TRF1
{{For|the protein|Telomeric repeat-binding factor 1}}
{{Short description|French towed howitzer}}
{{Infobox weapon|is_artillery=yes|is_UK=yes
|image=File:F-1-Towed-Gun-howitzer.jpg
|caption=French soldiers prepare to fire a TRF1
|name=TRF1
|type= Towed howitzer
|origin=France
|date=
|prod_date=
|number=
|service=1990–present
|used_by=See Users
|wars=Gulf War{{cite web|title= Quand tire l'artillerie |trans-title=When artillery fires|url=http://secretdefense.blogs.liberation.fr/2008/07/22/quand-tire-lart/|date=22 July 2008|author-link=Jean-Dominique Merchet|first=Jean-Dominique|last=Merchet|language=fr|website=secretdefense.blogs.liberation.fr}}
Russo-Ukrainian War
|caliber=155 mm (6.1 in) NATO standard
|length={{convert|10.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|part_length={{convert|6.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} L/40
|width={{convert|3.09|m|ftin|abbr=on}} traveling
|height={{convert|1.79|m|ftin|abbr=on}} traveling
|carriage=wheeled Split-trail
|weight=10.52 t
|cartridge=
|ammo_wt=
|velocity=
|range={{convert|24|km|mi|abbr=on}} with
high-explosive shells
{{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} with
long-range ammunition
|rate=3 shots in 15 s., 6 shots/min. (because it is necessary to let the tube cool down)
|crew=8
|breech=
|recoil=
|elevation=−6° to +66°
|traverse=27° left / 38° right{{cite book|title=155 TR F1 155 mm Howitzer|url=https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_pdf.cfm?DACH_RECNO=372|series=Ordnance & Munitions Forecast |date=May 2003|publisher=Forecast International}}
|}}
The TRF1, originally known as GIAT 155 mm Tracté (TR) is a 155mm French towed howitzer produced by Nexter (ex Giat Industries) and used by the French Army.
The TRF1 was showcased in 1979 at the Eurosatory arms trade show, as a replacement for Armée de Terre's BF-50. Giat produced it from 1984 to 1993.
Performance
- Setting out of battery: 2 min
- Crossing of slopes of 60%, fords of 1.20m.
- Horizontal field of fire: 445mil to the left, 675mil to the right.
- Hydraulic [https://www.defense.gouv.fr/actualites/ukraine-france-dresse-bilan-equipements-militaires-livres aiming]
Ammunition
- Capacity of tractor: 56 rounds, 32 on pallets and 24 in racks.
- Can fire all 155 mm ammunition (the normal ammunition is the high-explosive shell).
- Casings are combustible, which improves rate of fire: there is nothing to extract before reloading.
Combat history
The TRF1 was used in combat by Ukrainian Ground Forces during the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Photographic evidence shows that at least one TRF1 was destroyed in combat near Lyman.{{Cite web|url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/02/attack-on-europe-documenting-ukrainian.html|title=Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine}}
Operators
=Current operators=
- {{flag|Cyprus}} – 12 delivered in 1991{{sfn|The Military Balance 2016|p=85}}
- {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} – 28 delivered in 1990–1991{{cite web |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |title=Trade Registers |publisher=Armstrade.sipri.org |access-date=15 March 2019}}
- {{flag|Senegal}} – 8 delivered in 2011{{sfn|The Military Balance 2016|p=464}}
- {{flag|Ukraine}} – 6 ex-French Army guns bought in September 2022{{Cite web |title=Ukraine : la France dresse le bilan des équipements militaires livrés |url=https://www.defense.gouv.fr/actualites/ukraine-france-dresse-bilan-equipements-militaires-livres |access-date=2024-03-04 |website=www.defense.gouv.fr}}
= Former operators =
- {{flag|France}} – 105 or 106{{Cite web |title=La seconde vie des TRF1 français commence en Ukraine (actualisé) |url=http://lignesdedefense.blogs.ouest-france.fr/archive/2022/09/09/la-seconde-vie-des-trf1-francais-commence-en-ukraine-23306.html |access-date=2022-09-11 |website=lignesdedefense.blogs.ouest-france.fr |language=fr}} delivered, last retired in April 2022
See also
- {{lwc|Soltam M-71}}
- {{lwc|G5 howitzer}}
{{Commonscat-inline|Canon 155 TRF1}}
References
{{Reflist}}
=Works cited=
- {{cite book |title=The Military Balance 2016 |date=February 2016 |volume=116 |isbn=9781857438352 |publisher=Routledge |ref={{harvid|The Military Balance 2016}} |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}
{{knds}}
{{Artillery of France}}
{{French Army Vehicle}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trf1}}
Category:Post–Cold War artillery of France
Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1990s
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