infrahyoid muscles.
= Actions/movements =
Function
Additional images
File:Gray137.png|Left temporal bone. Outer surface.
File:Gray186.png|Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged.
File:Gray507.png|Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
File:Stylohyoideus.png|Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side.
File:Slide6aaa.JPG|Stylohyoid muscle
File:Slide18aaa.JPG|Stylohyoid muscle
See also
References
{{Gray's}}
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{SUNYAnatomyFigs|34|02|04}}
{{Muscles of neck}}
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