Syringa reticulata

{{Short description|Species of flowering plant in the family Oleaceae}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Japanese tree lilac

| image = Syringa reticulata USDA1.jpg

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| genus = Syringa

| species = reticulata

| authority = (Blume) H.Hara

}}

Syringa reticulata, the Japanese tree lilac,{{PLANTS|id=SYRE2|taxon=Syringa reticulata|accessdate=7 December 2015}} is a species of flowering plant in the family Oleaceae. It is native to eastern Asia, and is grown as an ornamental in Europe and North America.

Description

It is a deciduous small tree growing to a height of {{cvt|12|m|ft|abbr=on}}, rarely to {{cvt|15|m|ft|abbr=on}}, with a trunk up to {{cvt|30|cm|in|abbr=on}}, rarely {{cvt|40|cm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter; it is the largest species of lilac, and the only one that regularly makes a small tree rather than a shrub. The leaves are elliptic-acute, {{cvt|2.5-15|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and {{cvt|1-8|cm|in|abbr=on}} broad, with an entire margin, and a roughish texture with slightly impressed veins. The flowers are white or creamy-white, the corolla with a tubular base 0.16–0.24" (4–6 mm) long and a four-lobed apex 0.12–0.24" (3–6 mm) across, and a strong fragrance; they are produced in broad panicles {{cvt|5-30|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and {{cvt|3-20|cm|in|abbr=on}} broad in early summer. The fruit is a dry, smooth, brown capsule (15–25 mm long), splitting in two to release the two winged seeds.Mitomori: [http://www.mitomori.co.jp/hana3/hana2.7.348hasido.html Syringa reticulata] (in Japanese; [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://www.mitomori.co.jp/hana3/hana2.7.348hasido.html&sa=X&oi=translate& google translation])Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan {{ISBN|0-333-47494-5}}.

Distribution

Syringa reticulata is found in northern Japan (mainly Hokkaidō), northern China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan), Korea, and far southeastern Russia (Primorye).Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200017817 Syringa reticulata]Hanaki Kawahara Gardens: [http://www.068.jp/business/product/mainprdct3/hashidoi.html Syringa reticulata] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209125109/http://www.068.jp/business/product/mainprdct3/hashidoi.html |date=2012-02-09 }} (in Japanese; [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://www.068.jp/business/product/mainprdct3/hashidoi.html&sa=X&oi=translate& google translation])[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=356262 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Syringa reticulata]

Names

{{zh|c=暴馬丁香|p=Bào mǎ dīngxiāng}}; {{langx|ja|ハシドイ (丁香花)|translit=hashidoi}}

The Latin specific epithet reticulata means "netted".{{cite book | last=Harrison |first=Lorraine | title=RHS Latin for Gardeners | year=2012 |publisher=Mitchell Beazley | location=United Kingdom | isbn=978-1845337315 }}

Subspecies

There are three subspecies:

Syringa reticulata subsp. reticulata (syn. Syringa japonica (Maxim.), also syn. S. amurensis var japonica (Maxim.) Franch et Sav.- Ligustrina japonica (Maxim.) ) - Japan.
Syringa reticulata subsp. amurensis (Rupr.) P.S.Green & M.C.Chang (syn. S. reticulata var. mandschurica (Maxim.) H.Hara) - Northeastern China, Korea, southeastern Russia.
Syringa reticulata subsp. pekinensis (Rupr.) P.S.Green & M.C.Chang - North-central China. It has very distinct reddish-brown peeling bark.