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Table of keyboard shortcuts#Browsers / Go menu

{{Short description|none}}

{{Dynamic list}}{{For|keyboard shortcuts in Wikipedia|Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts|selfref=yes}}

In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a sequence or combination of keystrokes on a computer keyboard which invokes commands in software.

Most keyboard shortcuts require the user to press a single key or a sequence of keys one after the other. Other keyboard shortcuts require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously (indicated in the tables below by the + sign). Keyboard shortcuts may depend on the keyboard layout.

Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

{{main|Keyboard shortcut}}

Keyboard shortcuts are a common aspect of most modern operating systems and associated software applications. Their use is pervasive enough that some users consider them an important element of their routine interactions with a computer. Whether used as a matter of personal preference or for adaptive technology, the pervasiveness of common conventions means that a meaningful comparison of keyboard shortcuts can be made across various widely used operating systems.

= General shortcuts =

Many shortcuts (such as {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Z}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|E}}, etc.) are just common conventions and are not handled by the operating system. Whether such commands are implemented (or not) depends on how an actual application program (such as an editor) is written and the frameworks used. Not all applications/frameworks follow (all of) these conventions, so if it doesn't work, it isn't compatible.

Some of the combinations are not true for localized versions of operating systems. For example, in a non-English version of Windows, the Edit menu is not always bound to the {{#invoke:key|press|E}} shortcut.

Some software (such as KDE) allow their shortcuts to be changed, and the below list contains the defaults.

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|Emacs

! scope="col"|Vim

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="col"|File menu

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F}}, or {{#invoke:key|press|F10}} then {{#invoke:key|press|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F2}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|`}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|f}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|f}} (gvim)

or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|e}} (vim + NERDTree)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|O}}

scope="col"|Edit menu

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|E}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F2}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|E}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|E}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|`}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|e}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|e}} (gvim)

|

scope="row" |View menu

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F2}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|V}}

|

|

|

scope="col"|Undo the last operation

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Z}}, or
{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Backspace}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Z}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Z}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|u}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|/}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|_}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Undo}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|u}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Z}}

scope="col"|Redo the last operation

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Y}}, or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Shift|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|Z}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Z}}, or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Y}}

|{{smalldiv|1=Same as undo, when undo is exhausted, it redoes. Move the cursor after one or more undos, and further undos will be redos.

Since version 28, also {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|?}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|_}}.

}}

| {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|r}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Z}}

scope="row" |Cut the selection and store it in the clipboard

|Ctrl-X, or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Del}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|X}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|X}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|w}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|x}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|"ax}} to cut in register "a"

or {{#invoke:key|press|"+x}} to cut in system clipboard

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|X}}

scope="row" |Copy the selection into the clipboard

|Ctrl-C, or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Ins}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|C}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|C}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|w}}, or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Ins}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|y}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|"ay}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|"+y}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|C}}

scope="row" |Paste contents of clipboard at cursor

|Ctrl-V,or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Ins}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|y}}, or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Ins}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|p}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|"ap}} to paste the content of the "a" register

or {{#invoke:key|press|"+p}} to paste the content of the system clipboard

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|V}}

scope="row" |Paste special

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Opt|Cmd|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|y}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|V}}

scope="row" |Select all in focused control or window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|A}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|A}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|A}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|h}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|ggVG}}, unlikely ever needed as most commands take an optional range parameter. {{#invoke:key|press|%}} means "all in focused windows" here so e.g. to copy all the text, use {{#invoke:key|press|{{colon}}%y}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|A}}

scope="row" |Cycle through installed keyboard languages / input methods

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Shift}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Space}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|Space}}

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Shift}} changes between languages while {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift}} changes between keyboard layouts of the same language. The latter two display a menu with the currently selected input method highlighted, and debuted in Windows 8. {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|Space}} goes through the list backwards. For the first two shortcuts going backwards is done by using the right {{#invoke:key|press|Shift}} key instead of the left.

|{{#invoke:key|press|Fn}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Space}} on older devices

(not MBR)

Configure desired keypress in Keyboard and Mouse Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu.

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|K}} via KDE Keyboard

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Shift}} in GNOME

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|\}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Space}}

scope="row" |Print

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|P}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|P}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|P}}

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|P}}

scope="row" |Open Help Menu

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|F1}} in GNOME

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Search|S}}

scope="row" |Windows Mobility Center

|Windows 7: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|X}}

Windows 10:
{{#invoke:key|press|Win|X}} then {{#invoke:key|press|B}}

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |PowerUser (WinX) Menu

|Windows 10: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|X}}

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Restart Video Driver

|Windows 10: {{Key press|Ctrl|Shift|Win|B}}{{cite web |url=https://www.howtogeek.com/351164/secret-windows-hotkey-restarts-your-graphics-card-drivers/ |title=Secret Windows Hotkey Restarts Your Graphics Card Drivers |last=Hoffman |first=Chris |publisher=How-To Geek LLC |date=May 4, 2018 |website=howtogeek.com |access-date=January 20, 2021}}{{cite web |url=https://www.nextofwindows.com/windows-10-tip-how-to-restart-video-driver-without-rebooting-computer |title=Windows 10 Tip: How To Restart Video Driver without Rebooting Computer |last=Chen |first=Kent |publisher=Next of Windows |date=May 7, 2018 |website=nextofwindows.com |access-date=January 20, 2021}}

|

|

|

|

|

== System navigation ==

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Lock desktop

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|L}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Cmd|Q}} (macOS High Sierra and greater)
or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Eject}} or MBR {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Pwr}}

