Sulforhodamine 101

{{Short description|Red fluorescent dye}}

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| ImageFile = Sulforhodamine 101 structure.png

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| CASNo = 60311-02-6

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| UNII = FX0ES3271V

| PubChem = 122180

| SMILES = [O-]S(C(C=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1)=C1C2=C(C=C3C4=C5CCCN4CCC3)C5=[O+]C6=C(CCCN7CCC8)C7=C8C=C62)(=O)=O

| Beilstein = 3582548

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| C=31 | H=30 | S=2 | N=2 | O=7

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Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) is a red fluorescent dye. In neurophysiological experiments which comprise calcium imaging methods, it can be used for a counterstaining of astrocytes to be able to analyze data from neurons separately.{{cite journal

| author = Nimmerjahn, A. | author2 = Kirchhoff, F. | author3 = Kerr, J.N. | author4 = Helmchen, F.| title = Sulforhodamine 101 as a specific marker of astroglia in the neocortex in vivo | journal = Nature Methods | date = 2004 | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–7 | pmid = 15782150 | doi = 10.1038/nmeth706| s2cid = 2073853 }}{{closed access}} However, in addition to labeling astrocytes, SR101 labels myelinating oligodendrocytes.{{cite journal

| author = Hill, R.A. | author2 = Grutzendler, J.| title = In vivo imaging of oligodendrocytes with sulforhodamine 101 | journal = Nature Methods | date = 2014 | volume = 11 | issue = 11 | pages = 1081–1082 | pmid = 25357236 | doi = 10.1038/nmeth.3140 | pmc=4539948}}{{closed access}} SR101 has been reported to affect excitability of neurons and should therefore be used with caution.{{cite journal

| display-authors = 4 | author = Kang, J. | author2 = Kang N. | author3 = Yu, Y. | author4 = Zhang, J. | author5 = Petersen, N. | author6 = Tian G.-F. | author7 = Nedergaard, M. | title = Sulforhodamine 101 induces long-term potentiation of intrinsic excitability and synaptic efficacy in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons |journal = Neuroscience | date = 2010 | volume = 169 | issue = 4 | pages = 1601–1609 | pmid = 20600669 | doi = 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.06.020 | pmc = 2918738 }}

A sulfonyl chloride derivative of sulforhodamine 101, known as Texas Red, is used for conjugation to a number of functional groups, especially primary amines.