Tabanus bromius
{{Short description|Species of fly}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Tabanus bromius01.jpg
| image_caption = Tabanus bromius female
| authority = Linnaeus, 1758{{cite book |last1=Linnaeus |first1=C. |title=Systema naturae... Ed. 10, Vol. 1 |date=1758 |publisher=L. Salvii|location=Holmiae [= Stockholm] |pages=824 pp |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/2/mode/1up |access-date=14 November 2022}}
| genus = Tabanus
| species = bromius
| display_parents = 3
| synonyms = *Straba bromius ab. simplex Muschamp, 1939
- Tabanus anthophilus Loew, 1858{{cite journal |last1=Loew |first1=H. |title=Zur Kenntniss der europäische n Tabanus-Arten |journal=Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien |date=1858 |volume=8 (Abhandl.) |pages=573–612 |url=https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/VZBG_8_0573-0612.pdf |access-date=12 October 2022}}
- Tabanus bronicus Gimmerthal, 1847{{cite journal |last1=Gimmerthal |first1=B.A. |title=Dritter Beitrag zu einer kunftig zu bearbeitenden Dipterologie Russlands |journal=Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou |date=1847 |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=175-223}}
- Tabanus connexus Walker, 1856{{cite book |last1=Walker |first1=F. |title=nsecta Britannica, Diptera |volume=3 |date=1856 |publisher=L. Reeve |location=London |pages=xxiv + 352 pp., pls. 21-30}}
- Tabanus glaucescens Schiner, 1860{{cite journal |last1=Schiner |first1=Ignaz Rudolph |title=Fauna Austriaca |journal=Theil I. Heft |date=1860 |issue=3/4 |pages=185-368 |pmid=}}
- Tabanus glaucus Meigen, 1820{{cite book |last1=Meigen |first1=J.W. |title=Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäische n zweiflugeligen Insekten |date=1820 |publisher=Zweiter Theil. Forstmann |location=Aachen |pages=xxxvi + 363 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45915#page/9/mode/1up |access-date=8 July 2022}}
- Tabanus maculatus De Geer, 1776{{cite book |last1=De Geer |first1=C. |title=Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des insectes |date=1776 |publisher=P. Hesselberg |location=Stockholm |pages=viii + 523 pp., 30 pls}}
- Tabanus nigricans Szilády, 1914{{cite journal |last1=Szilády |first1=Zoltán |title=Neue oder wenig bekannte paläarktische Tabaniden |journal=Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici |date=1914 |volume=12 |pages=661-673 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/254702#page/677/mode/1up |access-date=18 October 2022}}
- Tabanus scalaris Wiedemann, 1820
}}
Tabanus bromius, sometimes called the band-eyed brown horsefly, is a species of biting horseflies.{{cite book |last1=Chvála |first1=Milan |last2=Lyneborg |first2=Leif |last3=Moucha |first3=Josef |title=The Horse Flies of Europe (Diptera, Tabanidae) |date=1972 |publisher=Entomological Society of Copenhagen |location=Copenhagen |isbn=978-09-00-84857-5 |pages=598pp, 164figs}}
Description
File:Tabanidae - Tabanus bromius-001.JPG Tabanus bromius is one of the smaller European Tabanus, at about {{convert|13.5|-|15|mm|1}} body length.{{cite book|author1=Stubbs, A. |author2=Drake, M. |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=British Soldierflies and Their Allies: A Field Guide to the Larger British Brachycera|pages=512 pp|publisher=British Entomological & Natural History Society |isbn=1-899935-04-5}}
The mesonotum is grayish and bears on the top five indistinct longitudinal lines, while the abdomen is black, hairy and carries three rows of yellowish spots. The ventral side of the abdomen is light gray. The head is silver-gray and the compound eyes are green, with a violet-red transversal band. The wings are transparent, have brown veins and a length of {{convert|10.5|-|11|mm}}.
The females of these flies are bloodsuckers, feeding on mammalian blood, mainly cattle and horses, but they can also bite humans. The males feed on nectar, especially on Angelica sylvestris. The activity of these horseflies takes place in plain daylight, preferably in hot and muggy days and in the absence of wind. They are particularly aggressive during the full and late summer and bites cause painful welts.
The adult horsefly flies from late May until early September.
Distribution
This species is widespread in most of Europe, in the eastern Palearctic realm, in North Africa, and in the Near East.
Habitat
These horseflies prefer open spaces, such as hills or sparsely wooded areas.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160624090729/http://faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=66248 Fauna Europaea]
- [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?lin=s&p=has_linkout&id=304241 NCBI]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1500723}}
Category:Insects described in 1758
Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
{{tabanoidea-stub}}