Subaru FA engine#FA24F
{{Infobox automobile engine
| image = Subaru BRZ engine (20413082204).jpg
| name = Subaru FA engine
| manufacturer = Subaru
| type = flat-4
| production = 2012–present
| predecessor = Subaru FB engine (parent)
| valvetrain = DOHC 4 valves x cyl. with AVCS
| turbocharger = Optional with intercooler
| coolingsystem = Water-cooled
| fuelsystem = Fuel injection, Direct injection
| fueltype = Petrol/gasoline
| compression = 10.6:1, 12.5:1
| displacement = {{ubl
| FA20: {{cvt|1998|cc|L|1|disp=flip}}
| FA24: {{cvt|2387|cc|L|1|disp=flip}}
}}
| bore = {{ubl
| {{cvt|86|mm|2}} (FA20)
| {{cvt|94|mm|2}} (FA24)
}}
| stroke = {{cvt|86|mm|2}}
| power = {{cvt|200–300|PS|kW hp|0}}
| torque = {{cvt|{{cvt|20.9|–|40.8|kgm|Nm|0|disp=number}}|Nm|lbft kgm|0}}
| redline = 6700–7400 rpm
}}
The Subaru FA engine is a gasoline boxer-4 engine used in Subaru and Toyota automobiles. It is a derivative of the FB engine, with efforts to reduce weight while maintaining durability as the main design goals. Although the FA and FB engines share a common platform, the FA shares very little in dedicated parts with the FB engine, with a different block, head, connecting rods, and pistons.
Development
The FA series engine was developed for the Subaru BRZ and the first FA engine, the FA20D, was designed to be mounted as low as possible and to minimize the polar moment of the chassis to improve dynamic response and handling.{{cite press release |url=https://www.media.subaru-global.com/en/news/1091 |title=Subaru BRZ Concept — STI — to Debut at Los Angeles Auto Show |date=16 November 2011 |publisher=Subaru Global |accessdate=28 February 2018}}{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2013-subaru-brz-sports-car-first-drive-review |title=2013 Subaru BRZ |author=Gall, Jared |date=December 2011 |magazine=Car and Driver |accessdate=28 February 2018}} The FA engine features a shallower oil pan and shorter intake manifold to reduce overall engine height compared to the Subaru FB engine.{{cite press release |url=https://www.media.subaru-global.com/en/news/1084 |title=Subaru Unveils "SUBARU BRZ" |date=30 November 2011 |publisher=Subaru Global |accessdate=28 February 2018}} The FA and FB engines share few parts.
A direct injection-only turbo variant of the FA20, the FA20F, was introduced in late 2012 with the 2012 Legacy GT (for the Japanese market) and in the United States, the 2014 model year Subaru Forester. Compression ratio for the turbo engine falls to 10.6:1 from 12.5:1 for the FA20D. A revised variant of the FA20F was introduced for the 2015 model year Subaru WRX; in this application, the camshafts, rocker arms, boost pressure, intercooler, and exhaust were revised to increase peak output.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/2015-subaru-wrx-official-photos-and-info |title=2015 Subaru WRX: Rex Who's Back? |author=Tate, James |date=November 2013 |magazine=Car and Driver |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
FA20
Compared to the FB20 engine, which is undersquare with an {{cvt|84|×|90|mm|2}} bore and stroke for {{cvt|1995|cc|L|1|disp=flip}} swept displacement, the FA20 is perfectly square with an {{cvt|86|×|86|mm|2}} bore and stroke for {{cvt|1998|cc|L|1|disp=flip}} swept displacement. The {{cvt|86|mm|2}} bore and stroke are also reminders of the heritage Toyota model AE86.