(If "Require password after sleep or screen saver" is enabled in "System Preferences — Security & Privacy")

|{{#invoke:key|press|Super|L}} (GNOME) or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|L}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|L}}

scope="row" |Log out user

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|Q}}

|Control-Alt-Delete

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Q}} (Twice)

scope="row" |Switch active user

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|L}}

|

|

|

scope="row" |Applications menu

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Esc}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F2}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|"n"}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Super}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Esc}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search}}

scope="row" |Run application

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win}}, enter executable name or

{{#invoke:key|press|Win|R}}, enter executable name

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Space}}, enter executable name or {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F2}}, enter executable name

|

scope="row" |Search

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win}}, enter executable name or
{{#invoke:key|press|Win|S}} or {{#invoke:key|press|F3}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Space}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win}} (Gnome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search}}

scope="row" |Show desktop

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|H}} or {{#invoke:key|press|F11}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|D}}

|

scope="row" |Access SysTray

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|B}}

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Alt|S}}

scope="row" |Switch window (next/previous)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Tab}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Alt|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Tab}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Shift|Tab}}

(While in app switching window, {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|`}} can be used to select backward, {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|1}} can be used to view selected app's windows)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Tab}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Shift|Tab}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Tab}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Shift|Tab}} to switch windows within the same application (Gnome)

|Hold {{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}, then quickly press {{#invoke:key|press|Tab}}

scope="row" |Switch window without dialog (next/previous)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Esc}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Alt|Esc}}

|Only works within single Applications

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|`}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Shift|`}}

|

|

scope="col"|Task manager

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Esc}},
Control-Alt-Delete

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Cmd|Esc}}
(summons "Force Quit Applications" window)

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|Esc}}

scope="row" |File manager

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|E}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Super|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Alt|M}}

scope="row" |New folder

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|E}}

scope="row" |Rename object

|{{#invoke:key|press|F2}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} or {{#invoke:key|press|F2}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F2}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}

scope="row" |Show hidden files

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|V}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|H}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|H}} again, while in File Explorer, will toggle setting

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|.}}, while in Finder, will toggle setting

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|H}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|.}} in KDE

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|.}}

== Power management ==

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Place computer into sleep/standby mode

|Windows 10: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|x}} > {{#invoke:key|press|u}} > {{#invoke:key|press|s}}

Windows 7: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Right|Right|Enter}}

{{#invoke:key|press|Sleep}} (available on some keyboards)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Cmd|Eject}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Sleep}} (available on some keyboards, configurable in Control Panel ➢ Power Options ➢ Advanced tab dialog box)

|

scope="row" |Shut down computer

|Windows 10: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|x}} > {{#invoke:key|press|u}} > {{#invoke:key|press|u}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Opt|Cmd|Eject}}

(no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Shift|PageDown}}

(KDE; no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)

(GNOME; there is no default shortcut)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Power}} (Hold for 10 seconds)

scope="row" |Restart computer

| Windows 10: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|x}} > {{#invoke:key|press|u}} > {{#invoke:key|press|r}}
Windows 7: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Right|Right|Up|Enter}}

||{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Cmd|Eject}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Cmd|Power}}

(no confirmation, restart is immediate)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Shift|PageUp}}

(KDE; no confirmation, restart is immediate)

|

scope="row" |Place display in sleep mode

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Eject}}

|

|where is lined

scope="row" |Bring up power/sleep dialog box

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Eject}}

|

|

scope="row" |Force shutdown

|{{#invoke:key|press|Power}} (Hold for several seconds)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Cmd|Eject}} or Hold {{#invoke:key|press|Power}} for 10 seconds

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|refresh|power}}

== Screenshots ==

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Save screenshot of entire screen as file

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Print Screen}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|3}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Print Screen}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Show Windows}}

scope="row" |Copy screenshot of entire screen to clipboard

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Print Screen}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Print Screen}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Cmd|3}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Print Screen}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Show Windows}}

scope="row" |Copy screenshot of active window to clipboard

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Print Screen}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Print Screen}}

|

scope="row" |Save screenshot of window as file

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|4}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Space}} then move mouse and click

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Print Screen}} (GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Show Windows}} then move mouse and click

scope="row" |Copy screenshot of window to clipboard

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Cmd|4}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Space}} then move mouse and click

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Print Screen}} (GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Show Windows}} then move mouse and click

scope="row" |Save screenshot of arbitrary area as file

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|4}} then click+drag mouse over required area

|{{#invoke:key|press|Print Screen}} click+drag mouse over required area, then {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} (GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Show Windows}} then click+drag mouse over required area

scope="row" |Copy screenshot of arbitrary area to clipboard (Snip)

|Windows 10: {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|S}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Cmd|4}} then click+drag mouse over required area

|{{#invoke:key|press|Print Screen}} click+drag mouse over required area, then {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} (GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Show Windows}} then click+drag mouse over required area

scope="row" |Screencasting

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Shift|R}} (GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Show Windows}} then select the Screen Record button on the toolbar

scope="row" |Screenshot Utility

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|5}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Print Screen}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Show Windows}}

Save screenshot of the Touch Bar as file

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|6}}{{Cite web |title=Take screenshots or screen recordings on Mac |url=https://support.apple.com/en-ca/guide/mac-help/mh26782/mac |access-date=2025-03-01 |website=Apple Support |language=en}}

|

|

= Text editing =

Many of these commands may be combined with {{#invoke:key|press|Shift}} to select a region of text.{{Cite web |title=Use keyboard shortcuts to create PowerPoint presentations - Microsoft Support |url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/use-keyboard-shortcuts-to-create-powerpoint-presentations-ebb3d20e-dcd4-444f-a38e-bb5c5ed180f4#bkmk_selecttext_win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240528002323/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/use-keyboard-shortcuts-to-create-powerpoint-presentations-ebb3d20e-dcd4-444f-a38e-bb5c5ed180f4%23bkmk_selecttext_win |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=support.microsoft.com}}{{Cite web |title=Keyboard shortcuts to select and move text in a document |url=https://help.hcltechsw.com/notes/11.0.0/acc_sho_edit_r.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240528090345/https://help.hcltechsw.com/notes/11.0.0/acc_sho_edit_r.html |archive-date=2024-05-28 |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=help.hcltechsw.com |language=en-us}}

In macOS, holding {{#invoke:key|press|Command}} while dragging mouse can be used to invert selection, and holding {{#invoke:key|press|Option}} can be used to select by rectangular area in some apps. (These two functionalities may be combined).

In macOS, the default text editing keyboard shortcuts in Cocoa text views can be overridden and new custom shortcuts can be created, by creating and editing related configuration files.{{cite web|website=Apple Developer Documentation Archive|date=September 9, 2013|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/EventOverview/TextDefaultsBindings/TextDefaultsBindings.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310213842/https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/EventOverview/TextDefaultsBindings/TextDefaultsBindings.html|archive-date=March 10, 2024|title=Text System Defaults and Key Bindings

|access-date=2024-01-18}}

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|Emacs

! scope="col"|Vim

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Delete char to the right of cursor

|{{#invoke:key|press|Del}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Del}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Backspace}}

or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl+D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Del}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|d}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|x}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Backspace}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Search|Backspace}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Del}}

scope="row" |Delete word to the right of cursor

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Del}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Del}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Fn|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Del}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|d}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|dw}}
(delete space too) or

{{#invoke:key|press|de}} (keep space)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Search|Backspace}}

scope="row" |Delete word to the left of cursor

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Backspace}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|dge}}
(delete space too) or

{{#invoke:key|press|db}} (keep space)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Backspace}}

scope="row" |Go to start of line

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|←}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|←}}
(go to start of line)
or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|A}}
(go to start of paragraph)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|a}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|^}}
(go to first non-space) or
{{#invoke:key|press|0}}
(go to column 0)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|←}}

scope="row" |Go to end of line

|{{#invoke:key|press|End}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|→}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|→}}
(go to end of line)
or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|E}}
(go to end of paragraph)

|{{#invoke:key|press|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|e}}
or

{{#invoke:key|press|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|$}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|→}}

scope="row" |Go to start of document

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|<}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|gg}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Search|←}}

scope="row" |Go to end of document

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|>}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|G}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Search|→}}

scope="row" |Go to previous word

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|←}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|/}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|←}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Opt|B}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|←}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|b}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|←}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|←}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|b}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|ge}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|←}}

scope="row" |Go to next word

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|→}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|→}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Opt|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|→}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|f}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|→}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|→}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|w}} or {{#invoke:key|press|e}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|→}}

scope="row" |Go to previous line

|{{#invoke:key|press|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|↑}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|p}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|p}} or {{#invoke:key|press|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|k}} or {{#invoke:key|press|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|↑}}

scope="row" |Go to next line

|{{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|↓}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|n}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|n}} or {{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|j}} or {{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

scope="row" |Go to previous line break (paragraph)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|↑}}
(kword or GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|(}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Control|Up}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|(}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|↑}}

scope="row" |Go to next line break

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|↓}}
(kword or GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|{{)}}}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Control|Down}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|)}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|↓}}

scope="row" |Move the cursor down the length of the viewport

|{{#invoke:key|press|Page Down}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|PageDn}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Fn|↓}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Page Down}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|v}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Page Down}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|f}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Page Down}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|↓}}

scope="row" |Move the cursor up the length of the viewport

|{{#invoke:key|press|Page Up}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|PageUp}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Fn|↑}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Page Up}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|v}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Page Up}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|b}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Page Up}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|↑}}

id="Go to find"

! scope="row" |Find

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|F}}
or

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|E}}
(search with current selection)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F}}

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|K}} (GNOME; interactive search)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|s}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|/}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F}}

scope="row" |Go to next search result

|{{#invoke:key|press|F3}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|G}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|G}} (GNOME) or

{{#invoke:key|press|F3}} (KDE)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|s}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|n}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|G}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}}

scope="row" |Go to previous search result

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F3}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|G}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|G}} (GNOME) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F3}} (KDE)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|r}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|G}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Enter}}

scope="row" |Search and replace

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|H}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|H}} (GNOME) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|R}} (KDE)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|%}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|%s/fosh/fish/gc}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|H}}

scope="row" |Search with a regular expression

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Meta|s}}

|rowspan="2"| All searches use regular expressions.

|

scope="row" |Search and replace with a regular expression

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Meta|%}}

|

scope="row" |Emoji Picker

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|.}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Win|;}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Cmd|Space}}

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|Shift|Space}}

== Text formatting ==

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows WordPad

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|Emacs

! scope="col"|Vim

scope="row" |Bold

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|B}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|B}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|B}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|o}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|b}}

|

scope="row" |Underline

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|U}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|U}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|U}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|o}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|u}}

|

scope="row" |Italic

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|I}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|I}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|I}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|o}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|i}}

|

scope="row" |Uppercase / Lowercase

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|A}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Cmd|C}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift}}+{{#invoke:key|press|F3}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|u}} for upper,

{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|l}} for lower,

{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|c}} for capitalized.

|{{#invoke:key|press|gU}} for upper, {{#invoke:key|press|gu}} for lower, {{#invoke:key|press|~}} to toggle.

scope="row" |Superscript

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|{{=}}}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Cmd|+}} (some applications only)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|P}}

|

|

scope="row" |Subscript

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|{{=}}}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Cmd

}} (some applications only)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|B}}

|

|

scope="row" |Selected text larger/smaller

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|>}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|<}}

or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|[}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl/core|]}}

or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|>}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|<}}{{Cite web |title=The Ultimate Guide to PowerPoint Keyboard Shortcuts (2025) |url=https://www.pptpie.com/ultimate-guide-powerpoint-keyboard-shortcuts |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=PowerPoint Pie |language=en-US}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|+}}
{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd

}}

|

|

|

scope="row" |Selected text Bullets or Numbered Items

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|L}}

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Insert Linebreak/Newline

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Enter}}

or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}


or

{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Enter}}
(may be able to skip some editor-defined input processing)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}

|

|

scope="row" |Insert Unicode

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|X}} + character codepoint

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt}} + character codepoint
("Unicode Hex Input" must be added and active as current input source)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|U}} + character codepoint

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|v}}+{{#invoke:key|press|u}} + character codepoint

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|X|8}} + character codepoint

= Browsers / Go menu =

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Go to Address Bar

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl}}+{{#invoke:key|press|L}} / {{#invoke:key|press|F6}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}+{{#invoke:key|press|D}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|C}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|E}}
depending on language

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|L}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|G}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl}}+{{#invoke:key|press|L}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}+{{#invoke:key|press|D}} or {{#invoke:key|press|F6}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|L}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|D}}

scope="row" |Go to the previous location in history{{cite web|title=Browser Shortcuts|url=http://mirus-it.co.uk/keyboard-shortcuts/|publisher=Mirus IT|access-date=17 July 2015}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Left}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|[}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Left}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Left}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Left}}

scope="row" |Go to the next location in history

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Right}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Backspace}} (web browser only)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|]}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Right}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Right}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Right}}

scope="row" |Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Up}} (Vista, 7, 8 or 10 only) or {{#invoke:key|press|Backspace}} (Windows Explorer)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Up}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Up}}

|

scope="row" |Go to the starting page defined by the user or application

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Home}} (KDE) /

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Home}} (GNOME)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Search|Left}}

== Web browsers ==

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|Emacs-w3m

! scope="col"|Vimperator

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Bookmarks menu

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|B}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|B}}

(Firefox)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|B}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|v}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|{{colon}}bmarks}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|B}}

scope="row" |URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .com)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Enter}} (Firefox) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}} (Chrome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Enter}}

scope="row" |URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .org)

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Cmd|Enter}} (Firefox)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Enter}}

|

|

|

scope="row" |URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .net)

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Enter}} (Firefox)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Enter}}

|

|

|

scope="row" |Add bookmark for current page

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|B}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|a}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|{{colon}}bmark}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|D}}

scope="row" |Add bookmark for current link

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|a}}

|

|

scope="row" |Manage bookmarks

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|O}} (MS Edge/Chrome/Firefox)
or
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|B}} (Internet Explorer)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Opt|B}} (Chrome/Safari) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Shift|B}} (Firefox)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|R}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|B}}

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|O}}

scope="row" |Move focus to Web search bar

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|E}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|E}} (Opera) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|K}} (Firefox) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Cmd|F}} (Safari/Chrome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|k}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|t}} (open in a new tab) or
{{#invoke:key|press|T}} (open in current tab)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|E}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|K}}

scope="row" |Move focus to address bar

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|L}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|F6}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|L}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|L}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|D}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|F6}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|g}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|O}} to alter URL,
use {{#invoke:key|press|y}} to copy it.

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|L}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|D}}

scope="row" |Refresh a webpage

|{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|F5}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F5}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|r}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|⟲}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|R}}

scope="row" |Refresh a webpage ignoring cache

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F5}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Cmd|E}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|F5}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|R}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|R}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|R}}

scope="row" |Open a new window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|N}}
(Chrome, hold shift to open new window in Incognito)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|N}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|{{colon}}winopen}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|N}}

scope="row" |Zoom Options
(zoom in /
zoom out /
zoom 100%)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|+}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl

}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|0}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|+}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd

}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|0}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|+}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl

}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|0}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|zi}} / {{#invoke:key|press|zo}} / {{#invoke:key|press|zz}} (text only)

or {{#invoke:key|press|zI}} / {{#invoke:key|press|zO}} / {{#invoke:key|press|zZ}} (text and images)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|+}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl

}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|0}}

== Tab management ==

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|Linux

! scope="col"|Emacs-w3m

! scope="col"|Vimperator

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |New tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|T}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|T}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|N}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|T}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|T}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|c}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|t}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|t}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|T}}

scope="row" |Close tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|W}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}} Firefox & Opera & Chrome & GNOME Web & Midori

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F4}} Firefox & Opera & Chrome

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|d}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}}

scope="row" |Close all tabs but the current one

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Opt|T}} (Safari)

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|c}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Meta|w}}

|

|

scope="row" |Go to next tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Shift|→}} (Safari)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|PageDown}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|.}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|c}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|n}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|gt}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}}

scope="row" |Go to previous tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|tab}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Shift|←}} (Safari)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|PageUp}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}}
or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|,}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|c}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|p}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|gT}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}}

scope="row" |Go to tab-{{Mvar|n}}Holding Ctrl+Shift+Page Up/Page Down will move the selected tab past multiple tabs to the left/right.

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|n}}
(MS Edge,Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|n}} (Chrome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|n}} (Chrome, Firefox) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|n}} (Chrome)

|rowspan="2"|

|rowspan="2"|First tab: {{#invoke:key|press|g0}}

Last tab: {{#invoke:key|press|g$}}

|rowspan="2"|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|b}}

scope="row" |Go to last tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|9}}
(Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|9}} (Chrome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|9}} (Chrome, Firefox) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|9}} (Chrome)

scope="row" |Move a tab to the left

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Page Up}}
(MS Edge,Chrome, Firefox)

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Move a tab to the right

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Page Down}}
(MS Edge,Chrome, Firefox)

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Open a previously closed tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|T}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Shift|T}}
(Firefox, Opera, Chrome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|T}}

(Firefox, Opera, Chrome)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|T}} (Firefox)

|{{#invoke:key|press|u}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|T}}

scope="row" |Open a previously closed window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|N}} (Firefox)

|

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|T}}

scope="row" |Close the current internet tab

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|F11}}

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}}

= Window management =

class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"

|+

scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|KDE

! scope="col"|GNOME

! scope="col"|Emacs

! scope="col"|ChromeOS

scope="row" |Force window mode (Application requires functionality for set action)

|{{#invoke:key|press|0|Enter}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Opt|Alt|Enter}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Option|Alt|F}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|F}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Option|F}}

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Pop up window menu

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F3}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|`}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|b}}

|

scope="row" |Close the focused window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|C}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|W}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|k}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}}

scope="row" |Close all windows of current application

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Opt|W}}

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|W}}

scope="row" |Restore the focused window to its previous size

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|R}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F3}} then {{#invoke:key|press|X}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F5}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|r}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|j}}, then letter of the window state register.

|

scope="row" |Move the focused window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|M}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Arrow Keys}}.
Press {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} to save new location and {{#invoke:key|press|Esc}} to cancel

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}+Mouse /

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F3}} then {{#invoke:key|press|M}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Arrow Keys}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}+Mouse /

{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F7}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Arrow Keys}}

|

|

scope="row" |Resize the focused window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|S}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Arrow Keys}}.
{{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} to save new size and {{#invoke:key|press|Esc}} to cancel

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F3}} then {{#invoke:key|press|S}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Arrow Keys}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F8}} then {{#invoke:key|press|Arrow Keys}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}+Right Mouse Button

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|^}} vertically

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|]}} (snap window to right half of screen), {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|[}} (snap window to left half of screen)

scope="row" |Keep window always on top

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Esc}} (toggles on/off)

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Hide the focused window

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|H}}
(Hides all windows of the currently active application)

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|x}}, then bury-buffer, then {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}}

|

scope="row" |Hide all except the focused window

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Option|H}}

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Put the focused window furthest back (in tab order and Z axis)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Esc}}

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Minimize the focused window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|N}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Win|down}} (Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows 7+)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|M}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F3}} then {{#invoke:key|press|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F9}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|x}}, then bury-buffer, then {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt

}}
scope="row" |Maximize the focused window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|X}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Win|up}} (Windows 7+)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|L}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F3}} then {{#invoke:key|press|X}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F10}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|1}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|=}}

scope="row" |Maximize horizontally

|

|

|Available, but no default

|Available, but no default

|

|

scope="row" |Maximize vertically

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|Up}} (Windows 7+)

|Available ('Zoom'), but no default

|Available, but no default

|Available, but no default

|

|

scope="row" |Minimize all

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|M}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Win|D}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Opt|M}}

|Available, but no default

|

|

|

scope="row" |Minimize all non focused windows

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Home}} (Windows 7+)

|

|Available, but no default

|

|

|

scope="row" |Undo minimize all

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|M}}

|

|Available, but no default

|

|

|

scope="row" |Switch fullscreen/normal size

|{{#invoke:key|press|F11}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|Enter}} (UWP apps only)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Ctrl|F}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F11}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F11}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Fullscreen}}

scope="row" |Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar

|

|Depends on application, system default: {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Ctrl|F}} and
{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|F}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F11}}

|

|

scope="row" |Rollup/down window

|Win+D

|

|Available, but no default

|

|

|

scope="row" |Show all open windows

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F3}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|F9}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|F9}} or

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win}} works per desktop on Gnome 3+

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|b}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Show Windows}}

scope="row" |Show all windows of current application

|⊞ Win+Tab ↹

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F3}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|F10}} or

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|`}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|x}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|b}}

|

scope="row" |Show all workspaces

|{{#invoke:key|press|win|tab}} (Windows 10)

|{{#invoke:key|press|F8}} or

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Show Windows}}

scope="row" |Move window to left/right/up/down workspace

|{{#invoke:key|press|win|Left}}/{{#invoke:key|press|Right}} (Windows 7+)

|

|Available, but no default

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Shift|Left}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Right}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Search|[}}/{{#invoke:key|press|]}}

scope="row" |Move window between multiple monitors

|{{#invoke:key|press|win|Shift|Left}}/{{#invoke:key|press|Right}} (Windows 7+)

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|win|Shift|Left}}/{{#invoke:key|press|Right}}/{{#invoke:key|press|win|Shift|Up}}/{{#invoke:key|press|Down}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Search|M}}

scope="row" |Move window to workspace {{Mvar|n}}

|

|

|Available, but no default

|

|

|

scope="row" |Switch to next/previous workspace list

|

|

|Available, but no default

|

|

|

scope="row" |Go to workspace {{Mvar|n}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|n}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Fn}}

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Search|n}}

scope="row" |Go to left/right/up/down workspace

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Left}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Right}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Up}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Down}} (OS X 10.5 to 10.6),

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Left}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Right}} (OS X 10.7 and later)

|Available, but no default

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Left}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Right}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Search|[}}/{{#invoke:key|press|]}}

scope="row" |Quit application of current window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F4}} varies

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Q}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Esc}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Q}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|q}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|W}}

scope="row" |Close dialog

|{{#invoke:key|press|Esc}} (Laptop)
{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Down|F4}} (Desktop)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Esc}}
or sometimes
{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|.}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Esc}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Esc}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|W}}

scope="row" |Open/Focus (preview) pinned program on the taskbar

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar (Windows 7+)

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the GNOME Dash

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the Shelf

scope="row" |Open new program window of pinned program in Quick Launch

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the Quick Launch toolbar (Windows Vista, 7+)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|A|Shift}}

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the Shelf

scope="row" |Open new program window of the pinned program on the taskbar (if program is already opened)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Shift|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar (Windows 7+)

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Ctrl|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the GNOME Dash

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|(#)}} where "#" is the position of the program on the Shelf

scope="row" |Focus the first taskbar entry; pressing again will cycle through them

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|T}}, then {{#invoke:key|press|Left}}{{#invoke:key|press|Right}} back and forth; hold {{#invoke:key|press|Shift}} to cycle backwards (Windows 7+)

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Peek at the desktop

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Space}} (Windows 7)
{{#invoke:key|press|Win|Comma}} (Windows 8+)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|F3}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|F11}} or

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |Bring gadgets to the front of the Z-order and cycle between gadgets

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|G}} (Windows Vista,7) or {{#invoke:key|press|Win|Space}} (Vista only, no cycling)

|

|

|

|

|

scope="row" |External display options (mirror, extend desktop, etc.)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|P}} (Windows 7+)

|

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Fullscreen}}

= User interface navigation (widgets and controls) =

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|KDE

! scope="col"|GNOME

scope="row" |Moves keyboard focus to next/previous control

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Tab}}

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}}

scope="row" |Pop up tooltip for currently focused control

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F1}}

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F1}}

scope="row" |Show context-sensitive help for currently focused window or control

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F1}}

|style="background: #f9f9e9;"|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|?}}
(Not context-sensitive, functionally a "Spotlight" for menu bar items and help topics)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F1}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F1}}

scope="row" |Give focus to next/previous pane

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F6}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F5}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}}
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|F5}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F6}}

scope="row" |Give focus to splitter bar in paned window

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|F8}}

scope="row" |Give focus to window's menu bar

|{{#invoke:key|press|F10}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Fn|M}} or
{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F2}} (or {{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Ctrl|F2}} on some keyboards)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F10}}

scope="row" |Pop up contextual menu for currently selected objects (aka context menu)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F10}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Menu}}

|Varies with laptop / extended keyboard type; enable Mouse keys in Universal Access, then {{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Ctrl|5}} or

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|5}} (numeric keypad) or

{{#invoke:key|press|Function|Ctrl|I}} (laptop)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Menu}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Menu}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Shift|F10}}

scope="row" |Toggle selected state of focused checkbox, radio button, or toggle button

|{{#invoke:key|press|Space}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Space}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Space}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Space}}

scope="row" |Activate focused button, menu item etc.

|{{#invoke:key|press|Enter}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Space}} (also {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} for menu items)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Enter}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Enter}}

scope="row" |Expand a drop-down list

|{{#invoke:key|press|F4}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Down}}

|

|

|

scope="row" |Select/move to first/last item in selected widget

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}} / {{#invoke:key|press|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}} / {{#invoke:key|press|End}}

scope="row" |Scroll selected view by one page up/left/down/right

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|PageUp}} / {{#invoke:key|press|PageDown}}

( {{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Up}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Down}} )

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|PageUp}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|PageUp}} /
{{#invoke:key|press|PageDown}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|PageDown}}

scope="row" |Scroll selected view to top/bottom

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}} / {{#invoke:key|press|End}}

( {{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Left}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Fn|Right}} )

|

|

scope="row" |Switch focus to the next/previous tab/view within a window

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}}

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Tab}} ->

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Shift|Tab}} <-

scope="row" |Switch focus to the next/previous panel on the desktop

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Tab}} / {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Shift|Tab}}

scope="row" |Switch focus to the next/previous panel (without dialog)

|

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Esc}} /

{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Alt|Shift|Esc}}

= Command line shortcuts =

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment. Bash and Z shell keybindings are derived from Emacs text editing bindings.

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="row" |Windows
(cmd.exe)

! scope="row" |Windows
(PowerShell)

! scope="col"|Unix-like
(bash, zsh)

! scope="row" |Unix-like
(POSIX-compliant shell)

scope="row" |Scroll through history of typed commands

|{{#invoke:key|press|Up}}/{{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Up}}/{{#invoke:key|press|↓}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Up}}/{{#invoke:key|press|↓}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|P}}/{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|N}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|ESC}} {{#invoke:key|press|K}} / {{#invoke:key|press|ESC}} {{#invoke:key|press|J}}

---
---

! scope="row" |Signal end-of-file

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Z}}

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|D}}

|

scope="row" |Abort current command/typing

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|C}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|C}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|C}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|C}}

scope="row" |Erase word to the left

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Backspace}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Esc|Backspace}}

|

scope="row" |Erase word to the right

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Delete}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Delete}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|D}}

|

scope="row" |Erase line to the left

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|U}}

|

scope="row" |Erase line to the right

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|K}}

|

scope="row" |Yank/paste previously erased string

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Y}}

|

scope="row" |Move one word to the left (backward)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Left}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Left}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|B}}

|

scope="row" |Move one word to the right (forward)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Right}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Right}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F}}

|

scope="row" |Move to beginning of line

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Home}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|A}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|Home}}

|

scope="row" |Move to end of line

|{{#invoke:key|press|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|End}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|E}}

or {{#invoke:key|press|End}}

|

scope="row" |Reverse search of history

|{{#invoke:key|press|F8}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|F8}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|R}}

|

scope="row" |Pause execution of the current job

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Z}}

|

scope="row" |Insert the next character typed verbatim

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|V}}

|

scope="row" |Autocomplete command/file name

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}} (enabled by default in Windows XP and later)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Tab}} (usually once)

|{{#invoke:key|press|Esc}} (usually twice)

scope="row" |Paste contents of clipboard at cursor

|{{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} then {{#invoke:key|press|E}} then {{#invoke:key|press|P}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|V}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|Ins}}

|

scope="row" |Scroll window up

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|PageUp}} (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)

|{{#invoke:key|press|PageUp}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|PageUp}}

|

scope="row" |Scroll window down

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|PageDown}} (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)

|{{#invoke:key|press|PageDown}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift|PageDown}}

|

scope="row" |Clear screen

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|L}}

|

= Accessibility =

  • In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access control panel.
  • In GNOME, these shortcuts are possible, if Universal Access is enabled on the system.

class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
scope="col" |Action

! scope="col"|Windows

! scope="col"|macOS

! scope="col"|KDE

! scope="col"|GNOME

scope="row" |Utility Manager

|{{#invoke:key|press|Win|U}}

|

|

|

scope="col"|Use keyboard to control cursor

|{{#invoke:key|press|Left Alt|Left Shift|Numlock}}

|

|

|

scope="col"|Allow user to press shortcuts one key at a time

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift}} press 5 times

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift}} 5 times

scope="col"|Hear beep when -lock key pressed

|{{#invoke:key|press|Numlock}} hold 5 seconds

|

|

|

scope="col"|Stop/slow repeating characters when key is pressed

|{{#invoke:key|press|Right Shift}} hold 8 seconds

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Shift}} hold for 8 seconds

scope="row" |Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode

|{{#invoke:key|press|Left Alt|Left Shift|PrtScn}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Opt|Ctrl|8}}

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|Shift|i}} (if enabled)

|

scope="row" |Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode (Only current window)

|

|

|{{#invoke:key|press|Meta|Shift|u}} (if enabled)

|

scope="row" |Accessibility ShortcutThis can be set as Greyscale, Invert Colours, Magnifier and more in Ease of Access settings

|{{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|Win|C}}

|

|

|

See also

Notes

{{Reflist|30em|group=notes|refs=

Takes you to the "Switch User" screen when Fast User Switching has been enabled (enabled by default in XP).

Shows task manager in Windows XP if the welcome screen is enabled. Otherwise displays an NT-style menu, with the option of launching the task manager; likewise for Vista.

Needs to be activated first on some distributions.

In Microsoft Windows, all shortcuts with {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} followed by another key are language dependent. The {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|Space}} combination opens the window menu, and the following key selects from the menu. As the menu labels (and their underlined hotkeys) vary with the Windows system language, the hotkeys are different for international versions of Microsoft Windows, and may change if users change their Windows system language preference. The given examples are valid for English user preferences/version of Windows.

The WinSplit window manager application for Windows knows to emulate this behaviour.

There is no single consistent shortcut for closing a document or quitting an application in Windows XP. In many multiple document interface applications, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}} or {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F4}} closes a document and {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}} quits. In other applications where each document is in its own window, such as later versions of Microsoft Word, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|W}}, {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F4}}, and {{#invoke:key|press|Alt|F4}} close a document, and there is no consistent shortcut for quitting an application.

macOS uses {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|W}} Close (window), {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Q}} Quit (application), and {{#invoke:key|press|Cmd|Opt|Esc}} Force Quit (application); {{#invoke:key|press|Option|F4}} can be used to quit certain services or applications. Quit is closest to Kill.

For the concept of "selected text" see also X Window selection

In whole document ({{#invoke:key|press|%}}), substitute ({{#invoke:key|press|s}}) fosh by fish, don't stop at one substitution per line ({{#invoke:key|press|g}}) and ask for confirmation for each substitution ({{#invoke:key|press|c}}).

Requires full keyboard access active:
12px (The Apple menu) > System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Full Keyboard Access > All Controls
Alternatively use {{#invoke:key|press|Ctrl|F7}} to toggle this setting.

Highlighted shortcuts are from the list of "sacred" keybindings.

On Mac OS, OS X, and macOS, the key commonly called {{#invoke:key|press|Enter}} is properly called {{#invoke:key|press|↩ Return}}, while {{#invoke:key|press|⌅ Enter}} is a separate key normally located on the numeric keypad or invoked as {{#invoke:key|press|Opt|↩ Return}} (mainly on keyboards without a numeric keypad).

A full list of all default Cocoa textview key bindings can be dumped by executing this command in Terminal.app: plutil -p /System/​Library/​Frameworks/​AppKit.framework/​Resources/​StandardKeyBinding.dict

}}

References

{{Reflist|30em|refs=

{{cite web

| title = Mac 101: Set your preferences

| work = Article: HT2490

| publisher = Apple Inc.

| url = http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2490#l4

| access-date = 2010-11-03}}

{{cite web

|last=Singh

|first=Swapnil

|url=http://tricktactoe.com/offbeats/10-cool-windows-shortcuts-you-need-to-know/

|title=10 Cool Windows Shortcuts You Need to Know

|publisher=Tricktactoe.com

|date=2012-02-08

|access-date=2012-09-20}}

{{cite web

|last=Tate

|first=Jody

|url=https://apple.stackexchange.com/a/300046

|title=High Sierra 10.13 : Keychain Access Menubar Item Missing?

|publisher=StackExchange.com

|date=2017-09-27

|access-date=2018-01-22}}

{{cite web

| url = https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/keyboard-shortcuts-set.html

| title = Set keyboard shortcuts

| website = GNOME Help

| publisher = The GNOME Project

| access-date = 2023-06-28}}

{{cite web

| title = Mac keyboard shortcuts

| work = Article: HT201236

| publisher = Apple Inc.

| url = http://support.apple.com/HT201236

| access-date = 2020-01-02}}

{{cite web

| title = How to take a screenshot on your Mac

| work = Article: HT201361

| publisher = Apple Inc.

| url = http://support.apple.com/HT201361

| access-date = 2020-01-02}}

{{cite web

|title = Taking Screenshots

|url = http://library.gnome.org/users/user-guide/2.32/tools-screenshot.html.en

|work = User Guide 2.32

|publisher = The GNOME Project

|access-date = 24 March 2012

|url-status = dead

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120609050558/http://library.gnome.org/users/user-guide/2.32/tools-screenshot.html.en

|archive-date = 9 June 2012

}}

{{cite web

|title=Screencast Recording

|url=https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet#screencast-recording

|work=GNOME Cheat Sheet

|publisher=The GNOME Project

|access-date=20 April 2016}}

{{cite web

|title=Screen Shot Record

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/screen-shot-record.html.en

|work=GNOME Help Guide

|publisher=The GNOME Project

|access-date=24 March 2012}}

{{cite web

|url=https://techbase.kde.org/Projects/Usability/HIG/Keyboard_Shortcuts

|title=HIG/Keyboard Shortcuts

|work=KDE Techbase

|publisher=KDE

|access-date=2020-01-02}}

{{cite web

|title=Appendix A — Keyboard Shortcuts

|url=http://wiki.documentfoundation.org/images/0/00/0115GS3-KeyboardShortcuts.odt

|work=Libre Office Documentation

|publisher=The Document Foundation

|access-date=26 April 2012}}

{{cite web

|author=Linux Mint Community

|url=https://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/332

|title=OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice keyboard shortcuts

|publisher=Community.LinuxMint.com

|access-date=2012-09-20}}

{{cite web

|url=https://support.mozilla.org/kb/keyboard-shortcuts-perform-firefox-tasks-quickly

|title=Keyboard shortcuts — Firefox Help

|publisher=Support.mozilla.org

|access-date=2020-01-02}}

{{cite web

|url=https://help.opera.com/en/latest/shortcuts/

|title=Keyboard shortcuts — Opera Help

|publisher=Help.opera.com

|access-date=2020-01-02}}

{{cite web

|url=https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/157179

|title=Keyboard shortcuts — Google Chrome Help

|publisher=Google Inc.

|access-date=2020-01-02}}

{{cite web

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/epiphany/stable/shortcuts.html.en#keyboard-shortcuts

|title=Shortcuts

|publisher=Library.gnome.org

|access-date=2012-09-20}}

{{cite web

|url=http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?path=Mac/10.6/en/9045.html

|title=Mac OS X 10.6 Help: Using a screen saver

|publisher=Docs.info.apple.com

|access-date=2011-01-03}}

{{cite web

|url=http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?path=Mac/10.4/en/mh2194.html

|title=Mac OS X 10.4 Help: Setting a hot corner for Dashboard

|publisher=Docs.info.apple.com

|access-date=2011-01-03}}

{{cite web

|title=Click and Move Mouse Pointer Using the Keypad

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/mouse-mousekeys.html.en

|work=GNOME Library

|publisher=GNOME Foundation

|access-date=8 May 2012}}

{{cite web

|title=Turn on Sticky Keys

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/a11y-stickykeys.html.en

|work=GNOME Library

|publisher=GNOME Foundation

|access-date=8 May 2012}}

{{cite web

|title=Turn On Slow Keys

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/a11y-slowkeys.html.en

|work=GNOME Library

|publisher=GNOME Foundation

|access-date=8 May 2012}}

{{cite web

|title=Turn Off Repeated Key Presses

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/keyboard-repeat-keys.html.en

|work=GNOME Library

|publisher=GNOME Foundation

|access-date=8 May 2012}}

{{cite web

|title=Turn On Bounce Keys

|url=http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/a11y-bounacekeys.html.en

|work=GNOME Library

|publisher=GNOME Foundation

|access-date=8 May 2012}}

{{cite web

|title=What's New in macOS Mojave - Screenshots

|url=https://help.apple.com/macOS/mojave/whats-new/#screenshots

|publisher=Apple

|access-date=18 April 2019}}

}}

External links

{{div col|colwidth=22em|content=

  • macOS
  • [https://support.apple.com/HT201236 Mac keyboard shortcuts]
  • [https://support.apple.com/guide/safari/cpsh003/mac Keyboard shortcuts in Safari for Mac]
  • Windows
  • [https://support.microsoft.com/help/12445/windows-keyboard-shortcuts Keyboard shortcuts in Windows]
  • ChromeOS
  • [https://support.google.com/chromebook/answer/183101 Chromebook keyboard shortcuts]
  • Linux (GNOME)
  • [http://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/shell-keyboard-shortcuts.html.en Useful Keyboard Shortcuts]
  • [http://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/keyboard-nav.html.en Keyboard Navigation]
  • [http://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/keyboard.html.en Set Keyboard Shortcuts]
  • [http://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/a11y.html.en Universal Access]
  • [http://help.gnome.org/users/accessx-status/stable/accessx-applet-introduction.html.en Usage]{{dead|date=February 2025}}
  • [http://developer.gnome.org/hig-book/3.0/input-keyboard.html.en Keyboard Interaction]{{dead|date=February 2025}}
  • [http://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/unstable/* help.gnome.org for the latest documentation of unstable]{{dead|date=February 2025}}
  • Linux (KDE)
  • [https://docs.kde.org/stable5/en/khelpcenter/fundamentals/kbd.html KDE Fundamentals: Common Keyboard Shortcuts]
  • [https://community.kde.org/KDE_Visual_Design_Group/HIG/Keyboard_Shortcuts KDE Community Wiki: KDE Visual Design Group/HIG/Keyboard Shortcuts]
  • Office Suites
  • Apache OpenOffice or LibreOffice
  • [https://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/332 OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice keyboard shortcuts] from LinuxMint community
  • Web Browsers
  • Chrome or Chromium: [https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/157179 Google Chrome keyboard shortcuts]
  • Firefox: [https://support.mozilla.org/kb/keyboard-shortcuts-perform-firefox-tasks-quickly Firefox browser keyboard shortcuts]
  • Opera: [https://help.opera.com/en/latest/shortcuts/ Opera browser keyboard shortcuts]

}}

Category:User interface techniques