TI-class supertanker
{{Short description|Supertanker class}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
| {{Infobox ship begin |sclass=2}}
{{Infobox ship image | Ship image=File:Hellespont Tara-023-cleaned.jpg | Ship caption=Hellespont Tara (later TI Europe) in the Netherlands on June 24, 2005. }} {{Infobox ship class overview | Name = | Builders = Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering, Okpo-dong, South Korea | Operators = | Class before = | Class after = | Subclasses = | Cost = | Built range = 2002{{ndash}}2003 | In service range = 2003{{ndash}}present | In commission range = | Total ships building = | Total ships planned = | Total ships completed = 4 | Total ships cancelled = | Total ships active = 4 | Total ships laid up = | Total ships lost = | Total ships retired = | Total ships scrapped = | Total ships preserved = }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Ship type = Ultra Large Crude Carrier | Ship tonnage = *{{GT|234,006}}
| Ship displacement = *{{convert|67591|t|LT|0|lk=on}} light
| Ship length = {{convert|380|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a | Ship beam = {{convert|68|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship height = | Ship draught = {{convert|24.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship depth = | Ship hold depth = | Ship decks = | Ship deck clearance = | Ship power = | Ship propulsion = | Ship speed = {{convert|16.5|kn|lk=in}} (laden) | Ship range = | Ship endurance = | Ship boats = | Ship capacity = {{convert|2800000|oilbbl|L|lk=in}} {{cite web|title=Euronav FSO |url=https://www.euronav.com/en/about-euronav/our-business/fso/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627210121/https://www.euronav.com/en/about-euronav/our-business/fso/ |publisher=Euronav |accessdate=9 August 2023 |url-status=live |archivedate=27 June 2023}} | Ship crew = | Ship sensors = | Ship EW = | Ship notes = }} |
The TI class of supertankers comprises the ships TI Africa, TI Asia, TI Europe and TI Oceania (all names as of July 2004), where the "TI" refers to the ULCC tanker pool operator Tankers International. The class were the first ULCCs (ultra-large crude carriers) to be built in 25 years.
By displacement, deadweight tonnage (≈ cargo mass), and gross tonnage (a formula value based on internal volume, not mass), the TI class ships are smaller only than Pioneering Spirit.
Compared to the TI class, the Maersk Triple E class container ships are longer and have a higher cargo volume, including above-deck containers.
The previous largest ship, the supertanker Seawise Giant, was dismantled in 2010.
History
All four oil tankers were constructed for shipping company Hellespont Group by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering in Okpo, South Korea, entering service between March 2002 and April 2003. The ships were originally named Hellespont Alhambra, Hellespont Fairfax, Hellespont Metropolis and Hellespont Tara.
In 2004, Belgian shipowner Euronav NV and partners purchased all four ships. Hellespont Fairfax, Hellespont Tara, Hellespont Alhambra and Hellespont Metropolis were renamed TI Oceania, TI Europe, TI Asia and TI Africa respectively.{{cite web|title=Euronav, partners purchase four tankers|url=https://www.ogj.com/articles/2004/04/euronav-partners-purchase-four-tankers-touted-as-worlds-largest.html|accessdate=9 June 2018|publisher=Oil & Gas Journal}}
Hellespont Fairfax was the subject of The Discovery Channel's television show Superships, episode "Launching a Leviathan—Hellespont Fairfax{{-"}}.
Hellespont Metropolis cost $89 million in 2002, requiring 700,000 man-hours of direct labor.{{cite web|title=Shipyard Productivity|url=http://thorconpower.com/costing/the-shipyard-model|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109052454/http://thorconpower.com/costing/the-shipyard-model|publisher=ThorCon Power|accessdate=26 June 2017|url-status=dead|archivedate=9 January 2015}}
Features
The class, each ship powered by a single HSD-Sulzer 9RTA84T-D delivering {{convert|50220|bhp|lk=in}} at 76 rpm,{{cite web|url=http://www.marinelog.com/DOCS/NEWSMMII/MMIIMar27c.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020623041658/http://www.marinelog.com/DOCS/NEWSMMII/MMIIMar27c.html|title=Hellespont to name ULCC's|publisher=marinelog.com|accessdate=9 June 2018|url-status=dead|archivedate=23 June 2002}} possesses a relatively high service speed ({{convert|16.5|kn|kph|lk=in|disp=semicolon}} laden, {{convert|17.5|kn|kph|disp=semicolon}} in ballast), which increases their earning capacity. The steel scantlings are greater than the class minimum.