Common parameters for all FA20 variants:
- Displacement: {{cvt|1998|cc|L|1|disp=flip}}
- Bore: {{cvt|86|mm|2}}
- Stroke: {{cvt|86|mm|2}}
=FA20D=
The FA20D features both direct and port injection (Toyota's D-4S injection system) and Subaru AVCS variable valve timing system. It is used in the Subaru BRZ, and is identified by a Toyota engine family code known as the 4U-GSE, which is installed in the Toyota 86 and the Scion FR-S.{{cite web |url=http://www.autoweek.com/article/20111129/TOKYO/111129910 |title=Subaru shows production version of the BRZ |author=Mark Vaughn |publisher=Autoweek.com |access-date=2018-02-28 |archive-date=2011-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203031801/http://www.autoweek.com/article/20111129/TOKYO/111129910 |url-status=dead }} According to Subaru, 0W-20 oil is recommended.
Wards Auto put the FA20D on their "10 Best Engines" list for 2013.{{cite web |url=http://wardsauto.com/technology/high-revving-subaru-boxer-engine-crowd-pleaser |title=High-Revving Subaru Boxer Engine Is Crowd Pleaser |author=Witzenburg, Gary |date=4 February 2013 |work=Wards Auto |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- Compression Ratio: 12.5:1
- Application: 2012–2016 Subaru BRZ/Toyota GT86
- Power: {{cvt|197|hp|kW PS|0}} at 7,000 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|151|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 6,400–6,600 RPM
- Application: 2017–2020 Subaru BRZ/Toyota GT86 (manual transmission){{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2017-subaru-brz-manual-test-review |title=2017 Subaru BRZ Manual |author=Jacquot, Josh |date=October 2016 |magazine=Car and Driver |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- Power: {{cvt|205|hp|kW PS|0}} at 7,000 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|156|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 6,400 RPM
=FA20F=
File:Subaru Levorg FA20 DIT engine at the Tokyo Motor Show 2013.jpg
A version with Subaru's own direct fuel injection and twin-scroll turbocharger was introduced in 2012.{{cite press release |url=https://www.subaru.co.jp/en/news/archives/press/2012/12_05_08e.html |title=Subaru Legacy and Outback in Japan to Receive Minor Facelift; Fitted with New Generation 2.5 litre NA and 2.0 liter Direct Injection Turbo Boxer Engines |date=8 May 2012 |publisher=Fuji Heavy Industries, Ltd. |accessdate=28 February 2018}} Also known as the FA20DIT. The FA20F was named to the Wards Auto "10 best engines" list in 2015{{cite news |url=http://wardsauto.com/technology/subaru-s-lightweight-boxer-punches-above-weight |title=Subaru's Lightweight Boxer Punches Above Weight |author=Witzenburg, Gary |date=9 July 2015 |work=Wards Auto |accessdate=28 February 2018}} and 2016.{{cite news |url=http://wardsauto.com/10-best-engines/2016-winner-subaru-20l-turbocharged-dohc-h-4 |title=2016 Winner: Subaru 2.0L Turbocharged DOHC H-4 |author=Murphy, Tom |date=7 January 2016 |work=Wards Auto |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- Compression Ratio: 10.6:1{{cite web|title=FA20 DIT Engine Specs|url=http://www.comeanddriveit.com/specs/fa20dit|website=Come and Drive It|accessdate=12 March 2018}}
- Assembly: Oizumi, Japan
- Firing Order: 1-3-2-4
- 2012–2014 JDM Subaru Legacy 2.0GT DIT, 2014–2020 Subaru Levorg and 2015–2021 JDM {{ill|Subaru WRX S4|ja|スバル・WRX VA|vertical-align=sup}}
- Power: {{cvt|296|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|295|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–4,800 RPM
- 2014–2018 USDM Subaru Forester badged as Forester XT:
- Power: {{cvt|250|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|258|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–4,800 RPM
- 2014–2018 JDM Subaru Forester badged as Forester XT:
- Power: {{cvt|276|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|258|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–5,200 rpm
- 2015–2021 USDM Subaru WRX:
