Supreme Political Council#Government of Change and Construction (2024-Present)

File:Houthi movement (orthographic projection).svg controlled by the Houthiس shown in dark green]]In the wake of president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and prime minister Khaled Bahah resignations over Houthi rebels takeover of presidential palace in January 2015, Houthi leader Abdul Malik Al Houthi reportedly proposed a six-member "transitional presidential council" which would have equal representation from north and south, although this proposal was rejected by the Southern Movement.{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/01/yemen-houthis-hold-boycotted-talks-single-party-150130225551929.html|title=Yemen's Houthis hold boycotted talks with single party|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-date=7 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907113336/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/01/yemen-houthis-hold-boycotted-talks-single-party-150130225551929.html|url-status=live}} Nevertheless, on 1 February, the Houthis gave an ultimatum to Yemen's political factions warning that if they did not reach a solution to the current political crisis, then the Houthi "revolutionary leadership" would assume formal authority over the state.{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/02/houthis-set-deadline-resolve-yemen-crisis-150201162733824.html|agency=Al Jazeera|title=Houthis set deadline to resolve Yemen crisis|date=1 February 2015|access-date=2 February 2015|archive-date=7 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907113103/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/02/houthis-set-deadline-resolve-yemen-crisis-150201162733824.html|url-status=live}} According to Reuters, political factions have agreed to form an interim presidential council to manage the country for up to one year. Former South Yemen president Ali Nasser Mohammed was originally being considered as a prospective interim leader, but Mohammed later declined the post.{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/yemeni-parties-agree-form-presidential-council-despite-missing-deadline-report-1806232|title=Yemeni Parties Agree To Form Presidential Council Despite Missing Deadline: Report|website=International Business Times|date=5 February 2015|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-date=18 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218025529/http://www.ibtimes.com/yemeni-parties-agree-form-presidential-council-despite-missing-deadline-report-1806232|url-status=live}}

On 6 February 2015, the Houthis formally assumed over authority in Sanaa, declaring the dissolution of House of Representatives and announced that a "presidential council" would be formed to lead Yemen for two years, while a "revolutionary committee" would be put in charge of forming a new, 551-member national council.{{Cite web|url = https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/06/houthis-yemen-takeover_n_6630070.html|title = HuffPost – Breaking News, U.S. And World News|website = HuffPost|access-date = 18 February 2020|archive-date = 6 February 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150206171011/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/06/houthis-yemen-takeover_n_6630070.html|url-status = live}} This governance plan was later affirmed by Houthi Ansarullah politburo leader Saleh Ali al-Sammad as he said that national council would choose a five-member presidential council to govern the country.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/11/world/middleeast/yemen-houthi-leader-pledges-to-pursue-power-sharing-accord.html|title=U.S. Embassy Shuts in Yemen, Even as Militant Leader Reaches Out|first1=Rod|last1=Nordland|first2=Shuaib|last2=Almosawa|newspaper=The New York Times|date=10 February 2015|access-date=3 March 2017|archive-date=18 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218063956/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/11/world/middleeast/yemen-houthi-leader-pledges-to-pursue-power-sharing-accord.html|url-status=live}}

{{Politics of Yemen}}

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs lists the following members of the SPC:{{cite web |title=Supreme Political Council |url=https://mofa.gov.ye/?page_id=1056 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=10 February 2023 |archive-date=10 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210060534/https://mofa.gov.ye/?page_id=1056 |url-status=live }}

