Sultan of Johor
{{Short description|Sovereign ruler state of Johor}}
{{about|the office of the Sultan of Johor|the history of the Johor Sultanate|Johor Sultanate|the modern Johor state|Johor}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox monarchy
| border = state
| royal_title = Sultan
| realm = Johor
| native_name = Sultan and Yang-di Pertuan of the State of Johor, The Abode of Dignity and its dependencies
{{lang|ms|Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Yang di-Pertuan bagi Negeri dan Jajahan Takluk Johor Darul Takzim}}
{{Script/Arabic|سلطان يڠ دڤرتوان باڬي نڬري دان ججهن تعلوق جوهر دارالتعظيم}}
| type = other
| coatofarms = BenderaSultanJohor.svg
| coatofarms_article =
| image = Sultan Ibrahim Ismail (48400998097) (cropped).jpg
| incumbent = Sultan Ibrahim,
Sultan of Johor
| incumbentsince = 23 January 2010
| other = coronation 23 March 2015
| his/her = His
| heir_apparent = Tunku Ismail Ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail
| first_monarch = Abu Bakar
| date = {{start date and age|1885}}
| residence = Istana Bukit Serene, Johor Bahru
| website = {{URL|http://royal.johor.my/}}
}}
File:National Museum KL 2008 (106).JPG. The design of this headgear is based on the style of the Split Coconut headdress.]]
The Sultan of Johor (Malay: Sultan Johor; Jawi: {{lang|ms-arab|سلطان جوهر}}) is a hereditary seat and the sovereign ruler of the Malaysian state of Johor. In the past, the sultan held absolute power over the state and was advised by a bendahara. Currently, the role of bendahara has been taken over by first minister (Malay: Menteri Besar) with the constitutional monarchy system via Johor State Constitution. The sultan is the constitutional head of state of Johor. The sultan has his own independent military force, the Royal Johor Military Force (Malay: Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri Johor). The sultan is also the Head of Islam in Johor state.{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/09/27/dressing-down-for-launderette-open-it-to-all-or-just-close-shop-angry-johor-sultan-tells-owner/|title=Dressing down for launderette|author=Wong Chun Wai|work=The Star|date=27 September 2017|access-date=28 June 2018}}
History
The first sultan of Johor was Alauddin Riayat Shah II, who reigned from 1528 to 1564. He was the son of the last Sultan of Malacca, Mahmud Shah. The descendants of the Sultanate of Malacca ruled Johor until the death of Sultan Mahmud II in 1699, when the throne was taken over by Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah IV, marking the start of the House of Bendahara's rule over Johor. Abdul Jalil Shah IV had been a bendahara before the death of Mahmud II.
Abu Bakar who reigned as sultan from 1886 to 1895, was the first sultan of the current ruling dynasty, the House of Temenggong.Nadarajah, Johore and the Origins of British Control, pg 44{{Cite journal |last=Abdullah |first=A. Rahman Tang |date=2011 |title=Sultan Abu Bakar's Foreign Guests and Travels Abroad, 1860s-1895: Fact and Fiction in Early Malay Historical Accounts |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493787 |journal=Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society |volume=84 |issue=1 (300) |pages=1–22 |jstor=41493787 |issn=0126-7353}} His father, Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, managed to consolidate enough power to marginalize Sultan Ali who died in 1877.
= Current office-holder =
The current Sultan of Johor is Ibrahim Ismail Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj, who was proclaimed as the 23rd Sultan of Johor on 23 January 2010 and crowned on 23 March 2015 at the Istana Besar, Johor Bahru. His father, Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi, a great-grandson of Sultan Abu Bakar died on 22 January 2010; the death was announced that night. Ibrahim Ismail, the Tunku Mahkota of Johor (Crown Prince of Johor), was appointed as the Pemangku Raja (Regent) of Johor on the same day. The funeral was held on 23 January after the proclamation of Sultan Ibrahim Ismail.
