Swiss Warmblood
{{Short description|Swiss breed of horse}}
{{use British English|date=October 2023}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{use list-defined references|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox horse breed
| name = Swiss Warmblood
| image = 54eme CHI de Genève, Prix de la Fédération d’Elevage du Cheval de Sport CH, Pénélope Leprevost et Cayman Athletic CH 3 (cropped).jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Pénélope Leprevost on Cayman Athletic at the {{ill|Concours hippique international de Genève|fr}} in 2014
| image2 =
| image_size2 =
| image_alt2 =
| image_caption2 =
| status = {{ubl|FAO (2007): not at risk{{r|barb|p=113}}|DAD-IS (2023): at risk/endangered{{r|dad}}}}
| features =
| altname = {{ubl|Swiss Saddle Horse|CH-Warmblut|Schweizer Warmblut|Neue Einsiedler|Demi-Sang CH|Demi-Sang Suisse|Cavallo della Svizzera}}
| country = Switzerland
| distribution =
| standard =
| extinct =
| use = {{ubl|jumping|dressage|driving}}
| colour = usually chestnut, less often bay; black and other colours also occur{{r|elise|p=202}}
| height =
| male_height = average 168 cm{{r|dad}}
| female_height = average 162 cm{{r|dad}}
| weight =
| male_weight = average 600 kg{{r|dad}}
| female_weight = average 500 kg{{r|dad}}
| note =
}}
The Swiss Warmblood or Schweizer Warmblut is a modern Swiss breed of warmblood sport horse.{{r|cabi|p=506}} It was created in the mid-twentieth century by merger of the {{ill|Einsiedler (horse)|fr|Einsiedeln (cheval)|lt=Einsiedler}} – which had been bred for centuries at the Benedictine Monastery of Einsiedeln in the Canton of Schwyz – with the Swiss Halfblood and with traditional local breeds including the Ajoie, the Erlenbacher and the Entlebucher. It is sometimes known as the Neue Einsiedler.{{r|save2|p=300}} The Swiss Warmblood is bred at the {{ill|Haras National Suisse|fr|Haras national suisse}} at Avenches, in the Canton of Vaud.
History
The Swiss Warmblood was created in the mid-twentieth century by merger of the {{ill|Einsiedler (horse)|fr|Einsiedeln (cheval)|lt=Einsiedler}} – which had been bred for centuries at the Benedictine Monastery of Einsiedeln in the Canton of Schwyz – with the Swiss Halfblood and with traditional local breeds including the Ajoie, the Erlenbacher and the Entlebucher. Those individual breeds effectively ceased to exist and are now listed as extinct.{{r|save2|p=300|pro}} A stud-book was started in 1950.{{r|dad}} In the 1960s use was made of a number of foreign stallions, among them three Anglo-Normans named Ivoire, Orinate de Messil and Que d'Espair, the Holsteiners Astral and Chevalier, and a Swedish Warmblood called Aladin;{{r|edwards|p=134}} thereafter the stallions used were mostly Swiss.{{r|cabi|p=506|maur|p2=71}}
From 2010 to 2012 the number of annual registrations in the stud-book was approximately 750. In 2017 the total population was estimated at {{val|9000|–|10000}}, with 750 breeding mares and 77 stallions.{{r|dad}} In 2023 the conservation status of the breed was listed in the DAD-IS database of the FAO as 'at risk/endangered'.{{r|dad}}
Characteristics
Uses
The Swiss Warmblood was bred as a sport horse. It is usually trained for show-jumping or for dressage; it may also be driven in harness.{{r|elise|p=202}}
References
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{{Horse breeds of Switzerland}}
Category:Horse breeds originating in Switzerland
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