- Power: {{cvt|268|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|258|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–5,200 RPM
- Rev Limit: 6700 RPM
FA24
Common parameters for all FA24 variants:
- Displacement: {{cvt|2387|cc|L|1|disp=flip}}
- Bore: {{cvt|94|mm|2}}
- Stroke: {{cvt|86|mm|2}}
=FA24F=
The FA24F was introduced in 2018 initially for the 2019 model year Subaru Ascent. The bore is increased compared to prior FA20 engines, increasing displacement to {{cvt|2387|cc|L|1|disp=flip}}.{{cite web |url=http://www.thedrive.com/news/18562/meet-subarus-new-fa24-boxer-engine |title=Meet Subaru's new FA24 engine |author=Gilboy, James |date=16 February 2018 |website=The Drive |accessdate=27 February 2018}} The engine has an all aluminum head and block in order to keep weight and warm-up times low. Direct injection and a turbocharger are used to provide output comparable to a 6-cylinder naturally aspirated engine, and the FA24 uses "regular" (87 AKI) fuel.{{cite press release |url=https://www.media.subaru-global.com/en/news/2525 |title=Subaru debuts all-new Ascent 3-row SUV |date=29 November 2017 |publisher=Subaru |accessdate=1 March 2018}} At the 2019 Chicago Auto Show, Subaru unveiled the 2020 model year Subaru Legacy sedan, available starting in fall 2019 and featuring the FA24 as the uplevel engine option.{{cite press release |url=https://www.subaru.co.jp/press/news-en/2019_02_08_6884/ |title=World Premier of all-new 2020 Subaru Legacy sedan |date=February 8, 2019 |publisher=Subaru |accessdate=4 April 2019}} The 2020 model year Subaru Outback also featured the FA24 as the uplevel option.{{cite press release |url=https://www.subaru.co.jp/press/news-en/2019_04_18_7147/ |title=World Premier of All-New 2020 Subaru Outback |date=April 17, 2019 |publisher=Subaru Corporation |accessdate=17 April 2019}}
- Compression Ratio: 10.6:1
- 2019+ USDM Subaru Ascent, 2020+ USDM Subaru Legacy badged as Legacy XT and Sport, 2020+ USDM Subaru Outback badged as Outback XT, and 2022+ USDM Subaru Outback badged as Outback Wilderness
- Power: {{cvt|260|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|277|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–4,800 RPM
- 2022+ Global Subaru WRX, 2022+ Global Subaru Levorg badged as WRX Sportswagon/WRX GT
- Power: {{cvt|271|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|258|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–4,800 RPM
- 2022+ JDM Subaru WRX{{Cite web |title=グレード・価格 {{!}} WRX S4 {{!}} SUBARU |url=https://www.subaru.jp/wrx/s4/grade/index?=view_menu#pdf_area |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=WRX S4 |language=ja}}, 2022+ JDM Subaru Levorg badged as STi Sport R{{Cite web |title=グレード・価格 {{!}} レヴォーグ {{!}} SUBARU |url=https://www.subaru.jp/levorg/levorg/grade/index?=view_menu#pdf_area |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=レヴォーグ |language=ja}}
- Power: {{cvt|271|hp|kW PS|0}} at 5,600 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|277|lbft|Nm kgm|0}} at 2,000–4,800 RPM
=FA24D<!--D suffix is conjecture for now, as Subaru have not officially named the new BRZ engine-->=
File:Toyota GR86 RZ (3BA-ZN8) (3).jpg
Like the preceding FA20D, the FA24D uses the Toyota D-4S fuel injection system, which combines direct and port injection. It has the same displacement as the FA24F turbocharged engine with an identical 94×86 mm bore and stroke, but the compression level is increased to 12.5:1.{{cite press release |url=https://www.media.subaru-global.com/en/news/3032 |title=World Premier of All-New Subaru BRZ |date=November 18, 2020 |publisher=Subaru Global Media |access-date=5 April 2021}}{{cite press release |url=https://www.media.subaru-global.com/ja/news/3083 |title=～トヨタともっといいクルマづくりを追求し、「誰もが愉しめる究極のFRピュアスポーツカー」へ進化～ |trans-title=Pursuing better car manufacturing with Toyota, evolving into 'the ultimate FR pure sports car that everyone can enjoy' |date=April 5, 2021 |publisher=Subaru Global Media |access-date=5 April 2021}} Fitting the existing FA24F, with its bottom-mounted turbo, to the second generation Subaru BRZ/Toyota 86 would have required raising the price and overall center of gravity, so natural aspiration was chosen instead. The torque curve was revised, with peak torque coming at a lower engine speed in the FA24D, and without the significant torque decrease between 3,000 and 5,000 RPM exhibited by the FA20D, which resulted from tuning that engine for fuel economy.{{cite news |url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/news/a34713222/why-2022-subaru-brz-isnt-turbo-fa24-tech/ |title=Why the 2022 Subaru BRZ Still Isn't Turbocharged |author=Perkins, Chris |date=November 18, 2020 |work=Road & Track |access-date=5 April 2021}} In addition, an oil cooler has been added to the engine.{{cite web |url=https://www.subaru.jp/brz/brz/special/file/subarubrz_japanpremierebook2021.pdf#page=6 |title=Japan Premiere 2021: Subaru BRZ |date=2021 |publisher=Subaru Corporation |author=Ohto, Yasuhiro |access-date=5 April 2021 }} One important difference is that the 2022 Toyota GR86 engine requires an oil that meets the ILSAC GF-5 standard while the 2023 GR86 engine requires ILSAC GF-6A, while in markets like Australia the 2022 Subaru BRZ still allows ILSAC GF-5 and additionally allows older ACEA A3 and A5.{{cite web |url=https://www.searchforparts.com/gr86-oil-type-filter-and-capacity/|title=What is the GR86 Oil Type, Filter, and Capacity? (2022 and 2023)|date=2023 |publisher=SearchForParts|access-date=12 February 2023}}{{cite web |url=https://www.gr86.org/threads/oil-brands-what-are-you-running.7820/page-2#post-125896|title=Oil Brands: What are you running?|date=2023 |publisher=GR86.org|access-date=28 June 2023}}
- Compression Ratio: 12.5:1
- 2022+ Subaru BRZ/Toyota GR86
- Power: {{cvt|228|–|234|hp|kW PS|0|order=flip}}{{cite web|title=Australian Subaru BRZ Specs|url=https://www.subaru.com.au/brz/specs|website=Subaru Australia|accessdate=13 June 2022}}{{ref label|id4|note|none}} at 7,000 RPM
- Torque: {{cvt|250|Nm|kgm lbft|1}} at 3,700 RPM
:{{note label|id4||none}}The engine is fitted with an additional carbon filter in some regions which slightly restricts the intake.
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Subaru FA engines}}
({{langx|ja|{{ill|Subaru FA engine|ja|スバル・FA型エンジン|vertical-align=sup}}}})
- {{cite news |url=https://car.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/1026907.html |title=「スバル歴史講座」で語られたスバルのクルマづくりの原点と水平対向エンジン開発 |trans-title=Subaru car design philosophy and boxer engine development at the "Subaru History Course" |author=Fukada, Masayuki |date=27 October 2016 |work=Car Watch |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- {{cite web |url=https://www.subaru-global.com/technology/performance/drivetrain_boxerengine.html |title=Technology: Performance — The Subaru Boxer Engine |publisher=Subaru Global |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- {{cite web |url=https://www.subaru.com.au/subaru-dna/subaru-engine-range |title=What's The Difference Between Subaru Engines? |publisher=Subaru of Australia |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- {{cite web |url=https://www.revvolution.com/blog/2014/03/tearing-down-and-assessing-the-fa20-4u-gse |title=Tearing Down and Assessing the FA20 & 4U-GSE |author=Hannon, Brian |date=6 March 2014 |publisher=Revvolution |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- {{cite magazine |url=http://dsportmag.com/the-tech/tomei-powered-dissects-the-fa20-flat-four/ |title=TOMEI POWERED Dissects the FA20 {{!}} Flat Four |magazine=DSport |accessdate=28 February 2018}}
- {{cite web|title=FA20 DIT Engine Specs|url=http://www.comeanddriveit.com/specs/fa20dit|website=Come and Drive It|accessdate=12 March 2018}}
{{subaru}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Subaru Fa Engine}}