List of office bearers
= Timeline =
ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:25
PlotArea = top:20 bottom:20 right:10 left:10
AlignBars = late
DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:1528 till:2050
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:30 start:1528
Colors =
id:canvas value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:s value:orange
id:h value:blue
id:sx value:red
id:hx value:green
Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas
BarData =
barset:Rulers
bar:s
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 width:25 shift:(4,-3)
bar:s color:s
from: 1528 till: 1699 color:s text:Malacca-Johor dynasty
from: 1699 till: 1720 color:h text:
from: 1718 till: 1722 color:sx text:
from: 1722 till: 1855 color:h text:Bendahara dynasty
from: 1886 till: 2022 color:hx text:Temenggong dynasty
width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
barset:Rulers
from: start till: 1564 color:s text:"Alauddin Riayat Shah II" fontsize:9
from: 1564 till: 1570 color:s text:"Muzaffar Shah II" fontsize:9
from: 1570 till: 1571 color:s text:"Abdul Jalil Shah I" fontsize:9
from: 1571 till: 1597 color:s text:"Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II" fontsize:9
from: 1597 till: 1615 color:s text:"Alauddin Riayat Shah III" fontsize:9
from: 1615 till: 1623 color:s text:"Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1623 till: 1677 color:s text:"Abdul Jalil Shah III" fontsize:9
from: 1677 till: 1685 color:s text:"Ibrahim Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1685 till: 1699 color:s text:"Mahmud Shah II" fontsize:9
from: 1699 till: 1718 color:h text:"Abdul Jalil Riayat Shah IV" fontsize:9
from: 1718 till: 1722 color:sx text:"Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah (Raja Kechil)" fontsize:9
from: 1722 till: 1760 color:h text:"Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1760 till: 1761 color:h text:"Abdul Jalil Muazzam Shah V" fontsize:9
from: 1761 till: 1770 color:h text:"Ahmad Riayat Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1770 till: 1811 color:h text:"Mahmud Riayat Shah III" fontsize:9
from: 1811 till: 1819 color:h text:"Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah I" fontsize:9
from: 1819 till: 1835 color:h text:"Hussein Muazzam Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1835 till: 1855 color:h text:"Ali Iskandar Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1886 till: 1895 color:hx text:"Abu Bakar Al-Khalil Ibrahim Shah" fontsize:9
from: 1895 till: 1959 color:hx text:"Ibrahim Al-Masyhur" fontsize:9
from: 1959 till: 1981 color:hx text:"Ismail Al-Khalidi" fontsize:9
from: 1981 till: 2010 color:hx text:"Iskandar Al-Mutawakkil Alallah" fontsize:9
from: 2010 till: 2022 color:hx text:"Ibrahim" fontsize:9
Genealogy tree
- Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Daeng Ibrahim l ibni al-Marhum Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun ‘Abdu’l Rahman, Maharaja of Johor
(8 December 1810 – 10 March 1855 – 31 January 1862, ancestor of the sultanal Temenggong dynasty) - Sultan Abu Bakar al-Kharllil Ibrahim Shah ibni al-Marhum Dato’ Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (3 February 1833 – , r.31 January 1862 – 4 June 1895)
- Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar al-Mashur ibni al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar (17 September 1873 –, r.4 June 1895 – 8 May 1959)
- Tunku Muhammad Khallid ibni Tunku Mahkota Ibrahim Iskandar (27 ogos 1870 - 06 June 1881)
- Sultan Ismail al-Kharllil ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim (28 October 1894 – , r.8 May 1959 – 10 May 1981)
- Tunku 'Abdu'l Jalil ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (11 May 1924 – 16 May 1925)
- Tunku 'Abdu'l Rahman ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (29 July – 16 September 1930)
- Paduka Sri Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Al-Haj ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (8 April 1932 – 10 May 1981 – 22 January 2010)
Enche’ Besar Hajjah Kalthom binti ‘Abdu’llah (b. in England, 2 December 1935 – 1 June 2018), née Josephine Ruby Trevorrow - Sultan Ibrahim Ismail ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Iskandar al-Haj (Born 22 November 1958 – enthroned 23 January 2010 – )
Raja Zarith Sofia binti al-Marhum Sultan Idris al-Mutawakil Allah Afifu’llah Shah, princess of Perak (14 August 1959 – ) - Tunku Ismail Idris ‘Abdu’l Majid Abu Bakar Iskandar ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Mahkota (Crown Prince, 30 June 1984 – )
- Tunku Iskandar Abdul Jalil Abu Bakar Ibrahim ibni Tunku Ismail, Raja Muda (14 October 2017 – )[https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/11/22/johor-sultan-appoints-his-grandson-as-raja-muda Johor Sultan appoints his grandson as Raja Muda]
- Tunku Abu Bakar Ibrahim ibni Tunku Ismail, (17 July 2019 – )
- Tunku Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah binti Sultan Ibrahim Ismail (8 April 1986 – )
- Tunku Idris Iskandar Ismail ‘Abdu’l Rahman ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Temenggong (25 December 1987 – )
- Tunku ‘Abdu’l Jalil Iskandar ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Laksamana (5 July 1990 – 5 December 2015){{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/12/05/johor-princes-dies-liver-cancer/|title=Johor prince Tunku Jalil dies of cancer|author=Zazali Musa|work=The Star|date=5 December 2015|access-date=28 June 2018}}
- Tunku ‘Abdu’l Rahman Hassanal Jeffri ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Panglima (5 February 1993 – )
- Tunku ‘Abu Bakar ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Putera (30 May 2001 – )
See also
References
Notes
{{commons category|Monarchs of Johor}}
- Nesalamar Nadarajah, Johore and the Origins of British Control, 1895–1914, Arenabuku, 2000, {{ISBN|967-970-318-5}}
- T. Wignesan, "A Peranakan's View of the fin de siècle monde malais – Na Tian Piet's Endearing syair of Epic Proportions" [partial tranls. with introduction and notes to Na Tian Piet's "Sha'er of the late Sultan Abu Bakar (of Johor)"]in The Gombak Review, Vol. 4,N° 2 (International Islamic University Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 1999, pp. 101–121.
- T. Wignesan. Sporadic Striving amid Echoed Voices, Mirrored Images and Stereotypic Posturing in Malaysian-Singaporean Literatures. Allahabad: Cyberwit.net, 2008, pp. 196–218. {{ISBN|978-81-8253-120-8}}
{{Sultans and Yang di-Pertua Negeri}}
{{Johor}}
{{Portal bar|Malaysia|Monarchy|Royalty}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sultans of Johor}}