Svanbergfjellet Formation

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Svanbergfjellet Formation

| image =

| caption =

| age = 791.1±4.9 Ma{{cite journal |last1=Mughal |first1=Sanaa |last2=Millikin |first2=Alexie E. G. |last3=Zhang |first3=Tianran |last4=Gibson |first4=Timothy M. |last5=Rooney |first5=Alan D. |last6=Tosca |first6=Nicholas J. |last7=Bergmann |first7=Kristin D. |last8=Strauss |first8=Justin V. |last9=Anderson |first9=Ross P. |title=The Svanbergfjellet Formation: eukaryotic life in a Tonian Sea |journal=Journal of the Geological Society |date=25 February 2025 |volume=182 |issue=3 |doi=10.1144/jgs2024-083|doi-access=free }}

| period = Tonian

| prilithology =

| otherlithology =

| namedfor =

| namedby =

| region = Svalbard

| country = Norway

| coordinates =

| unitof = Akademikerbreen Group

| subunits =

| underlies = Draken Formation

| overlies = Grudievbreen Formation

| thickness =

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| map =

| map_caption =

}}

The Svanbergfjellet Formation is a geologic formation in Svalbard. It preserves eukaryotic fossils dating back to the Late Tonian period, around 790 Ma.

Paleobiota

After Butterfield et al, 1994.{{cite journal |last1=Butterfield |first1=Nicholas J. |last2=Knoll |first2=Andrew H. |last3=Swett |first3=Keene |title=Paleobiology of the Neoproterozoic Svanbergfjellet Formation, Spitsbergen |date=15 July 1994 |journal=Fossils and Strata |volume=34 |doi=10.18261/8200376494-1994-01}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="background:white; width:60%;" ! colspan="5" align="center" \|Paleobiota
Genus !Species !Notes !Images
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Proterocladus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. major P. minor P. hermannae \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Filamentous green algae, another species is the earliest such fossil found \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|File:Proterocladus antiquus, Nanfen Formation, Xihe Group (North China).jpg
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Palaeastrum \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. dyptocranum \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Filamentous eukaryote, possibly a green alga. \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Pseudotawuia \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. birenifera \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Enigmatic eukaryote, bears two unusual kidney-shaped structures at its tip. \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Tawuia \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| T. dalensis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Enigmatic eukaryote, possibly an alga. \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Valkyria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| V. borealis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Filamentous eukaryote, bears several differentiated cells/cell types, possibly placing it at tissue-grade organisation? \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cerebrosphaera \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| C. buickii \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Chuaria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| C. sp \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cymatiosphaeroides \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| C. kullingii \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Dictyotidium \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| D. fullerene \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Germinosphaera \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| G. bispinosa G. fibrilla G. jankauskasii \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Goniosphaeridium \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| G. sp \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Gorgonisphaeridium \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| G. sp \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Leiosphaeridia \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| L. crassa L. jacutica L. tenuissima L. wimanii \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Osculosphaera \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| O. hyalina \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Pterospermopsimorpha \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. pileiformis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Trachyhystrichosphaera \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| T. aimika T. polaris \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Acritarch \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Gloeodiniopsis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| G. lamellosa \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Eoentophysalis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| E. belcherensis E. croxfordii \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Polybessurus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. bipartitius \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Obruchevella \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| O. blandita \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Eosynechococcus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| E. moorei \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Sphaerophycus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| S. parvum \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cephalonyx \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| C. geminatus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanonema \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| C. sp \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Oscillatoriopsis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| O. vermiformis O. obtusa O. amadeus O. longa \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Palaeolyngbya \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. catenata P. hebeiensis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Siphonophycus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| S. thulenema S. septatum S. robustum S. typicum S. kestron S. solidum \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Tortunema \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| T. wernadskii \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Brachypleganon \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| B. khandanum \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Chlorogloeaopsis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| C. zairensis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Digitus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| D. adumbratus \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Myxococcoides \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| M. minor M. cantabrigiensis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Ostiana \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| O. microcystis \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|
style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Palaeosiphonella \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \| P. sp \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|Cyanobacteria \|style="background:#D1FFCF;" \|

class="wikitable sortable" style="background:white; width:60%;"

! colspan="5" align="center" |Paleobiota

Genus

!Species

!Notes

!Images

style="background:#D1FFCF;" |Proterocladus