Sydney Greenstreet
{{Short description|British and American actor (1879–1954)}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sydney Greenstreet
| image = Wolfe-Greenstreet-1950.jpg
| caption = Greenstreet in NBC radio's The New Adventures of Nero Wolfe (1950)
| birth_name = Sydney Hughes Greenstreet
| birth_date = {{birth date|1879|12|27}}
| birth_place = West Malling, Kent, England
| death_date = {{death date and age|1954|01|18|1879|12|27}}
| death_place = Hollywood, California, U.S.
| resting_place = Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale
| occupation = Actor
| years_active = 1902–1951
| spouse = {{marriage|Dorothy Marie Ogden|1918}} (1891–1972)
| children = 1
}}
Sydney Hughes Greenstreet (December 27, 1879 – January 18, 1954){{cite book| last1=Donnelley| first1=Paul| title=Fade to Black: A Book of Movie Obituaries| year=2003| publisher=Omnibus| isbn=978-0-7119-9512-3| page=295| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qAhtNiAl3YsC&q=%22Sydney+Hughes+Greenstreet%22&pg=PA295| access-date=November 24, 2021| language=en}} was a British and American actor. While he did not begin his career in films until the age of 61, he had a run of significant motion pictures in a Hollywood career lasting through the 1940s. He is best remembered for the three Warner Bros. films - The Maltese Falcon (1941), Casablanca (1942), and Passage to Marseille (1944) - with both Humphrey Bogart (5 films total with Greenstreet) and Peter Lorre (9 films with Greenstreet, 3 of which were also with Bogart). He portrayed Nero Wolfe on radio during 1950 and 1951. He became an American citizen in 1925.{{cite web| url=http://interactive.ancestrylibrary.com/2499/31301_167694-00170/4074960?backurl=http%3a%2f%2fsearch.ancestrylibrary.com%2f%2fcgi-bin%2fsse.dll%3fgss%3dangs-c%26new%3d1%26rank%3d1%26gsfn%3dSydney%26gsfn_x%3d0%26gsln%3dGreenstreet%26gsln_x%3d0%26MSAV%3d0%26uidh%3d57k%26pcat%3dIMG_CITIZENSHIP%26h%3d4074960%26recoff%3d7%2b8%26db%3dNYNaturalizations%26indiv%3d1%26ml_rpos%3d3&ssrc=&backlabel=ReturnRecord#?imageId=31301_167694-00170| title=Sydney Greenstreet's Petition for Naturalization| website=Ancestry.com| access-date=October 6, 2015| url-access=subscription}}
Early life
Sydney Hughes Greenstreet was born on December 27, 1879, in Eastry, Kent, the son of Ann (née Baker) and John Jarvis Greenstreet, a tanner. He had seven siblings. He left home at the age of 18 to make his fortune as a Ceylon tea planter, but drought forced him out of business. He began managing a brewery and, to escape boredom, took acting lessons.{{cite web| url=http://www.focusfeatures.com/article/sydney_greenstreet_born| title=Sydney Greenstreet Born| date=December 27, 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208155239/http://www.focusfeatures.com/article/sydney_greenstreet_born| archive-date=December 8, 2015| website=Focus Features| access-date=November 24, 2021}}
Career
Greenstreet's stage debut was as a murderer in a 1902 production of a Sherlock Holmes story at the Marina Theatre, Ramsgate, Kent.{{Citation needed|date=September 2018}} He toured Britain with Ben Greet's Shakespearean company, and in 1905 made his New York City debut in Everyman.{{cite news |title=Film Actor Sydney Greenstreet Dies |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23381897/sydney_greenstreet/ |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=January 20, 1954 |page=1, Sec 2 |via=Newspapers.com |access-date=November 24, 2021}} He appeared in such plays as a revival of As You Like It (1914).{{cite web |title=Sydney Greenstreet |url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/sydney-greenstreet-67672 |website=Internet Broadway Database |access-date=September 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310010127/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/sydney-greenstreet-67672 |archive-date=March 10, 2018}} He appeared in numerous plays in Britain and America, working through most of the 1930s with Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne at the Theatre Guild. His stage roles ranged from musical comedy to Shakespeare, and years of such versatile acting on two continents led to many offers to appear in films. He refused until he was 61.
File:GutmanCairoMaltFalc1941Trailer.jpg in The Maltese Falcon (1941)]]
File:Sydney Greenstreet in Across the Pacific trailer.jpg (1942)]]
File:Humphrey Bogart and Sydney Greenstreet in Casablanca crop.jpg in Casablanca (1942)]]
File:Casablanca, Sydney Greenstreet.JPG
In 1941, Greenstreet began working for Warner Bros. His debut film role was as Kasper Gutman ("The Fat Man") co-starring with Humphrey Bogart in The Maltese Falcon. In Casablanca (1942), Greenstreet played crooked club owner Signor Ferrari (for which he received a salary of $3,750 per week—equivalent to $60,179.91 in 2020 dollars—for seven weeks' work). He also appeared in Background to Danger (1943), with George Raft; Passage to Marseille (1944), reuniting with Casablanca stars Bogart, Peter Lorre and Claude Rains; The Mask of Dimitrios (1944); The Conspirators (1944) with Hedy Lamarr and Paul Henreid; Hollywood Canteen (1944); Conflict (1945), again with Bogart; Three Strangers (1946); and The Verdict (1946). In the last two, and The Mask of Dimitrios, he received top billing. He had dramatic roles, such as William Makepeace Thackeray in Devotion (1946), and witty performances in screwball comedies, such as Alexander Yardley in Christmas in Connecticut (1944). Near the end of his film career, he played opposite Joan Crawford in Flamingo Road (1949).
After little more than eight years, Greenstreet's film career ended with Malaya (also 1949), in which he was billed fourth, after Spencer Tracy, James Stewart and Valentina Cortese. In those years, he worked with stars ranging from Clark Gable to Ava Gardner to Joan Crawford. Author Tennessee Williams wrote his one-act play The Last of My Solid Gold Watches with Greenstreet in mind, and dedicated it to him. During 1950–1951, Greenstreet played Nero Wolfe on the radio program The New Adventures of Nero Wolfe, based loosely on the rotund detective genius created by Rex Stout.
Death and legacy
Greenstreet suffered from diabetes and Bright's disease, a kidney disorder. Five years after retiring from film acting, he died on January 18, 1954, in Hollywood. His death was caused by complications from both conditions.{{cite news| title=Obituaries: Sydney Greenstreet| url=https://archive.org/details/variety193-1954-01/page/n509/mode/2up?q=%22sydney+greenstreet%22| newspaper=Variety| date=January 27, 1954| page=71| access-date=November 24, 2021}} He is interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California, in the Utility Columbarium area of the Great Mausoleum, inaccessible to the public. He was survived by his only child, John Ogden Greenstreet (1920–2004), from his marriage to Dorothy Marie Ogden. Actor Mark Greenstreet is his great-nephew. His other relatives who are still living include Gregory Greenstreet and his children, Tamar Greenstreet and Elan Greenstreet. {{citation needed|date=December 2021}}
Living relatives from his sisters (Laura Maude Greenstreet) marriage to Albert Elijah White still reside in the UK today.
Academy Award nomination
| width="65%" class="wikitable" |
| width="010" | Year
! width="020" | Film ! width="050" | Category ! width="030" | Result |
|---|
| 14th Academy Awards|1941{{cite web |title=Sydney Greenstreet |url=https://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/Search/Nominations?nomineeId=1467&view=1-Nominee-Alpha |website=Academy Awards Database |access-date=November 24, 2021}}
|{{nom}} |
Filmography
| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year ! Title ! Role ! Notes |
| rowspan=2 | 1941
| Kasper Gutman | Nominated {{ndash}} Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor |
| They Died with Their Boots On
| |
| rowspan=2 | 1942
| Dr. Lorenz | |
| Casablanca
| Signor Ferrari | |
| 1943
| Col. Robinson | |
| rowspan=5 | 1944
| Major Duval | |
| Between Two Worlds
| Rev. Tim Thompson | |
| The Mask of Dimitrios
| Mr. Peters | |
| The Conspirators
| Ricardo Quintanilla | |
| Hollywood Canteen
| Himself | |
| rowspan=3 | 1945
| Col. Michael Otley | |
| Conflict
| Dr. Mark Hamilton | |
| Christmas in Connecticut
| Alexander Yardley | |
| rowspan=3 | 1946
| Jerome K. Arbutny | |
| Devotion
| |
| The Verdict
| Supt. George Edward Grodman | |
| rowspan=2 | 1947
| James P. Alden | |
| The Hucksters
| Evan Llewellyn Evans | |
| rowspan=3 | 1948
| Ruthless | Buck Mansfield | |
| The Woman in White
| Count Alessandro Fosco | |
| The Velvet Touch
| Capt. Danbury | |
| rowspan=3 | 1949
| Sheriff Titus Semple | |
| It's a Great Feeling
| Himself | Uncredited |
| Malaya
| The Dutchman | |
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite book |last= Alistair |first= Rupert |title= The Name Below the Title : 65 Classic Movie Character Actors from Hollywood's Golden Age |chapter= Sydney Greenstreet |pages= 107–110 |date= 2018 |edition= First |type= softcover |publisher= Independently published |location= Great Britain |isbn = 978-1-7200-3837-5}}
- {{Cite book |last= Sculthorpe |first= Derek |title= The Life and Times of Sydney Greenstreet |year= 2018 |publisher= Bear Manor Media |isbn= 978-1-62933-308-3}}
- {{Cite book |last= Youngkin |first= Stephen D. |title= The Lost One: A Life of Peter Lorre |year= 2005 |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn= 0-8131-2360-7}} – Contains a chapter on the professional friendship between Greenstreet and Peter Lorre.
External links
{{commons}}
- {{IMDb name}}
- {{Tcmdb name}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20170423092618/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba15c0266 Sydney Greenstreet] at the British Film Institute{{better source needed|reason=Help request: a live link can be searched for at https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/search/expert - if available, replace the archive URL with the live link. Or if none found, remove this 'better source needed' template. | date=October 2023}}
- {{IBDB name}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Greenstreet, Sydney}}
Category:20th-century English male actors
Category:Actors from Dover District
Category:British expatriate male actors in the United States
Category:Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)
Category:Deaths from diabetes in California
Category:Deaths from kidney disease
Category:English male film actors
Category:English male radio actors
Category:English male stage actors
Category:Male actors from Kent
Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States