Susan Constant
{{Short description|Ship of the English Virginia Company}}
| {{Infobox Ship Begin|display title = ital}}
{{Infobox ship image | Ship image= JamestownShips.jpg | Ship image size= 180px | Ship caption= Replica of Susan Constant (built 1989) }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header= | Ship country= England | Ship flag= | Ship name= Susan Constant (or Sarah Constant) | Ship owner= Virginia Company of London | Ship ordered= | Ship builder= | Ship original cost= | Ship laid down= | Ship launched= | Ship acquired= | Ship commissioned= | Ship decommissioned= | Ship in service= before 1607 | Ship out of service= after 1615 | Ship renamed= | Ship struck= | Ship reinstated= | Ship honours= | Ship honors= | Ship captured= | Ship fate= | Ship status= | Ship notes= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header= | Header caption= | Ship class= | Ship tons burthen= 120 | Ship length= est. {{convert|116|ft|0|abbr=on}} | Ship beam= | Ship draught= | Ship draft= | Ship hold depth= | Ship propulsion= | Ship sail plan= barque | Ship complement= | Ship armament= | Ship notes= }} |
Susan Constant (or Sarah Constant) was the largest of three ships of the English Virginia Company on the 1606–1607 voyage that resulted in the founding of Jamestown in the new Colony of Virginia. Captained by Christopher Newport, she was joined by the Discovery and Godspeed.
History
Susan Constant was rated at 120 tons. Its keel length is estimated at {{convert|55.2|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}}. The overall length from tip of its bowsprit to stern is estimated at {{convert|116|ft}}.
On the 1606–1607 voyage, it carried 71 colonists, all male, including John Smith.The Great Rogue by Noel Gerson[http://historyisfun.org/pdf/Jamestown-Ships/Ships_brochure_2011.pdf Jamestown Settlement & Yorktown Victory Center: Jamestown Settlement Ships] On June 22, 1607, Christopher Newport sailed back for London with Susan Constant and Godspeed carrying a load of supposedly precious minerals, leaving behind the 104 colonists and Discovery (to be used in exploring the area).
Susan Constant, which had been a rental ship that had customarily been used as a freight transport, did not return to Virginia again. She later served as a merchant ship through at least 1615. Her fate is unknown.
Name
The alternative name Sarah Constant has been cited, and is shown as being the name noted on the earliest document,[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1925278 JSTOR: “The Susan Constant and the Mayflower”, by Minnie G. Cook] leading to a belief that Samuel Purchas[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1920592 JSTOR: “Sarah versus Susan”, by Gregory Robinson, Robin R. Goodison] had the name wrong in his Pilgrims book.Samuel Purchas (1575?–1626): Purchas His Pilgrimes, In Five Books There is growing support for the name Sarah Constant.[http://content.hamptonroads.com/story.cfm?story=124435&ran=165659 “Decades of work will see a ship’s story honored today” | HamptonRoads.com | PilotOnline.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926234004/http://content.hamptonroads.com/story.cfm?story=124435&ran=165659 |date=2007-09-26 }} The article that cites Sarah Constant, presumably written by Sir Walter Raleigh, is as follows:
{{quote|He told me of three barques on route to the New World, those whose names are, as he told me thereon, be consisted of Godspeed, Discoverie or Discovery, and one whose name split twice, I think was Sarah Constant.}}
Replica
File:Susan Constant Stern.jpg|225x225px]]
Replicas of Susan Constant and her sisters, Godspeed and Discovery, are docked in the James River at Jamestown Settlement (formerly Jamestown Festival Park), adjacent to Historic Jamestown.
In popular culture
Susan Constant is depicted in the 1995 animated film Pocahontas, where its captain was Governor Ratcliffe (who actually captained Discovery), instead of Christopher Newport.
In May 2007, the United States Postal Service issued the first 41-cent denomination first-class stamp. The stamp had an image of Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery. Susan Constant was also depicted on Virginia's coin of the 50 State Quarters, in celebration of the quincentennial of Jamestown.File:Virginia quarter, reverse side, 2000.jpg, and Discovery, commemorated on the Virginia State Quarter|225x225px]]
The ship served as the inspiration for the ECS Constant in the 2023 videogame Starfield, a generational ship intended to found the colony New Jamestown.
See also
- Ship replica (including a list of ship replicas)
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
{{Commons category|Susan Constant (ship)}}
- Lavery, Brian. (1988) The Colonial Merchantman Susan Constant 1605. London: Conway Maritime Press.
- Price, David A. (2003) Love and Hate in Jamestown. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. (chapter 2)
- Spectre, Peter H.; Larkin, David. (1991) Wooden Ship: The Art, History, and Revival of Wooden Boatbuilding. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ("The Building of the Susan Constant", pp. 67–139)
{{Jamestown Colony}}
Category:Exploration ships of England