These ships are wider than the new Panama Canal locks. They also cannot travel through the Suez Canal unless on a ballast voyage.
The coatings in the ballast tanks are protected by two features, a full-time double-scrubbing system supplying drier inert gas to the ballast tanks, and also by the white painted upper hull reflecting the sun’s energy. The inert gas system also increases safety. Keeping down the cargo temperatures also minimizes hydrocarbon emissions.{{cite web|title=Hellespont Alhambra |url=http://www.wartsila.com/,en,solutions,0,marine_references,32397EA2-BD58-4E21-AEA3-E69DFCF5446E,3D99061B-4028-41C4-A8FA-2715B028D9D5,,.htm |publisher=Wärtsilä|year=2010 |accessdate=3 July 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103091634/http://wartsila.com/,en,solutions,0,marine_references,32397EA2-BD58-4E21-AEA3-E69DFCF5446E,3D99061B-4028-41C4-A8FA-2715B028D9D5,,.htm |archivedate=3 January 2010 }}
Conversion
In 2009 and 2010, TI Asia and TI Africa were converted into sophisticated floating storage and offloading (FSO) vessels, moored off the coast of Qatar in the Persian Gulf at the Al Shaheen Oil Field. The extensive conversions were carried out by EuroNav and Overseas Shipholding Group at Drydocks World – Dubai.{{cite web|title=List of drydocked FSOs|url=http://www.drydocks.gov.ae/en/portal/ofshre.fso.aspx#asia|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111035614/http://www.drydocks.gov.ae/en/portal/ofshre.fso.aspx#asia|publisher=Drydock World|accessdate=9 June 2018|url-status=live|archivedate=11 January 2011}}
In 2017, TI Europe was chartered by Statoil and converted to an FSO vessel, moored at Port of Kuala Sungai Linggi in Malaysia.{{cite web|title=Statoil charters last of the world's largest oil tankers to hold crude for Asia buyers |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asia-oil-appec/statoil-charters-last-of-the-worlds-largest-oil-tankers-to-hold-crude-for-asia-buyers-idUSKCN1C316N |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002224826/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-asia-oil-appec/statoil-charters-last-of-the-worlds-largest-oil-tankers-to-hold-crude-for-asia-buyers-idUSKCN1C316N |work=Reuters|date=28 September 2017 |accessdate=14 January 2018| url-status=live |archivedate=2 October 2017}} In 2019, it was announced that TI Oceania would be converted to an FSO vessel and moored off the coast of Singapore.{{cite news |url=https://www.jwnenergy.com/article/2019/9/ships-set-burn-raw-crude-oil-beat-new-clean-fuel-rules/ |title=Ships set to burn raw crude oil to beat new clean fuel rules |work=JWN Energy Group |agency=Bloomberg |date=2019-09-25 |access-date=2019-09-25}}
Information obtained from IMO GISIS Ship and Company Particulars,{{cite web|title=GISIS: Ship and Company Particulars|url=https://gisis.imo.org/Public/SHIPS/Default.aspx|publisher=IMO|accessdate=9 June 2018}} MarineTraffic,{{cite web|title=Vessel details|url=https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/data/|publisher=MarineTraffic|accessdate=9 June 2018}} Euronav and branches,{{cite web|title=Contact Euronav|url=https://www.euronav.com/en/contact/|publisher=Euronav|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417065521/https://www.euronav.com/en/contact/|accessdate=9 June 2018|url-status=live|archivedate=17 April 2017}} and Subsidiaries of International Seaways{{cite web|title=Subsidiaries of International Seaways|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1679049/000114420416128995/v450402_ex21-1.htm|publisher=SEC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143028/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1679049/000114420416128995/v450402_ex21-1.htm|accessdate=9 June 2018|url-status=live|archivedate=12 June 2018}} 15 February 2020, update Europe ship 8 August 2023, SA Oceania update 4 May 2024.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://www.euronav.com/en/fleet/all-vessels/ Euronav vessels]
- [http://www.intlseas.com/Fleet Seaways Fleet list]
- [http://www.shipspotting.com shipspotting.com]: Categorized ship photos
- [http://www.hellespont.com Hellespont homepage]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ti Class Supertankers}}
Category:Ships built by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering