Table of neurotransmitter actions in the ANS
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This is a table of neurotransmitter actions in the ANS (autonomic nervous system). It includes the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the visual system, the digestive system, the endocrine system, the urinary system, the reproductive system, and the integumentary system. Both effects of the sympathetic nervous system (adrenergic) and parasympathetic nervous system (muscarinic) are included.
Circulatory system
=[[Heart]]=
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Target
! Sympathetic (adrenergic) ! Parasympathetic (muscarinic) | ||
---|---|---|
cardiac output | β1, (β2): increases | M2: decreases |
SA node: heart rate (chronotropic) | β1, (β2):{{Cite book|author=H. P. Rang|title=Pharmacology 5th ed.|last2=M. Maureen Dale|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|year=2003|isbn=978-0-443-07145-4|editor-last=H. P. Rang|page=127}} increases | M2: decreases |
Atrial cardiac muscle: contractility (inotropic) | β1, (β2): increases | M2: decreases |
at AV node | β1: increases conduction increases cardiac muscle automaticity | M2: decreases conduction Atrioventricular block |
Ventricular cardiac muscle | β1, (β2): increases contractility (inotropic) increases cardiac muscle automaticity | --- |
=[[Blood vessels]]=
=Other=
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Target
! Sympathetic (adrenergic) ! Parasympathetic (muscarinic) | ||
---|---|---|
platelets | α2: aggregates | --- |
mast cells - histamine | β2: inhibits | --- |
Respiratory system
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Target
! Sympathetic (adrenergic) ! Parasympathetic (muscarinic) | ||
---|---|---|
smooth muscles of bronchioles* | β2: relaxes (major contribution) α1: contracts (minor contribution) | M3: contracts |
✱ The bronchioles have no sympathetic innervation, but are instead affected by circulating adrenaline
Visual system
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Target
! Sympathetic (adrenergic) ! Parasympathetic (muscarinic) | ||
---|---|---|
Pupil dilator muscle | α1: Dilates (causes mydriasis) | |
Iris sphincter muscle | - | M3: contracts (causes miosis) |
Ciliary muscle | β2: relaxes (causes long-range focus) | M3: contracts (causes short-range focus) |
Digestive system
Endocrine system
Urinary system
Reproductive system
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Target
! Sympathetic (adrenergic) ! Parasympathetic (muscarinic) | ||
---|---|---|
uterus | α1: contracts (pregnant) β2: relaxes (non-pregnant) | --- |
genitalia | α1: contracts (ejaculation) | M3: erection |
Integumentary system
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Target
! Sympathetic (muscarinic and adrenergic) ! Parasympathetic | ||
---|---|---|
sweat gland secretions | α1: stimulates (minor contribution) | M: stimulates (major contribution) |
arrector pili | α1: stimulates | --- |