On 10 August 2024, Ahmed al-Rahawi was appointed as Prime Minister of Yemen and tasked with forming a ministry known as the 'Government of Change and Construction' by the President of the Supreme Political Council Mahdi al-Mashat.{{cite web|access-date=2024-08-12 |archive-date=2024-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810161246/https://www.saba.ye/ar/news3357644.htm |date=2024-08-10 |website=www.saba.ye |language=ar |title=رئيس المجلس السياسي الأعلى يصدر قرارا بتكليف أحمد الرهوي بتشكيل حكومة التغيير والبناء |url=https://www.saba.ye/ar/news3357644.htm}} Two days later the composition of the new government was announced in a presidential resolution.{{Cite web |date=2024-08-12 |title=إعلان التشكيلة الجديدة لحكومة صنعاء (أسماء الوزراء) - يمن ايكو |trans-title=Announcing the new composition of the Sana'a government (names of ministers) |url=https://yemeneco.org/archives/87574 |access-date=2024-12-09 |language=ar}} On August 18, 2024 the House of Representatives (San'aa) gave confidence to the government and called on it to follow a 36-point 'general program' prepared by a house of representatives special committee.{{cite web|access-date=2024-08-18 |date=2024-08-18 |website=www.saba.ye |language=ar |title=مجلس النواب يوافق على برنامج الحكومة ويمنحها الثقة |url=https://www.saba.ye/ar/news3360123.htm}} The government and SPC continues to be internationally unrecognised in comparison with the Presidential Leadership Council (PLC).{{cite web|access-date=2024-08-18 |archive-date=5 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205215612/https://www.independentarabia.com/node/545581/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%B6-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86 |date=2024-02-05 |title=تعيين أحمد عوض بن مبارك رئيسا للحكومة الشرعية في اليمن {{!}} اندبندنت عربية |url=https://www.independentarabia.com/node/545581/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%B6-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86 |url-status=bot: unknown}}

On 2 October 2016, Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour was appointed as prime minister by the Houthis. On 4 October, he formed his cabinet.{{cite web|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/world/a/32803972/yemen-rebels-form-rival-government/|title=Yemen rebels form rival government|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005130720/https://au.news.yahoo.com/world/a/32803972/yemen-rebels-form-rival-government/|archive-date=5 October 2016}} The cabinet was composed of members of the Southern Movement.{{cite web|url=https://en.qantara.de/content/yemen-rebels-form-rival-government|title=Yemen rebels form rival government|date=5 October 2016 |access-date=4 December 2016|archive-date=12 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012002110/https://en.qantara.de/content/yemen-rebels-form-rival-government|url-status=live}} However, the cabinet is not internationally recognized.{{cite web|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/yemen/un-rejects-yemen-rebels-bid-to-form-government-1.1907487|title=UN rejects Yemen rebels' bid to form government|date=5 October 2016|publisher=Gulf News|access-date=4 December 2016|archive-date=16 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016193858/http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/yemen/un-rejects-yemen-rebels-bid-to-form-government-1.1907487|url-status=live}}

On 28 November 2016, a new cabinet was formed.{{cite web|url=https://www.sabanews.net/en/news448091.htm|title=Saba Net – Yemen news agency|access-date=4 December 2016|archive-date=29 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129210131/https://www.sabanews.net/en/news448091.htm|url-status=live}} It is only composed by members of pro-Saleh GPC and the Ansarullah Movement.

However, the UN Special Envoy for Yemen Ismail Ould Cheikh Ahmed said the move was "a new and unnecessary obstacle. Yemen is at a critical juncture. The actions recently taken by Ansarullah and the General People's Congress will only complicate the search for a peaceful solution. The parties must hold Yemen’s national interests above narrow partisan ambitions and take immediate steps to end political divisions and address the country’s security, humanitarian and economic challenges." He further claimed that such an action could harm peace talks.{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/note-correspondents/2016-11-29/note-correspondents-statement-attributable-secretary|title=Note to Correspondents – Statement attributable to the Secretary General's Special Envoy for Yemen Ismail Ould Cheikh Ahmed|access-date=25 August 2021|archive-date=25 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825063132/https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/note-correspondents/2016-11-29/note-correspondents-statement-attributable-secretary|url-status=live}}

On 27 October 2020, the Minister of Youth and Sport Hassan Mohammed Zaid was shot dead by unknown gunmen in the capital Sanaa.{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-yemen-security-idUKKBN27C1E9|title=Houthi official gunned down in Yemeni capital|author=Staff|publisher=Reuters|date=27 October 2020|access-date=27 October 2020|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027123832/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-yemen-security-idUKKBN27C1E9|url-status=dead}}

On 27 September 2023 the National Salvation Government was dismissed and replaced by a caretaker government, Habtour continued as caretaker prime minister before being elevated to the SPC in 2024.

