TOPS System

The TOPS System is a unitary implant composed of two titanium plates connected by an interlocking flexible articulating core. It has metal arms connecting horizontally to pedicles with four polyaxial screws. The device can be implanted after a standard decompression by removing the lamina and medial facets in a "posterior arthroplasty" procedure.{{cite journal |vauthors=Fiani B, Noblett C, Chacon D, Siddiqi I, Pennington E, Kortz M |date=December 2020 |title=Total Posterior Spinal Arthroplasty Systems for Dynamic Stability |journal=Cureus |volume=12 |issue=12 |pages=e12361 |doi=10.7759/cureus.12361 |pmc=7839802 |pmid=33520555 |doi-access=free}} The TOPS System replaces the bony and soft tissue removed during spinal decompression surgery and implants them at the affected spine segment to aid the patient's flexibility.{{Cite web |title=Clinical Trials |url=https://www.oip.com/services-we-offer/clinical-trials/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Orthopedic Institute of Pennsylvania}}

It is designed to treat patients diagnosed with common degenerative spinal diseases, including lumbar spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and other facet joint conditions. One of the differences between the TOPS System and traditional fusion surgery is that the TOPS device allows the patient physical stability and a greater range of movement in all directions.{{Cite web | vauthors = Cappellino A |date=2020-02-13 |title=How Safe is the Total Posterior Spine (TOPS) System? |url=https://www.expertinstitute.com/resources/insights/how-safe-is-the-total-posterior-spine-tops-system |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Expert Institute |language=en}}{{Cite report |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03012776 |title=A Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of the Premia Spine TOPS™ System |last=Premia Spine |date=2022-09-26 |publisher=clinicaltrials.gov |issue=NCT03012776}}

Premia Spine developed the TOPS System and initiated a US trial to compare it with the traditional transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) procedure. Under the Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) study by the FDA, the system was available to a limited number of U.S. patients at select hospitals and institutions.{{cite journal | vauthors = Ament JD, Vokshoor A, Badr Y, Lanman T, Kim KD, Johnson JP | title = A Prospective Study of Lumbar Facet Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis and Stenosis: Early Cost-effective Assessment from the Total Posterior Spine System (TOPS™) IDE Study | journal = Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 82–89 | date = 2022-03-25 | pmid = 35620455 | pmc = 9132256 | doi = 10.36469/001c.33035 }}

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted a breakthrough device designation in March 2021,{{Cite web | vauthors = Kirsh D |date=2021-03-31 |title=Premia Spine wins FDA breakthrough designation for spinal arthroplasty system |url=https://www.massdevice.com/premia-spine-wins-fda-breakthrough-designation-for-spinal-arthroplasty-system/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=MassDevice |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |date=2021-04-01 |title=Premia Spine gets FDA breakthrough device status for TOPS spinalsystem |url=https://www.nsmedicaldevices.com/news/premia-spine-tops/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=NS Medical Devices |language=en-US}} expediting the review process, and later approved the device in 2023.{{Cite web | author = Office of the Commissioner|date= 16 June 2023 |title=FDA Roundup |url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-roundup-june-16-2023 |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=FDA |language=en}}{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}

Studies highlighted its ability to preserve spine biomechanics, measuring effects on disc strain and bulge. Pain and quality of life improvements were quantitatively assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Short Form 36 (SF-36). X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs were used to monitor the implant for adverse events or changes.{{Cite web |title=ClinicalTrials.gov |date=26 September 2022 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03012776 |access-date=2024-05-09}}

A 2012 study presented in Barcelona found that one in four elderly patients who had lumbar spinal fusion for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) or spondylolisthesis needed a second spinal surgery within two years. Additionally, nearly half of these patients were readmitted to the hospital due to complications. Comparatively, Premia Spine's follow-ups over five years in Belgium and Israel suggest that the TOPS System yields significantly better outcomes, with a preoperative complication rate under five percent.{{Cite web |title=Perioperative outcomes, complications, and costs associated with lumbar spinal fusion in older patients with spinal stenosis and spondylolisthesis |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262815893 |access-date=2024-05-09 }}{{Cite web |title=Reuters |website=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-premiaspine-implant-idUKBRE91Q0CD20130227 |access-date=2024-05-09}}{{Cite web |title=Seven-year follow-up on TOPS |url=https://premiaspine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Seven-year-follow-up-on-TOPS-European-Spine-Journal.pdf |access-date=2024-05-09 |publisher=European Spine Journal}}{{Cite web |title=Approved IDE Studies |url=https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coverage/IDE/Approved-IDE-Studies-Items/G160168-NCT03012776 |access-date=2024-05-09 |publisher=CMS}}

