Susannah Heschel

Susannah Heschel is the daughter of Abraham Joshua Heschel, one of the leading Jewish theologians and Jewish philosophers of the twentieth century, and Sylvia, a concert pianist. In 1972, Heschel applied to the rabbinical school of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America in New York, which did not ordain women at that time and turned her down.{{cite web |url=http://forward.com/opinion/127811/an-ordination-first-and-what-followed/ |title=An Ordination First, and What Followed |first=Amy |last=Eilberg |authorlink=Amy Eilberg |date=May 5, 2010 |work=The Forward |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }} In 1995, she married James Louis (Yaakov) Aronson, Professor Emeritus of Earth Sciences at Dartmouth College, with whom she has two children.{{Cite web |last=Pashman |first=Manya Brachear |date=2022-03-30 |title=Susannah Heschel: The Rabbi's Daughter |url=https://momentmag.com/susannah-heschel/ |access-date=2022-10-27 |website=Moment Magazine |language=en-US}}

Heschel received her doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania in 1989. She served as lecturer and then assistant professor of religious studies at Southern Methodist University from 1988 to 1991, and as Abba Hillel Silver associate professor of Jewish studies at Case Western Reserve University from 1991 to 1998. She was a Rockefeller Fellow at the National Humanities Center in 1997–98, received a Carnegie Foundation Fellowship in Islamic Studies in 2008, and spent two years at the Center for the Humanities at Tufts University. In 2013 she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. In 2005, Heschel received an academic fellowship from the Ford Foundation which she used to convene a series of international conferences at Dartmouth College, that brought together scholars in the fields of Jewish studies and Islamic studies. One of the conferences honored the Arab philosopher Sadik al-Azm; another examined "Ink and Blood: Textuality and the Humane", at which Quranic scholar Angelika Neuwirth delivered the opening keynote address. In 2011–12 she held a fellowship at the Wissenschaftskolleg in Berlin.

She serves on the Beirat of the Zentrum Jüdische Studien in Berlin. In 1992–93 she was the Martin Buber visiting professor of Jewish religious philosophy at the University of Frankfurt; she has also taught at the University of Edinburgh, the University of Cape Town, and Princeton University.{{r|jwa}}

Heschel started a custom in the early 1980s of including an orange on the Passover Seder plate. The orange, she has said, represents "the fruitfulness of gay and lesbian Jews and the homosociality that has been such an important part of Jewish experience."{{cite web |url=http://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/an-orange-on-the-seder-plate/ |title=An Orange on the Seder Plate |first=Tamara |last=Cohen |publisher=My Jewish Learning |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }}{{Cite web |last=Heschel |first=Susannah |date=2013-03-19 |title=An Orange on Plate for Women — And Spit Out Seeds of Hate |url=https://forward.com/opinion/172959/an-orange-on-plate-for-women-and-spit-out-seeds/ |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=The Forward |language=en}} The tradition began when Heschel visited the Hillel at Oberlin College and saw an early feminist haggadah that suggested adding a crust of bread to the Seder plate as a sign of solidarity with lesbian Jews.{{cite web |url=http://www.ritualwell.org/ritual/background-background-orange-seder-plate-and-ritual-inclusion |title=The Background to the Background of the Orange on the Seder Plate and a Ritual of Inclusion |first1=Deborah |last1=Eisehnbach-Budner |first2=Alex |last2=Borns-Weil |date=22 August 2010 |publisher=Ritualwell |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }} In her view, putting bread on the Seder plate would signify that lesbian and gay Jews are as incompatible with Judaism as chametz is with Passover. At her next Seder, she used an orange as a symbol of inclusion." Early in the seder, she wrote in a 2013 article for The Forward, "when stomachs were starting to growl, I asked each person to take a segment of the orange, make the blessing over fruit and eat the segment in recognition of gay and lesbian Jews and of widows, orphans, Jews who are adopted and all others who sometimes feel marginalized in the Jewish community." Spitting out the seeds represents "repudiat[ing] homophobia and ... recogniz[ing] that in a whole orange, each segment sticks together," Heschel has written.

A long-circulating urban legend has misrepresented Heschel's custom. As this version of the story has it, Heschel was giving a lecture in Florida at which a man in the audience yelled, “A woman belongs on the bimah  like a piece of bread belongs on the seder plate," and she chose the orange to commemorate the incident and respond to her critic.{{Cite web |last=Frisch |first=Rabbi Robyn |date=2015-03-12 |title=Dispelling the Myth of the Orange on the Seder Plate |url=https://18doors.org/its-time-to-dispel-the-urban-legend-of-the-orange-on-the-seder-plate/ |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=18Doors |language=en-US}}

Today, one can purchase Seder plates made with seven spots, as opposed to the traditional six, to include an orange.{{cite web |url=http://www.moderntribe.com/judaica/jewish_holidays/passover/aram_pomegranate_seder | title=Michael Aram Pomegranate Seder Plate — A Place for an Orange |publisher=ModernTribe.com |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141122115205/http://moderntribe.com/products/aram_pomegranate_seder |archivedate=November 22, 2014 |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }}

