Tabuk Province

{{Further|Midian|Tabuk, Saudi Arabia#History}}

File:مدين.jpg, nowadays the province of Tabuk]]

The history of Tabuk province dates back to 5,000 years ago. The province is identified with the land of Midian.{{Cite web |url=http://www.the-saudi.net/saudi-arabia/tabouk/Tabouk%20-%20Saudi%20Arabia.htm |title=Tabouk City Profile, Saudi Arabia |website=The Saudi |access-date=2019-02-24}}{{cite book |last=Edwards |first=Grace |title=Saudi Arabia |chapter=6: Tabuk and Medina Provinces |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |pages=188–246 |isbn=978-1-7847-7933-7 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Saudi_Arabia/Z9PrEAAAQBAJ |date=2023-12-19}} The province is traversed by the Hejaz railway, which was built during the Ottoman Empire under the Sultan Abdul Hamid II and was a focus for attacks during the Arab Revolt of 1916–1918.{{Cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tabuk |title=Tabūk {{!}} Saudi Arabia |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en |access-date=2019-04-11}} The province has traditionally been inhabited by the Howeitat tribe.

In recent years, the province has received substantial media attention due to the Saudi government's planned Neom City project in the province.{{Cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/gulf/2021/01/10/Vision-2030-Saudi-Arabia-s-Crown-Prince-reveals-project-The-Line-in-futuristic-city-of-NEOM|title = Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince reveals project 'THE LINE' in futuristic city of NEOM|date = 10 January 2021}}

{{Historical populations

|align=left

|footnote=source:{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/saudiarabia/cities/|title=Saudi Arabia: Regions & Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=citypopulation.de}}

|1992|486,134

|2004|691,716

|2010|796,425

|2018|930,507

|2022|886,036

|percentages=pagr

}}

Tabuk is an active commercial center, serving pilgrims passing through towards Mecca. Due to its moderate climate, it's also the site of several dairy and poultry farms. The region (Astra) exports flowers to Europe, mainly lilies, statices and gladiolas.{{cite web|title=Tabouk City Profile, Saudi Arabia|url=http://www.the-saudi.net/saudi-arabia/tabouk/Tabouk%20-%20Saudi%20Arabia.htm|access-date=4 May 2017|website=The Saudi Network|language=en}} In the past, a narrow-gauge railway (1,050 mm / 3 ft 511⁄32 in track gauge) ran from Damascus to Medina through Tabuk. Remains of the railway can be found in Tabuk, where a large station was built. The station has since been restored.{{Cite web|title=The Hijaz Railway|url=https://www.visitsaudi.com/en/do/culture/the-hijaz-railway|access-date=2021-05-25|website=visitsaudi.com|language=en}}

{{Further|Ghurayyah mine}}

{{See also|List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia|Education in Saudi Arabia}}

Tabuk has a range of educational institutions, including elementary, intermediate, and secondary schools operated by the Ministry of Education throughout the province. Higher education is available for both men and women through several institutions, including the University of Tabuk{{cite web |title=University of Tabuk |url=https://www.ut.edu.sa |website=ut.edu.sa |access-date=2025-06-01}}, Fahd bin Sultan University{{cite web |title=Fahd bin Sultan University |url=https://www.fbsu.edu.sa |website=fbsu.edu.sa |access-date=2025-06-01}}, and a branch of the Saudi Electronic University{{cite web |title=Saudi Electronic University |url=https://www.seu.edu.sa |website=seu.edu.sa |access-date=2025-06-01}}.

Technical and vocational education in the region is managed by the Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC). Colleges for male students include Umluj Technical College, Tabuk Technical College, Haql Technical College, Al-Wajh Technical College, and branches in Tayma and Duba. For female students, the Technical College for Girls in Tabuk offers vocational training.

{{See also|Transport in Saudi Arabia|List of airports in Saudi Arabia}}

Tabuk Province is served by several airports providing domestic and international connectivity:

- Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz Airport (IATA: TUU) in Tabuk City is a public and military airport offering domestic flights and limited international connections. It has experienced a 25% increase in flight operations, reflecting the region's growth and alignment with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 transportation goals.{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia's aviation sector grows by 26% in 2023: GACA |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2580927/business-economy |website=Arab News |access-date=2025-06-01}}

- Red Sea International Airport (IATA: RSI) near Hanak on the Red Sea coast began operations in 2023. It supports the Red Sea Project and is expected to handle up to one million passengers annually by 2030.{{cite web |last1=Ravenscroft |first1=Tom |title=Construction begins on Foster + Partners' Red Sea International Airport in Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.dezeen.com/2021/02/26/construction-begins-on-foster-partners-red-sea-airport/ |website=Dezeen |date=26 February 2021 |access-date=28 February 2021}}{{cite web |last1=Radwan |first1=Rawan |title=Red Sea Project set to secure new financing, launch off-plan sales: CEO |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1807561/business-economy |website=Arab News |date=11 February 2021 |access-date=28 February 2021}}

- Neom Bay Airport (IATA: NUM) is located near Sharma and began limited operations in 2019. It serves as an initial air hub for the Neom development.

- Amaala International Airport is an upcoming airport under construction to serve the luxury tourism destination of Amaala along the Red Sea coast. It is designed to handle up to one million passengers annually and is expected to open in the near future.

- Al-Wajh Domestic Airport (IATA: EJH) serves Al-Wajh, providing regional air connectivity.

Tabuk Province shares two international land border crossings with Jordan, supporting both regional trade and religious tourism.

The Durra Border Crossing connects Haql in Tabuk Province to Aqaba in Jordan. Established in 1966 and upgraded in 1988, it facilitates pedestrian and vehicular movement and offers full immigration and visa services.{{cite web |title=Durrah Border Center |url=https://www.aseza.gov.jo/EN/List/Durrah_Border_Center/51 |website=Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority |access-date=2025-06-01}}

The Halat Ammar Border Crossing is located near the town of Halat Ammar, southwest of Tabuk city. It serves as a key point of entry for pilgrims traveling to Mecca for Hajj and Umrah. It is operated by the Saudi General Directorate of Border Guard and the Zakat, Tax, and Customs Authority. In recent years, it has been upgraded as part of Saudi Vision 2030 to enhance logistical infrastructure.{{cite web |title=Halat Ammar Port |url=https://saudipedia.com/en/article/1127/government-and-politics/transport/halat-ammar-port |website=Saudipedia |access-date=2025-06-01}}

• Tabuk Castle{{Cite web|url=http://www.sauditourism.sa/en/aboutKSA/Regions/Tabuk/Pages/default.aspx|title=Tabuk|website=sauditourism.sa|language=en-us|access-date=2019-04-11}}
• Red Sea destination
• Amaala
• The Birds Garden
• The Park of Prince Fahd bin Sultan

{{Portal|Saudi Arabia}}

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• List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
• Hejaz

{{reflist}}

• [http://www.the-saudi.net/saudi-arabia/tabouk/ The-Saudi.net on Tabouk]
• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20040813063501/http://www.saudinf.com/main/a895.htm Saudi Arabian Information Resource on Tabouk, with pictures]}}

{{Geographic location

|Centre = Tabuk Region

|North = {{flagicon|Jordan}} Ma'an and Aqaba Governorates; {{flagicon|Israel}} Southern District

|Northeast = Al Jawf Region

|East = Ha'il Region

|Southeast =

|South = Madinah Region

|Southwest =

|West = Red Sea

|Northwest =

}}

{{Regions of Saudi Arabia}}

{{Saudi Arabia topics}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Provinces of Saudi Arabia