{{Self-published|date=September 2024}}

The Supreme Political Council currently only has diplomatic relations with Iran. Relations with Ba'athist Syria existed between 2015 and 2023. Additionally, the government has diplomatic contacts with Russia, Abkhazia and North Korea. In 2015, The Wall Street Journal reported that the government would seek contacts with China, Iran and Russia.{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/yemens-houthis-seek-iran-russia-and-china-ties-1425664867|title=Yemen's Houthis Seek Iran, Russia and China Ties|date=6 March 2015|publisher=Wall Street Journal|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=29 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429110938/https://www.wsj.com/articles/yemens-houthis-seek-iran-russia-and-china-ties-1425664867|url-status=live}} In 2016, a National Salvation government official had invited several North Korean diplomats to Damascus.{{cite web|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1350851/world|title=North Korea trying to sell weapons to Houthis, secret UN report reveals|date=4 August 2018|publisher=Arab News|access-date=24 March 2021|archive-date=24 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324055348/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1350851/world|url-status=live}} The same year, a delegation of the National Salvation government visited Russia and met the Russian Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs.{{cite web|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161215-russia-receives-yemen-houthi-delegation/|title=Russia receives Yemen Houthi delegation|date=15 December 2016|publisher=Middle East Monitor|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=18 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618184702/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161215-russia-receives-yemen-houthi-delegation/|url-status=live}} In 2017, Foreign Minister Hisham Sharaf Abdullah met with the chargés d’affaires of the Russian and the Syrian Embassy in Sanaa.{{cite web|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20170125-russia-envoy-meets-with-top-houthi-diplomat-in-yemen/|title=Russia envoy meets with top Houthi diplomat in Yemen|date=25 January 2017|publisher=Middle East Monitor|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=12 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412150153/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20170125-russia-envoy-meets-with-top-houthi-diplomat-in-yemen/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://sana.sy/en/?p=120953|title=Yemeni Foreign Minister, charge d'affaires of Syrian Embassy in Sanaa discuss developments in two countries|date=11 December 2017|publisher=SANA|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203022355/http://sana.sy/en/?p=120953|url-status=live}} In August 2019, the National Salvation government appointed an Ambassador to Tehran.{{cite web|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/article/46648/|title=Yemen Huthi rebels appoint 'ambassador' in Tehran|date=18 August 2019|publisher=Zaman Alwsl|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203003813/https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/article/46648/|url-status=live}} In early 2020, the Saba News Agency reported that Hisham Sharaf Abdullah called China a "friendly government".{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3086729.htm|title=FM announces Yemen's solidarity with China|date=3 February 2020|publisher=SABA|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=28 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828183512/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3086729.htm|url-status=live}} In October 2020, Iran appointed Hasan Irlu as its ambassador to Sanaa.{{cite web|url=https://thearabweekly.com/new-ambassador-sanaa-signals-irans-ambitions-yemen|title=New 'ambassador' in Sana'a signals Iran's ambitions in Yemen|work=AW |date=18 October 2020|publisher=The Arab Weekly|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=28 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128023144/https://thearabweekly.com/new-ambassador-sanaa-signals-irans-ambitions-yemen|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://insidearabia.com/irans-new-ambassador-to-sanaa-signals-prolonged-war-in-yemen/|title=Iran's New Ambassador to Sanaa Signals Prolonged War in Yemen|date=30 October 2020|publisher=Inside Arabia|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624025427/https://insidearabia.com/irans-new-ambassador-to-sanaa-signals-prolonged-war-in-yemen/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2020/10/17/Iran-posts-ambassador-in-Houthi-held-Yemeni-capital|title=Iran posts ambassador in Houthi-held Yemeni capital|date=17 October 2020|publisher=Al Arabiya|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512111200/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2020/10/17/Iran-posts-ambassador-in-Houthi-held-Yemeni-capital|url-status=live}} Two months later, the United States sanctioned the Iranian Ambassador to Sanaa.{{cite web|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/fresh-u-s-sanctions-target-iranian-envoy-to-yemen-s-huthi-rebels/30990762.html|title=Fresh U.S. Sanctions Target Iranian Envoy To Yemen's Huthi Rebels|date=8 December 2020|publisher=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=27 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127013407/https://www.rferl.org/a/fresh-u-s-sanctions-target-iranian-envoy-to-yemen-s-huthi-rebels/30990762.html|url-status=live}} In August 2020, the National Salvation government appointed an Ambassador to Damascus.{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3116245.htm|title=New ambassador to Syria sworn in before President|date=15 November 2020|publisher=SABA|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=24 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824120703/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3116245.htm|url-status=live}} In March 2021, the National Salvation government appointed Ambassador in Damascus met with the Abkhaz Ambassador to Syria.{{cite web|url=http://mfaapsny.org/en/allnews/news/embassies/bagrat-khutaba-vstretilsya-s-poslom-yemena-v-sirii-/|title=Bagrat Khutaba met with the Ambassador of Yemen to Syria|date=15 March 2021|publisher=Abkhaz Foreign Ministry|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=16 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416121627/http://mfaapsny.org/en/allnews/news/embassies/bagrat-khutaba-vstretilsya-s-poslom-yemena-v-sirii-/|url-status=live}} In October 2023, Syria expelled representatives of the National Salvation government from the Yemeni embassy in Damascus.{{cite news|work=Arab News|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2390246/middle-east|date=12 October 2023|title=Syria expels Houthi 'diplomatic mission' in Damascus|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=1 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101052143/https://www.arabnews.com/node/2390246/middle-east|url-status=live}}

