THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription
{{Short description|Tibetan romanization method}}
The THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Standard Tibetan (or THL Phonetic Transcription for short) is a system for the phonetic rendering of the Tibetan language.{{cite book | last=Swank | first=H. | title=Rewriting Shangri-La: Tibetan Youth, Migrations and Literacies in McLeod Ganj, India | publisher=Brill | series=Brill's Tibetan Studies Library | year=2014 | isbn=978-90-04-26390-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vq62AgAAQBAJ&pg=PP11 | access-date=2024-05-13 | page=11}}
It was created by David Germano and Nicolas Tournadre and was published on 12 December 2003. It is essentially a simplified form of the Tournadre Phonetic System, which is used by Tournadre in his Tibetan-language textbooks.{{cite book | last=Schaeffer | first=K. | last2=McGrath | first2=W. | last3=Lang | first3=J. | title=Histories of Tibet: Essays in Honor of Leonard W. J. van der Kuijp | publisher=Wisdom Publications | year=2023 | isbn=978-1-61429-808-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zxKsEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1996 | access-date=2024-05-13 | page=1996}}
THL (formerly THDL) stands for the "Tibetan and Himalayan Library" project, which is hosted at the University of Virginia.[https://www.thlib.org/about/wiki/thdl%20home%20about%20us.html About Us] – THL
Overview
= Onsets<ref>[http://www.thlib.org/reference/transliteration/#essay=/thl/phonetics/s/b1 THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Standard Tibetan] – THL</ref> =
class="wikitable"
! IPA !! Wylie transliteration !! Tibetan pinyin !! THL | |||
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| {{IPA|pá}} | p, sp, dp, lp | b | p |
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| {{IPA|pà}} | rb, sb, sbr | b | b |
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| {{IPA|mpà}} | lb, ’b | b | b |
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| {{IPA|pʰá}} | ph, ’ph | p | p |
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| {{IPA|pʰà}} | b | p | b |
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| {{IPA|bà}} | bh | bh | bh |
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| {{IPA|má}} | rm, sm, dm, smr | m | m |
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| {{IPA|mà}} | m, mr | m | m |
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| {{IPA|wà}} | db, b, w | w | w |
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| {{IPA|tá}} | t, rt, lt, st, tw, gt, bt, brt, blt, bst, bld | d | t |
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| {{IPA|tà}} | rd, sd, gd, bd, brd, bsd | d | d |
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| {{IPA|ntá}} | lth | d | |
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| {{IPA|ntà}} | zl, bzl, ld, md, ’d | d | d |
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| {{IPA|tʰá}} | th, mth, ’th | t | t |
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| {{IPA|tʰà}} | d, dw | t | d |
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| {{IPA|ná}} | rn, sn, gn, brn, bsn, mn | n | n |
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| {{IPA|nà}} | n | n | n |
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| {{IPA|lá}} | kl, gl, bl, rl, sl, brl, bsl | l | l |
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| {{IPA|là}} | l, lw | l | l |
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| {{IPA|l̥á}} | lh | lh | lh |
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| {{IPA|tsá}} | ts, rts, sts, rtsw, stsw, gts, bts, brts, bsts | z | ts |
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| {{IPA|tsà}} | rdz, gdz, brdz | z | dz |
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| {{IPA|ntsà}} | mdz, ’dz | z | dz |
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| {{IPA|tsʰá}} | tsh, tshw, mtsh, ’tsh | c | ts |
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| {{IPA|tsʰà}} | dz | c | dz |
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| {{IPA|sá}} | s, sr, sw, gs, bs, bsr | s | s |
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| {{IPA|sà}} | z, zw, gz, bz | s | z |
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| {{IPA|ʈʂá}} | kr, rkr, lkr, skr, tr, pr, lpr, spr, dkr, dpr, bkr, bskr, bsr | zh | tr |
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| {{IPA|ʈʂà}} | rgr, lgr, sgr, dgr, dbr, bsgr, rbr, lbr, sbr | zh | dr |
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| {{IPA|ɳʈʂà}} | mgr, ’gr, ’dr, ’br | zh | dr |
