Swayambhuva Manu
{{Short description|First of the fourteen Manus}}
{{Multiple issues|{{Tone|date=June 2022}}
{{Disputed|date=June 2022}}}}
{{Infobox deity
| image =
| caption =
| type = Hindu
| parents = Brahma (creator)
| consort = Shatarupa
| children = Priyavrata
Uttanapada
Akuti
Devahuti
Prasuti
| name = Svayambhuva Manu
}}
Svayambhuva Manu ({{Langx|sa|स्वयम्भुव मनु|translit=Svāyaṃbhuva Manu}}) is the first of the fourteen Manus, the first man of a Yuga in Hindu cosmogony.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2-VhBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT109|title=Teachings of Lord Caitanya (Third Edition): The Golden Avatara|author=His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada|publisher=The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust|isbn=978-91-7149-730-7|pages=109\u2013}}{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/brahma_purana_english_full|title=Brahma Purana - Parts I - IV|last=Motilal Banarsidass|date=1955-01-01|pages=[https://archive.org/details/brahma_purana_english_full/page/n40 29] (3.4-7)}}{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/LingaPuranaJ.L.ShastriPart1|title=Linga Purana - English Translation - Part 1 of 2|last=J.L.Shastri|date=1951|pages=[https://archive.org/details/LingaPuranaJ.L.ShastriPart1/page/n29 24] (7.22-28)}}{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13010|title=THE SKANDA-PURANA PART. 2|last=N.A|date=1950|publisher=MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD, DELHI|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13010/page/n55 45] (5.71-25)}}{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13008|title=THE SKANDA-PURANA PART. 7|last=N.A|date=1951|publisher=MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD, DELHI|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13008/page/n327 317] (25.22-24)}} He is the manasaputra (mind-born son) of Brahma and husband of Shatarupa, the first woman.[https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/devi-bhagavata-purana/d/doc57365.htmlThe Devi Bhagavata Purana] by Swami Vijñanananda [Book 10], Chapter 1 - On the story of Svāyambhuva Manu, www.wisdomlib.org[https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-agni-purana/d/doc1083106.html The Agni Purana]
by N. Gangadharan, Chapter 18 - Genealogy of Svāyambhuva Manu, www.wisdomlib.org He is stated to have divided the Vedas into four sections.[https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/PUIScan/2014/web/index.php Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index], www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de
Legend
The creation of Svayambhuva Manu and Shatarupa from the body of Brahma are mentioned in the Puranas:
{{Quote|
[...] O sage, I [Brahma] split myself into two having assumed two forms. One half had the form of a woman and the other half that of a man.{{refn|group=note|Śiva-purāṇa speaks of Brahmā splitting his body into two parts, the male and female, identified as Manu and Śatarūpā. Cp. Matsya-purāṇa (‘A Study’ by V. S. Agrawal) 3.31.}} He then created in her a couple, the means of excellent nature. The man was Svayambhuva Manu, the greatest of the means (of creation). The woman was Satarupa, a Yogini, an ascetic woman.
|Shiva Purana, Section 2.1, Chapter 16, verses 10-12[https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/shiva-purana-english/d/doc225984.html The Shiva Purana] by J. L. Shastri, Section 2.1, Chapter 16 - Description of the Creation (10-12)}}
According to the Bhagavata Purana,
{{Quote|While he was thus absorbed in contemplation and was observing the supernatural power, two other forms were generated from his body. They are still celebrated as the body of Brahma. Out of them, the one who had the male form became known as the Manu named Svayambhuva, and the woman became known as Satarupa, the queen of the great soul Manu.
|Bhagavata Purana, 3.12.52{{cite web|url=https://vedabase.io/en/|title= Bhagavata Purana, Book 3: Chapter 12|publisher=Vedabase}}}}
According to the Devi Bhagavata Purana
{{Quote|The four faced Brahma, on being born, produced from His mind Svayambhuva Manu and his wife shatarupa, the embodiment of all virtues. For this very reason, Svayambuva Manu has been known as the mind-born son of Brahma.|Devi Bhagavata Purana, 10.01.7.14{{cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/devi-bhagavata-purana/d/doc57365.html|title= Devi Bhagavata Purana, Book 10: Chapter 1|publisher=wisdomlib}}}}
Svayambhuva Manu married Shatarupa. He had two sons named Priyavrata and Uttanapada, and three daughters named Akuti, Devahuti, and Prasuti.Dipavali Debroy, Bibek Debroy (1992). The Garuda Purana. p. 136. ″Manu and Shatarupa had two sons named Priyavrata and Uttanapada and three daughters named Prasuti, Akuti and Devahuti." Manu married his first daughter Akuti to Rishi Ruci, his middle daughter Devahuti to Prajapati Kardama and his youngest daughter Prasuti to Prajapati Daksha.[https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/4/1/ Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (Bhāgavata Purāṇa), Canto 4: The Creation of the Fourth Order, Chapter One], Genealogical Table of the Daughters of Manu
References
= Notes =
{{reflist|group=note}}