The President, the Parliament Speaker and the Foreign Minister of the National Salvation government have sent numerous diplomatic notes to a wide range of countries such as Algeria,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147462.htm|title=Parliament speaker congratulates Algerian counterpart|date=11 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102226/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147462.htm|url-status=live}} Bahamas,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147157.htm|title=FM congratulates counterpart in Bahamas on National Day|date=8 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102223/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147157.htm|url-status=live}}

Comoros,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3146925.htm|title=President Al-Mashat congratulates Comoros' President on National Day|date=6 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=23 July 2021|archive-date=23 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723065734/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3146925.htm|url-status=live}} Kiribati,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147507.htm|title=FM congratulates counterparts in Kiribati, Sao Tome|date=11 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102229/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147507.htm|url-status=live}} Malawi,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3146729.htm|title=Foreign Minister congratulates Comorian, Malawian counterparts|date=5 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102226/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3146729.htm|url-status=live}} Malta,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3109886.htm|title=Foreign Minister congratulates counterparts in Malta, Armenia, Belize on National Days|date=22 September 2020|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102235/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3109886.htm|url-status=live}} Mongolia,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147340.htm|title=FM congratulates Mongolian counterpart|date=10 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102238/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147340.htm|url-status=live}} Montenegro,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147632.htm|title=FM congratulates counterpart in Republic of Montenegro on National Day|date=12 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102232/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147632.htm|url-status=live}} Slovenia,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3145193.htm|title=FM congratulates counterparts in Mozambique, Slovenia|date=24 June 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102226/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3145193.htm|url-status=live}} South Sudan,{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147012.htm|title=FM congratulates counterpart in South Sudan on National Day|date=7 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102223/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3147012.htm|url-status=live}} Venezuela{{cite web|url=https://www.saba.ye/en/news3146621.htm|title=FM congratulates counterparts in Cape Verde, Bolivarian Venezuela|date=4 July 2021|publisher=SABA|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720102223/https://www.saba.ye/en/news3146621.htm|url-status=live}} and Uzbekistan.{{Cite web |last=حلبوب |first=مراد |date=2024-08-31 |title=الرئيس المشاط يهنئ رئيس أوزبكستان بذكرى عيد الاستقلال |url=https://www.26sep.net/index.php/local/86821-2024-08-31-13-25-17 |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=سبتمبر نت |language=ar-aa}}

• Supreme Revolutionary Committee
• Rival government

{{Reflist}}

{{Yemeni Civil War (2015)}}

Category:Houthis

Category:Politics of Yemen

Category:Yemeni crisis

Category:Axis of Resistance

Category:Anti-Israeli sentiment in Yemen