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| {{IPA|ʈʂʰá}} | khr, thr, phr, mkhr, ’khr, ’phr | ch | tr |
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| {{IPA|ʈʂʰà}} | gr, dr, br, grw | ch | dr |
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| {{IPA|ʂá}} | hr | sh | hr |
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| {{IPA|rà}} | r, rw | r | r |
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| {{IPA|r̥á}} | rh | rh | |
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| {{IPA|cá}} | ky, rky, lky, sky, dky, bky, brky, bsky | gy | ky |
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| {{IPA|cà}} | rgy, lgy, sgy, dgy, bgy, brgy, bsgy | gy | gy |
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| {{IPA|ɲcà}} | mgy, ’gy | gy | gy |
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| {{IPA|cʰá}} | khy, mkhy, ’khy | ky | khy |
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| {{IPA|cʰà}} | gy | ky | gy |
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| {{IPA|çá}} | hy | hy | hy |
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| {{IPA|tɕá}} | c, cw, gc, bc, lc, py, lpy, spy, dpy | j | ch |
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| {{IPA|tɕà}} | rby, lby, sby, rj, gj, brj | j | j |
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| {{IPA|ɲtɕà}} | lj, mj, ’j, ’by | j | j |
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| {{IPA|tɕʰá}} | ch, mch, ’ch, phy, ’phy | q | ch |
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| {{IPA|tɕʰà}} | j, by | q | j |
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| {{IPA|ɕá}} | sh, shw, gsh, bsh | x | sh |
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| {{IPA|ɕà}} | zh, zhw, gzh, bzh | x | zh |
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| {{IPA|ɲá}} | rny, sny, gny, brny, bsny, mny, nyw, rmy, smy | ny | ny |
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| {{IPA|ɲà}} | ny, my | ny | ny |
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| {{IPA|já}} | g.y | y | y |
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| {{IPA|jà}} | y, dby | y | y |
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| {{IPA|ká}} | k, rk, lk, sk, kw, dk, bk, brk, bsk | g | k |
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| {{IPA|kà}} | rg, lg, sg, dg, bg, brg, bsg | g | g |
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| {{IPA|ŋkà}} | lg, mg, ’g | g | g |
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| {{IPA|kʰá}} | kh, khw, mkh, ’kh | k | kh |
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| {{IPA|kʰà}} | g, gw | k | g |
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| {{IPA|ŋá}} | rng, lng, sng, dng, brng, bsng, mng | ng | ng |
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| {{IPA|ŋà}} | ng | ng | ng |
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| {{IPA|ʔá}} | —, db | — | — |
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| {{IPA|ʔ̞à}} | ’ | — | — |
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| {{IPA|há}} | h, hw | h | h |
= Vowels =
class="wikitable"
! IPA !! THL !! IPA !! THL | |||
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| {{IPA|i}} | i | {{IPA|ĩ}} | in |
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| {{IPA|e}} | é | {{IPA|ẽ}} | én |
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| {{IPA|ɛ}} | e/é | {{IPA|ɛ̃}} | en/én |
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| {{IPA|a}} | a | {{IPA|ã}} | an |
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| {{IPA|u}} | u | {{IPA|ũ}} | un |
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| {{IPA|o}} | o | {{IPA|õ}} | on |
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| {{IPA|ɔ}} | o | {{IPA|ɔ̃}} | on |
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| {{IPA|y}} | ü | {{IPA|ỹ}} | ün |
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| {{IPA|ø}} | ö | {{IPA|ø̃}} | ön |
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.thlib.org/reference/transliteration/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/26a34146-33a6-48ce-001e-f16ce7908a6a/tibetan%20transliteration%20and%20transcription.html The Transliteration and Transcription of Tibetan] (Tibetan & Himalayan Library)
- [http://www.thlib.org/reference/transliteration/#essay=/thl/phonetics/s/b1 THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Standard Tibetan]
- [http://www.thlib.org/reference/transliteration/#essay=/thl/ewts THL Extended Wylie Transliteration of Tibetan]
{{Tibetan language}}
Category:Romanization of Tibetan
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{{writingsystem-stub}}