In 2006, Heschel served on the Green Zionist Alliance slate to the World Zionist Congress.{{cite news | url=http://forward.com/articles/2318/zionist-election-has-high-stakes-strange-pairings/ | title=Zionist Election Has High Stakes, Strange Pairings | work=The Forward | first=E.J.| last=Kessler| date=Nov 25, 2005}}{{cite news | url=http://jewschool.com/2006/01/14/9899/elect-your-reps-for-the-35th-world-zionist-congress/ | title=elect-your-reps-for-the-35th-world-zionist-congress | work=JewSchool | first= | last=Mobius| date=Jan 14, 2006}}

Heschel is an honorary trustee of the Heschel School in New York. She has received an honorary doctorate in Humane Letters from Colorado College, an honorary doctorate of sacred letters from the University of St. Michael's College, an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from Trinity College, an honorary doctorate from the Augustana Theologische Hochschule, the John M. Manley Huntington award from Dartmouth, and the Jacobus Family Fellowship from Dartmouth, and she was elected an honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa.{{cite web|url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~jewish/faculty/heschel.html |title=Susannah Heschel |publisher=Dartmouth.edu |date=2012-01-10 |accessdate=2013-08-02}}

Her monograph Abraham Geiger and the Jewish Jesus (1998, University of Chicago Press) won the Abraham Geiger Prize of the Geiger College in Germany and a National Jewish Book Award.{{cite web |url=http://www.brandeis.edu/ethics/news/2011/2011.March.14_bios.html |title=Religion and the Quest to Contain Violence |date=March 14, 2011 |publisher=Brandeis University |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/awards/national-jewish-book-awards/past-winners?category=30767|title=Past Winners|website=Jewish Book Council|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-01-24}} She has also written The Aryan Jesus: Christian Theologians and the Bible in Nazi Germany (2008, Princeton University Press){{cite web |url=https://www.ushmm.org/confront-antisemitism/antisemitism-podcast/susannah-heschel |title=Voices on Antisemitism Podcast |first=Daniel |last=Greene |date=November 22, 2007 |publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }} and has edited Moral Grandeur and Spiritual Audacity: Essays of Abraham Joshua Heschel, Betrayal: German Churches and the Holocaust (with Robert P. Ericksen), Insider/Outsider: American Jews and Multiculturalism (with David Biale and Michael Galchinsky), and On Being a Jewish Feminist.{{cite web |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-58005-057-9 |title=Yentl's Revenge: The Next Wave of Jewish Feminism |date=September 10, 2001 |work=Publishers Weekly |accessdate=June 15, 2016 }}

She has also co-edited, with Christopher Browning and Michael Marrus, Holocaust Scholarship: Personal Trajectories and Professional Interpretations. With Umar Ryad, she co-edited The Muslim Reception of European Orientalism. In 2018 she published Jüdischer Islam: Islam und jüdisch-deutsche Selbstbestimmung. Among her recent articles are "The Slippery Yet Tenacious Nature of Racism: New Developments in Critical Race Theory and Their Implications for the Study of Religion and Ethics",{{cite journal |title=The Slippery Yet Tenacious Nature of Racism: New Developments in Critical Race Theory and Their Implications for the Study of Religion and Ethics |journal=Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics |volume=35 |number=1 |date=Spring–Summer 2015 |pages=3–27 |doi=10.1353/sce.2015.0018 |last1=Heschel |first1=Susannah |s2cid=141900451 }} "Jewish and Muslim Feminist Theologies in Dialogue: Discourses of Difference",{{cite book |title=Gender in Judaism and Islam: Common Lives, Uncommon Heritage |editor1-first=Firoozeh |editor1-last=Kashani-Sabet |editor2-first=Beth S. |editor2-last=Wenger |year=2014 |publisher=New York University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-1-4798-5326-7 |pages=17–45 }} "Constructions of Jewish Identity through Reflections on Islam",{{cite book |title=Faithful Narratives: Historians, Religions, and the Challenge of Objectivity |editor1-first=Andrea |editor1-last=Sterk |editor2-first=Nina |editor2-last=Caputo |year=2014 |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, N.Y. |isbn=978-0-8014-5182-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/faithfulnarrativ00unse/page/169 169–184] |url=https://archive.org/details/faithfulnarrativ00unse/page/169 }} and "German Jewish Scholarship on Islam as a Tool for De-Orientalizing Judaism".{{cite journal |title=German Jewish Scholarship on Islam as a Tool for De-Orientalizing Judaism |journal=New German Critique |volume=39 |number=3 |date=Fall 2012 |pages=91–107 |doi=10.1215/0094033X-1677282 |last1=Heschel |first1=Susannah }}

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• [https://faculty-directory.dartmouth.edu/susannah-heschel Dartmouth Faculty Page]

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