Surrey Police

On 1 January 1851, the Surrey Constabulary began its policing of the county with a total of 70 officers, the youngest of whom was 14 years old.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}} The first Chief Constable was H. C. Hastings, who served in this capacity for 48 years. Originally Guildford, Reigate and Godalming had separate borough police forces. The Reigate and Guildford forces were merged into Surrey's in 1943.

Part of the present force area was originally part of the Metropolitan Police District, and was only transferred to the control of Surrey Police from the Metropolitan Police in 2000. This includes the boroughs of Epsom and Ewell, Spelthorne and part of Reigate and Banstead and Elmbridge. Surrey Police was divided into three divisions but in 2010 became a single division, and in March 2014 was policed by 1,938 regular police officers, in addition to 182 Special Constables and 153 Police Community Support Officers (see table below for more information). Surrey has one of the lowest crime rates in England and Wales. It has now reverted to three area divisions.

For 2017/18, Surrey Police had a total expenditure of £224.1m, of which £183.2m went on employee costs, £27.3m on supplies and services, £8.8m on premises, and £4.8m on transport. It also had £11.1m of income, resulting in "gross expenditure" of £213m.Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner for Surrey. [http://www.surrey-pcc.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Council-Tax-Leaflet5.pdf "Surrey Police Council Tax information - 2017/18"]. Retrieved on 21 April 2017.

File:Woking police station.jpg

Surrey Police has four main divisions: three area divisions, Northern, Eastern, and Western; and a specialist crime/ops division. Within the three division are multiple borough teams. Typically each borough will have a Neighbourhood Specialist Team (formerly they Safer Neighbourhood Team) and a Neighbourhood Policing Team (Formerly the Area Patrol Team/Targeted Patrol Team/Response). These borough teams are supported by investigative teams which span the whole division, this being the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and the Safeguarding Investigation Unit (SIU).

The specialist crime division is often referred to as OPS, and includes specialist units. This being the Roads Policing Unit (RPU), Tactical Firearms Unit (TFU), Specialist Dog Handlers, Crime Scene Investigation Officers (formerly SOCOs).

There are further force wide teams, some of which are now joint teams with Sussex Police, including the Paedophile and OnLine Investigation Team (POLIT), Major Crime Investigation Team (MCIT, Sussex/Surrey Joint team), Sexual Offences Investigation Team (SOIT) and then a range of support services typical of many forces.

In November 2023, Surrey Police announced it would have to move out of Reigate police station due to reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (Raac) being discovered in the building. Repairs are expected to take up to two years to complete. The station will move to the former Surrey Fire and Rescue Service headquarters at Wray Park in the interim.{{cite web |last1=Dale |first1=Bob |title=Police leave station due to concrete fears |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/ckvpzle5dw1o |website=BBC News |date=24 November 2023 |access-date=27 November 2023}}

Notes:

4. Designated Officers that are not PCSOs have one of three roles: investigation officer, detention officer or escort officer.

The first election for Surrey Police and Crime Commissioner took place on 15 November 2012. Kevin Hurley (independent, stood under the label "Zero Tolerance Policing ex Chief"), who was a retired Metropolitan Police borough commander, was elected. He defeated candidates from Labour, the Conservatives, the Liberal Democrats, UKIP, plus an independent.

The second election took place on 5 May 2016. The Conservative candidate, David Munro, was elected. He defeated Jamie Goldrick, independent; Kevin Hurley; Camille Juliff, independent; Howard Kaye, Labour; Paul Kennedy, Liberal Democrat; and Julia Searle, UKIP.BBC News (5 May 2016). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2016-35999971 Surrey PCC elections: Conservatives oust Kevin Hurley]. Retrieved on 5 May 2016.

Lisa Townsend, Conservative, is the current PCC. She was first elected in 2021 and re elected in May 2024.

Chief constables have been:{{cite web|url=https://surrey.police.uk/about-us/history/chief-constables/|title=Chief Constables|publisher=Surrey Police|access-date=12 July 2018|archive-date=12 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712214912/https://surrey.police.uk/about-us/history/chief-constables/|url-status=dead}}