In March 2021, Premia Spine received FDA breakthrough device designation for its Tops facet arthroplasty system.{{Cite web |title=Premia Spine Wins FDA Breakthrough Designation for Spinal Arthroplasty System |date=31 March 2021 |url=https://www.massdevice.com/premia-spine-wins-fda-breakthrough-designation-for-spinal-arthroplasty-system/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |publisher=Mass Device}}

In July 2021, Jared Ament presented the clinical and economic evidence supporting the TOPS facet arthroplasty system at the Spine Summit, San Diego, demonstrating its cost-effectiveness compared to TLIF for treating spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis.{{Cite journal |title=A Prospective Study of Lumbar Facet Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis and Stenosis: Early Cost-Effective Assessment from |issue=1 |pages=82–89 |url=https://jheor.org/article/33035-a-prospective-study-of-lumbar-facet-arthroplasty-in-the-treatment-of-degenerative-spondylolisthesis-and-stenosis-early-cost-effective-assessment-from |access-date=2024-05-09 |journal=Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research|date=25 March 2022 |volume=9 |doi=10.36469/001c.33035 | vauthors = Ament JD, Vokshoor A, Badr Y, Lanman T, Kim KD, Johnson JP |pmid=35620455 |pmc=9132256 }}{{Cite web |title=Premia Spine Announces Growing Body of Clinical and Economic Data Supporting its TOPS Spinal Arthroplasty System |url=https://www.biospace.com/article/releases/premia-spine-announces-growing-body-of-clinical-and-economic-data-supporting-its-tops-spinal-arthroplasty-system/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |publisher=BioSpace}}{{Cite journal |title=Mean 5-Year Follow-Up Results of a Facet Replacement Device in the Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Degenerative Spondylolisthesis |doi=10.1016/j.wneu.2021.06.045 |pmid=34144166 |date=2021 |journal=World Neurosurgery |volume=152 |pages=e645–e651 | vauthors = Haleem S, Ahmed A, Ganesan S, McGillion SF, Fowler JL |doi-access=free }}

In November 2021, its intermediate clinical study results, presented at the Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (SMISS) supported the use of the TOPS System for lumbar spinal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis.{{Cite web |title=Premia Spine's TOPS Spinal Arthroplasty System Yields Positive Patient Outcomes at 6 Weeks through 12 Months |date=4 November 2021 |url=https://orthospinenews.com/2021/11/04/premia-spines-tops-spinal-arthroplasty-system-yields-positive-patient-outcomes-at-6-weeks-through-12-months/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |publisher=OrthoSpineNews}}{{Cite web |title=Premia Spine's TOPS Spinal Arthroplasty System Yields Positive Patient Outcomes |date=8 November 2021 |url=https://spinalnewsinternational.com/premia-spines-tops-spinal-arthroplasty-system-yields-positive-patient-outcomes/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |publisher=Spinal News International}}

