Suleiman Aga

File:Vandal.plate.II.a.png, to the rightVandal, 1900, p. [https://archive.org/details/sc_0000495907_00000001125595/page/n48/mode/1up 25]]]

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Müteferrika Süleyman Ağa, known as Suleiman Aga and Soleiman Agha in France, was an Ottoman ambassador to the French king Louis XIV in 1669. When Suleiman visited Versailles, he wore a simple wool coat and refused to bow to Louis XIV,[https://books.google.com/books?id=cc0tUyvoYfkC&pg=PA247 Bernstein, p.247] who immediately banished him from Versailles to Paris.

In Paris, Suleiman set up a house where he was credited for introducing coffee drinking to the Parisian society, with waiters dressed in Ottoman style, starting the fashion for coffee-drinking.[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/16/books/chapters/1st-starbucked.html?pagewanted=3&ref=arts New York Times Starbucked, 16 December 2007] Suleiman invited Parisian society women to his home for extravagant "coffee ceremonies", which were imitated throughout Parisian high society.

Suleiman's activities in Paris were a trigger for the popularity of Turquerie and Orientalism in early modern France, in which Turkish fashions of the time such as turbans and caftans and decorations such as carpets and cushions became highly popular.[https://books.google.com/books?id=m1nAT7g7iysC&pg=PA87&hl=en Bound together by Nayan Chanda p.87]

The first French coffee shop, the Café Procope, opened in 1689, 17 years after Suleiman's famed visit.