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}

• 1851–1899: Captain Hastings
• 1899–1930: Captain Mowbray Lees Sant
• 1930–1946: Major Geoffrey Nicholson
• 1946–1956: Joseph Simpson (later Sir Joseph Simpson)
• 1956–1968: Herman Rutherford
• 1968–1982: Sir Peter Matthews{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1418178/Sir-Peter-Matthews.html|title=Sir Peter Matthews|date=8 January 2003 |publisher= The Telegraph|access-date= 22 June 2018}}
• 1982–1991: Brian Hayes'HAYES, Sir Brian', Who's Who 2017, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2017; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2016; online edn, Nov 2016 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U19576 accessed 4 Nov 2017]
• 1991–1997: David Williams'WILLIAMS, David John', Who's Who 2017, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2017; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2016; online edn, Nov 2016 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U39942 accessed 4 Nov 2017]
• 1998–2000: Ian Blair
• 2000–2004: Denis O'Connor
• 2004–2008: Robert Quick
• 2009–2011: Mark Rowley
• 2012–2015: Lynne Owens
• 2016–2019: Nick Ephgrave
• 2019–2023: Gavin Stephens
• 2023–present: Tim De Meyer

{{div col end}}

{{See also|Police ranks of the United Kingdom}}

Surrey Police has the following ranks. Every rank from constable to chief superintendent has a detective equivalent. These confer no additional powers or authority from their uniform equivalents.

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}

• Chief constable
• Deputy chief constable
• Assistant chief constable
• Chief superintendent
• Superintendent
• Chief inspector
• Inspector
• Sergeant
• Constable

{{div col end}}

Surrey has air operations covered by the National Police Air Service. The helicopter, call sign NPAS15, which predominately covers the Surrey Policing area is based at Redhill Aerodrome and also covers the Sussex, West Hampshire and Essex Area.

To help celebrate its 150th anniversary, a museum portraying the history of the Force was opened at Mount Browne, the Surrey Police's headquarters in Guildford. Surrey resident Sir Michael Caine, CBE, opened the museum on 22 October 2001. Displays included artefacts and touch-screen technology, tracing the history of the Force up to the present day.

{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2025}}

Surrey Police now operates the PLC (police, law & community) course method of training and recruitment. This course ensures that potential recruits already possess knowledge of police law before applying to join Surrey Police. The course is run by several colleges in Surrey, as well as the University of Portsmouth. Although the PLC certificate can be obtained with a pass mark of 40% in the final examination, Surrey Police require a pass mark of 60% to become eligible to reach the application stage of the recruitment process.

The course allows the training phase of a police officer to be reduced by 15 weeks.

There were 710 complaint cases for Surrey Police in 2009/10. This is a 206% change on the 2003/04 figure. This is the second highest increase (after Northamptonshire) of all 43 forces in England and Wales. For comparison, the average change across forces in England and Wales over the same period was 113%.{{cite web |url=http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/Documents/complaints_statistics_09-10.pdf |title= Police Complaints: statistics for England and Wales 2009/10 |website=www.ipcc.gov.uk |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420154214/http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/Documents/complaints_statistics_09-10.pdf |archive-date=20 April 2011 |url-status=dead}} Surrey Police have been condemned by a coroner's jury over the death of Terry Smith who was restrained and put in a spit hood and kept in restraints for over two hours despite saying repeatedly that he could not breathe.{{cite news |last= Taylor |first= Diane |date= 5 July 2018 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jul/05/inquest-jury-condemns-surrey-police-over-death-of-man-placed-in-spit-hood |title= Inquest jury condemns Surrey police over death of man placed in spit hood |work= The Guardian}}

In June 2024 the force referred itself to the police complaints watchdog following an incident in which a police vehicle was used to ram a calf that was loose in the streets of Staines. Home Secretary James Cleverly said he would be asking for an urgent explanation, describing the actions as "heavy handed".The RSPCA said the police response, which saw the animal hit twice by a marked vehicle in Staines-on-Thames, "appears disproportionate". Police force uses car to stop loose cow BBC News https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cnkkp7eejyqo (Accessed 15 June 2024)

Under controversial merger plans announced by then Home Secretary, Charles Clarke, in 2006, the number of police forces in England and Wales would have been cut from 43 to 24. Proposals put forward on 20 March 2006 would have seen the Surrey force merged with Sussex Police to form a single strategic police force for the area.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4825524.stm|title=Police forces 'to be cut to 24'|publisher=BBC News|access-date=3 April 2011|date=20 March 2006}}

Police authorities had until 7 April 2006 to respond to the plans; the Home Secretary then announced on 11 April 2006 that Surrey Police and Sussex Police would merge by 2008. However, on 12 July 2006, a Government minister announced that all proposed police merger plans in England and Wales were on hold.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/southern_counties/5173312.stm|title=Forces happy at 'no merger' news|publisher=BBC News|access-date=3 April 2011|date=12 July 2006}}

Although, as of 2018, there are no plans to merge Surrey and Sussex Police into one force, the two organisations do have certain specialist departments which are shared across both force areas such as the firearms & roads policing units and alongside major investigations.{{cite web |title=Sussex Police Operational Delivery Plan (2017-2018) |url=https://sussex.police.uk/media/1208/14712-ops-delivery-plan-2017-18_web.pdf |website=Sussex Police |access-date=8 June 2018 |ref=45}}

{{update|section|date=July 2024}}

Surrey has the joint seventh lowest crime rate (with one other force) of the 43 force areas in England and Wales, with 55 crimes per 1,000 population. In the year to the end of March 2012 there were 61,757 crimes recorded in Surrey, according to Office for National Statistics figures published in July 2012. This is a 5.2% drop on 2010/11 when there were 65,125 crimes recorded in Surrey.Home Office (July 2011). [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/science-research-statistics/research-statistics/crime-research/hosb1011/ Crime in England and Wales 2010/11] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717145852/http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/science-research-statistics/research-statistics/crime-research/hosb1011/ |date=17 July 2011 }}. See Excel file for "Police force area data tables".Office for National Statistics (July 2012). [http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-265883 Crime Statistics, Period Ending March 2012]. See "Crime statistics: Police force area data tables 2011-12 - Crime in England and Wales, Quarterly First Release to March 2012".

Despite having the joint seventh lowest crime rate, the detection rate for offences was the joint second lowest (with one other force) of the 43 forces in England and Wales, with a rate of 20 percent. The average for England and Wales was 27 percent.

In a report published by HM Inspectorate of Constabulary in July 2011,HMIC (July 2011). [http://www.hmic.gov.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Surrey/VTP_SUR_20110721.pdf Valuing the Police: Preparedness Inspection - Surrey Police]. the impact on the number of police officers and staff partly due to the reduction to Surrey Police's budget following the comprehensive spending review is as follows:

{{expand section|more information and cases|date=October 2011}}

• Guildford Four and Maguire Seven
• Deaths at Deepcut army barracks
• Murder of Milly Dowler
• Operation Arundel and Operation Ravine

File:GX12FVT Surrey Police in OXTED.jpg

File:Surrey Police BMW F11 GK62 HKP.jpg pictured in 2014]]

As well as preventing and detecting crime, Surrey Police say that "dealing with road accidents forms a large part of our job, or at least taking measures to try and prevent them".{{cite web |year= 2009 |url=http://www.surrey.police.uk/safety/road_safety.asp |title= Road safety |publisher= Surrey Police |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090604205910/http://www.surrey.police.uk/safety/road_safety.asp |archive-date= 4 June 2009 |url-status= dead}} The following table shows the number of casualties, grouped by severity, on Surrey's roads over recent years.{{cite web |publisher= Surrey County Council |date= 26 November 2014 |url= http://www.surreycc.gov.uk/roads-and-transport/road-safety/road-accidents-facts-and-figures |title= Road accidents facts and figures}}{{cite news |date= 23 September 2015 |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-surrey-34341320 |title=Serious road casualties in Surrey reaches 10-year high |work=BBC News }}

In criticism widely reported in the media,{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/surrey-police-officers-accused-of-collective-amnesia-over-failure-to-check-2002-report-that-milly-dowlers-phone-was-hacked-8585769.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/surrey-police-officers-accused-of-collective-amnesia-over-failure-to-check-2002-report-that-milly-dowlers-phone-was-hacked-8585769.html |archive-date=25 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Surrey police officers accused of 'collective amnesia' over failure to check 2002 report that Milly Dowler's phone was hacked |work=The Independent |date=24 April 2013}}{{cite news|author=Vikram Dodd |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/apr/24/police-dowler-phone-hacking |title=Police did nothing about Dowler phone hacking for a decade, says IPCC |work=The Guardian }}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-22278947 |title=Milly Dowler police 'amnesia' over phone hack claims |work=BBC News |date=24 April 2013}} Deborah Glass, Deputy Chair of the IPCC, said in a six-page reportIPCC (24 April 2013). [http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/news/Pages/pr_240413_Surreypolicedenhomwoodall.aspx IPCC issues findings from investigation into Surrey Police and the knowledge that Milly Dowler’s mobile phone was hacked] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427002241/http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/news/Pages/pr_240413_Surreypolicedenhomwoodall.aspx |date=27 April 2013 }}.IPCC (24 April 2013). [http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/Documents/investigation_commissioner_reports/Denholm%20and%20Woodall%20Commissioner%20Report.pdf IPCC independent investigation into Surrey Police’s knowledge of the alleged illegal accessing of Amanda (Milly) Dowler’s mobile phone in 2002] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502150844/http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/Documents/investigation_commissioner_reports/Denholm%20and%20Woodall%20Commissioner%20Report.pdf |date=2 May 2013 }}. regarding the hacking in 2002 of the phone of the murdered Milly Dowler:

"It is apparent from the evidence that there was knowledge of this at all levels within the investigation team.

"There is equally no doubt that Surrey Police did nothing to investigate it; nobody was arrested or charged in relation to the alleged interception of those messages either in 2002 or subsequently, until the Operation Weeting arrests in 2011.

"Phone hacking was a crime in 2002 and it should have been investigated. [...] We have not been able to uncover any evidence, in documentation or witness statements, of why and by whom that decision [not to investigate] was made: former senior officers in particular appear to have been afflicted by a form of collective amnesia about this." She also said: "In view of the widespread knowledge uncovered in this investigation, we consider that it is scarcely credible that no one connected to the Milly Dowler investigation recognised the relevance and importance of the knowledge that Surrey Police had in 2002, before this information was disclosed by Operation Weeting."

In Farnham in February 2014, John Lowe murdered Christine and Lucy Lee, using one of his firearms that had been returned to him by Surrey Police. In October 2014, Lowe was convicted of their murders and received a life sentence with a minimum term of 25 years.{{cite news|author=Josh Halliday |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/oct/31/puppy-farmer-jailed-double-murder-shooting-john-lowe |title=Puppy farmer jailed for at least 25 years for double murder |work=The Guardian }}

Two independent reports by Hampshire Constabulary and North Yorkshire Police criticised the decision to return his firearms, which prompted the IPCC to launch an independent investigation. This investigation concluded in February 2016 and it published its findings in a 73-page report in April 2017.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-surrey-39707475 |title=Surrey puppy farm shootings: 'Deep concern' over police staff |work=BBC News}}{{cite news|author=Caroline Davies |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/apr/26/woman-criticises-police-for-returning-guns-to-killer-of-her-mother-and-sister |title=Woman criticises police for returning guns to killer of her mother and sister |work=The Guardian }}IPCC (26 April 2017). [http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/news/ipcc-finds-surrey-police-failed-properly-review-john-lowes-firearm-licence-returning-his IPCC finds Surrey Police failed to properly review John Lowe's firearm licence before returning his firearms] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427100919/http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/news/ipcc-finds-surrey-police-failed-properly-review-john-lowes-firearm-licence-returning-his |date=27 April 2017 }}. Retrieved 26 April 2017.IPCC (26 April 2017). [http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Documents/investigation_commissioner_reports/Inv_Rep_Surrey_Police_John_Lowe_firearms.pdf Investigation into the decision by Surrey Police to return firearms to Mr Lowe prior to the fatal shootings of Christine and Lucy Lee. Independent investigation report.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427101024/http://www.ipcc.gov.uk/sites/default/files/Documents/investigation_commissioner_reports/Inv_Rep_Surrey_Police_John_Lowe_firearms.pdf |date=27 April 2017 }} Retrieved 26 April 2017. IPCC associate commissioner Tom Milsom said: "Our investigation paints a deeply concerning portrait of how Surrey Police's firearms licensing team operated at that time. We found a unit which lacked the necessary training and processes to manage such a serious responsibility, staffed by individuals who were failing to undertake their duties with rigour and due consideration."{{cite news |last= McEwan |first= Fergus |date= 26 April 2017 |title= John Lowe double murder: Surrey Police 'failed to assess' risk of returning guns to killer, investigator finds |work= Surrey Live |url= https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/surrey-news/john-lowe-double-murder-surrey-12944025 |access-date= 23 March 2023 }}

Two staff members left Surrey Police as a result of this investigation, one being dismissed for gross misconduct and the other retiring before a hearing for gross misconduct could take place.{{cite web |date= 24 June 2019 |title= Jury finds series of failings by Surrey Police contributed to fatal shootings of Christine and Lucy Lee |publisher= deighton pierce glynn |url= https://dpglaw.co.uk/jury-finds-failings-by-surrey-police-contributed-shootings-of-christine-and-lucy-lee/ |access-date= 23 March 2023 }}

The IPCC also conducted a separate independent investigation into complaints made by Stacey Banner, the daughter of Christine Lee and sister of Lucy Lee, who was arrested in a separate incident weeks after the murders. The IPCC found that a detective constable and a detective sergeant had cases to answer for misconduct and a detective inspector for gross misconduct.{{cite news |last= Davies |first= Caroline |date= 26 April 2017 |title= Woman criticises police for returning guns to killer of her mother and sister |work= The Guardian |url= https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/apr/26/woman-criticises-police-for-returning-guns-to-killer-of-her-mother-and-sister |access-date= 23 March 2023 }}

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