In June 2022, a study published in the Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research demonstrated that the TOPS System offers significant health and societal benefits compared to TLIF in treating degenerative spondylolisthesis and stenosis.{{Cite web |url=https://thespinemarketgroup.com/study-data-show-premia-spines-tops-spinal-arthroplasty-system-is-cost-effective-compared-with-tlif-becomes-dominant-strategy-over-time/ |title=Study Data Show Premia Spine's TOPS Spinal Arthroplasty System is Cost-Effective Compared with TLIF, Becomes Dominant Strategy Over Time |date=2 June 2022 |publisher=Spine Market Group |access-date=2024-05-09}}{{Cite web |url=https://bonezonepub.com/2022/06/03/study-shows-premia-spines-tops-system-is-cost-effective-vs-tlif/ |title=Study Shows Premia Spine's TOPS System is Cost-Effective vs TLIF |date=3 June 2022 |publisher=Bone Zone Publications |access-date=2024-05-09}}{{Cite web |url=https://jheor.org/article/33035-a-prospective-study-of-lumbar-facet-arthroplasty-in-the-treatment-of-degenerative-spondylolisthesis-and-stenosis-early-cost-effective-assessment-from |title=Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |date=25 March 2022 |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=82–89 |doi=10.36469/001c.33035 |access-date=2024-05-09 | vauthors = Ament JD, Vokshoor A, Badr Y, Lanman T, Kim KD, Johnson JP |pmid=35620455 |pmc=9132256 }}

In September 2022, the journal Operative Neurosurgery published a single-center study evaluating its TOPS System for lumbar spinal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis.{{Cite web |date=2022-06-03 |title=Study Shows Premia Spine's TOPS System Is Cost-effective vs. TLIF |url=https://bonezonepub.com/2022/06/03/study-shows-premia-spines-tops-system-is-cost-effective-vs-tlif/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=BONEZONE |language=en-US}} The paper "Mobility-Maintaining Arthroplasty of the Lumbar Spine with the Second-Generation TOPS System" by Werner Lack, Hans Paul Kutschera, and Josef Krugluge found that the TOPS facet replacement can relieve leg and back pain while maintaining nearly normal range-of-motion for four years without causing adjacent segment disease. The study also noted that the TOPS System uniquely helps patients maintain natural sagittal balance, offering new options for non-fusion treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis.{{Cite web |last=vasundhara |date=2022-09-08 |title=Premia Spine reports positive data from TOPS System study |url=https://www.medicaldevice-network.com/news/premia-spine-tops-system-study/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Medical Device Network |language=en-US}}

Premia Spine received FDA approval to start an IDE trial of the TOPS System with 300 to 500 patients across up to 40 U.S. centers, randomizing participants into TOPS (67%) or fusion (33%) arms. The trial aims to compare the efficacy of TOPS versus TLIF in stabilizing one lumbar level (L2-L5) after decompression in patients with moderate lumbar spinal stenosis and Grade 1 spondylolisthesis, including conditions like thickened ligamentum flavum or scarred facet joints.{{Cite report |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03012776 |title=A Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of the Premia Spine TOPS™ System |last=Premia Spine |date=2022-09-26 |publisher=clinicaltrials.gov |issue=NCT03012776}}

In September 2022, Dr. Dom Coric and colleagues published a study in the Journal of Neurosurgery Spine, which demonstrated that the TOPS System, a motion-preserving treatment for lumbar stenosis with degenerative spondylolisthesis, outperformed TLIF in clinical success rates.{{Cite web |title=SpineFirst Leader Promotes Patient Advocacy and State-of-the-Art Technologies at 2022 Spine Summit |url=https://atriumhealth.org/about-us/newsroom/news/2022/03/spinefirst-leader-promotes-patient-advocacy-and-state-of-the-art-technologies-at-2022-spine-summit |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Atrium Health |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Nucleus replacement devices may yield excellent long-term results in select patients |url=https://www.healio.com/news/orthopedics/20220222/nucleus-replacement-devices-may-yield-excellent-longterm-results-in-select-patients |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=www.healio.com |language=en}}

The FDA concluded, as part of its PMA approval process and commercial release of the TOPS System, that the TOPS group demonstrated a clinically meaningful and substantial advantage over the Fusion control group, with 77% of subjects randomized to the TOPs group achieving composite clinical success, compared to 24% of subjects randomized to the fusion control. Based on these results, the TOPS System was deemed to be superior to the Fusion control with respect to composite clinical success while maintaining equivalent safety.{{Cite journal | author = Center for Devices and Radiological Health |date= 9 August 2023 |title=TOPS System – P220002 |url=https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/recently-approved-devices/tops-system-p220002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920053350/https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/recently-approved-devices/tops-system-p220002 |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 20, 2023 |journal=FDA |language=en}}

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