TRPM1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of non-selective cation channels. It is expressed in the retina, in a subset of bipolar cells termed ON bipolar cells.{{cite journal | vauthors = Morgans CW, Zhang J, Jeffrey BG, Nelson SM, Burke NS, Duvoisin RM, Brown RL| title = TRPM1 is required for the depolarizing light response in retinal ON-bipolar cells | journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | volume = 106 | issue = 45 | pages = 19174–8 | date = 2009 | pmid = 19861548 | pmc = 2776419 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0908711106| bibcode = 2009PNAS..10619174M | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Koike C, Obara T, Uriu Y, Numata T, Sanuki R, Miyata K, Koyasu T, Ueno S, Funabiki K, Tani A, Ueda H, Kondo M, Mori Y, Tachibana M, Furukawa T | title = TRPM1 is a component of the retinal ON bipolar cell transduction channel in the mGluR6 cascade | journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | volume = 107 | issue = 1 | pages = 332–7 | date = 2010 | pmid = 19966281 | pmc = 2806705 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0912730107| bibcode = 2010PNAS..107..332K | doi-access = free }} These cells form synapses with either rods or cones, collecting signals from them. In the dark, the signal arrives in the form of the neurotransmitter glutamate, which is detected by a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction cascade. Detection of glutamate by the GPCR Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 results in closing of the TRPM1 channel. At the onset of light, glutamate release is halted and mGluR6 is deactivated; this results in opening of the TRPM1 channel, influx of sodium and calcium, and depolarization of the bipolar cell.{{cite journal | vauthors = Martemyanov KA, Sampath AP | title = The Transduction Cascade in Retinal ON-Bipolar Cells: Signal Processing and Disease | journal = Annu Rev Vis Sci | volume = 3 | pages = 25–51 | date = 2017 | pmid = 28715957 | pmc = 5778350 | doi = 10.1146/annurev-vision-102016-061338}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Schneider FM, Mohr F, Behrendt M, Oberwinkler J | title = Properties and functions of TRPM1 channels in the dendritic tips of retinal ON-bipolar cells | journal = Eur J Cell Biol | volume = 94 | issue = 7–9 | pages = 420–7 | date = 2015 | pmid = 26111660 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.06.005}}

In addition to the retina, TRPM1 is also expressed in melanocytes, which are melanin-producing cells in the skin. The expression of TRPM1 is inversely correlated with melanoma aggressiveness, suggesting that it might suppress melanoma metastasis.{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TRPM1 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 1| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4308}} However, subsequent work showed that a microRNA located in an intron of the TRPM1 gene, rather than the TRPM1 protein itself, is responsible for the tumor suppressor function.{{cite journal | vauthors = Levy C, Khaled M, Iliopoulos D, Janas MM, Schubert S, Pinner S, Chen PH, Li S, Fletcher AL, Yokoyama S, Scott KL, Garraway LA, Song JS, Granter SR, Turley SJ, Fisher DE, Novina CD | title = Intronic miR-211 assumes the tumor suppressive function of its host gene in melanoma | journal = Mol Cell | volume = 40 | issue = 5 | pages = 841–9 | date = 2010 | pmid = 21109473 | pmc = 3004467 | doi = 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.11.020}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Guo H, Carlson JA, Slominski A | title = Role of TRPM in melanocytes and melanoma | journal = Exp Dermatol | volume = 21 | issue = 9 | pages = 650–4 | date = 2012 | pmid = 22897572 | pmc = 3422761 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01565.x}} The expression of both TRPM1 and the microRNA are regulated by the Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller AJ, Du J, Rowan S, Hershey CL, Widlund HR, Fisher DE | title = Transcriptional regulation of the melanoma prognostic marker melastatin (TRPM1) by MITF in melanocytes and melanoma | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 64 | issue = 2 | pages = 509–16 | date = Jan 2004 | pmid = 14744763 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-2440 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, Widmer DS, Praetorius C, Einarsson SO, Valgeirsdottir S, Bergsteinsdottir K, Schepsky A, Dummer R, Steingrimsson E | title = Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy | journal = Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research | volume = 21 | issue = 6 | pages = 665–76 | date = Dec 2008 | pmid = 19067971 | doi = 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Mazar J, DeYoung K, Khaitan D, Meister E, Almodovar A, Goydos J, Ray A, Perera RJ | title = The regulation of miRNA-211 expression and its role in melanoma cell invasiveness | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 5 | issue = 11 | pages = e13779 | date = 2010 | pmid = 21072171 | pmc = 2967468 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0013779| bibcode = 2010PLoSO...513779M | doi-access = free }}

Mutations in TRPM1 are associated with congenital stationary night blindness in humans {{cite journal | vauthors = Audo I, Kohl S, Leroy BP, Munier FL, Guillonneau X, Mohand-Saïd S, Bujakowska K, Nandrot EF, Lorenz B, Preising M, Kellner U, Renner AB, Bernd A, Antonio A, Moskova-Doumanova V, Lancelot ME, Poloschek CM, Drumare I, Defoort-Dhellemmes S, Wissinger B, Léveillard T, Hamel CP, Schorderet DF, De Baere E, Berger W, Jacobson SG, Zrenner E, Sahel JA, Bhattacharya SS, Zeitz C | title = TRPM1 is mutated in patients with autosomal-recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 85 | issue = 5 | pages = 720–9 | date = Nov 2009 | pmid = 19896113 | pmc = 2775830 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.013 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Li Z, Sergouniotis PI, Michaelides M, Mackay DS, Wright GA, Devery S, Moore AT, Holder GE, Robson AG, Webster AR | title = Recessive mutations of the gene TRPM1 abrogate ON bipolar cell function and cause complete congenital stationary night blindness in humans | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 85 | issue = 5 | pages = 711–9 | date = Nov 2009 | pmid = 19878917 | pmc = 2775833 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.003 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Nakamura M, Sanuki R, Yasuma TR, Onishi A, Nishiguchi KM, Koike C, Kadowaki M, Kondo M, Miyake Y, Furukawa T | title = TRPM1 mutations are associated with the complete form of congenital stationary night blindness | journal = Molecular Vision | volume = 16 | pages = 425–37 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20300565 | pmc = 2838739 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = van Genderen MM, Bijveld MM, Claassen YB, Florijn RJ, Pearring JN, Meire FM, McCall MA, Riemslag FC, Gregg RG, Bergen AA, Kamermans M | title = Mutations in TRPM1 are a common cause of complete congenital stationary night blindness | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 85 | issue = 5 | pages = 730–6 | date = Nov 2009 | pmid = 19896109 | pmc = 2775826 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.012 }} and coat spotting patterns in Appaloosa horses.{{cite journal | vauthors = Bellone RR, Brooks SA, Sandmeyer L, Murphy BA, Forsyth G, Archer S, Bailey E, Grahn B | title = Differential gene expression of TRPM1, the potential cause of congenital stationary night blindness and coat spotting patterns (LP) in the Appaloosa horse (Equus caballus) | journal = Genetics | volume = 179 | issue = 4 | pages = 1861–70 | date = Aug 2008 | pmid = 18660533 | pmc = 2516064 | doi = 10.1534/genetics.108.088807 }}

• TRPM

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• {{MeshName|TRPM1+protein,+human}}

{{NLM content}}

{{Ion channels|g4}}

{{Transient receptor potential channel modulators}}

Category:Ion channels

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