Tai Po Market

File:Current Map of Tai Po District Council.svg

The first Tai Po Hui ({{zh|t=大埔墟|j=daai6 bou3 heoi1|cy=daaih bou hēui|l=Tai Po Market}}) was established by the Tang clan Tai Po Tau branch in the Qing dynasty. In Kangxi Year edition of Xin'an Xianzhi (Gazetteer of the Xin'an County (or San-On County in the Cantonese language)), the market town was also known as Tai Po Tau Hui ({{zh|t=大步頭墟|j=daai6 bou6 tau4 heoi1|cy=daaih bouh tàuh hēui|l=Tai Po Tau Market|labels=no}}).{{cite book|script-title=zh:新安縣志|script-chapter=zh:地理志|edition=Kangxi Year|date=1688|language=lzh}} In Jiaqing Year edition of the book, the place was known as Tai Po Hui ({{zh|t=大步墟|j=daai6 bou6 heoi1|cy=daaih bouh hēui|l=Tai Po Market|labels=no}}).{{cite book|script-title=zh:新安縣志|script-chapter=zh:輿地圖|edition=Jiaqing Year|date=1819|language=lzh}} The market town was located in the northern shore of the Lam Tsuen river mouth. However, non-Tang villages formed their own alliance Tai Po Tsat Yeuk, and established Tai Wo Shi (literally Tai Wo Market) in the south shore of the river. The alliance also built a bridge to connect the two market towns in 1896. Before the establishment of Tai Wo Shi, non-Tang villages were forbidden to establish shops in Tang's Tai Po Hui by the Qing government.{{citation|script-title=zh:大埔示諭|date=1892|publisher=Qing Government|language=lzh}} It was said Tai Po Hui was one of the three major market towns of Hong Kong{{sic}}{{refn|group=nb|Modern Hong Kong did not exist until 1842, when the Hong Kong Island was ceded to the British Empire. Tai Po was not part of modern Hong Kong until 1898, when the New Territories was leased to the British Empire as the extension of the colony of Hong Kong. Tai Po was part of Qing's Xin'an County (Bao'an County) until 1898. Qing dynasty lasted from 1644 to 1912. Geographically, Tai Po is part of the New Territories of Hong Kong, but not part of the Hong Kong Island. {{Clarify|reason=What is "did not stated"?|date=November 2021|text=Moreover, 蕭國健 (Anthony Kwok-kin Siu) did not stated the names of the two other market towns in his three major market towns theory.}} Similar claim was also stated by David Faure of the CUHK.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FRL4AAAAIAAJ|title=The structure of Chinese Rural Society: Lineage and Village in the Eastern New Territories, Hong Kong|chapter=The New Territories|series=East Asian Historical Monographs|location=Hong Kong|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1986|last=Faure|first=David|page=20|isbn=0-19-583970-6}} In his book, Faure stated that Yuen Long and Shenzhen (which had never been part of HK) were probably the two major market towns in Qing dynasty for the areas that covers the modern-day New Territories and the surrounding. He also stated Tai Po was the principal market town for the eastern New Territories at that time.}} in the early Qing dynasty.{{rp|15}}

The area around the two Tai Po market towns, as well as other minor market towns, were leased to the British Empire in 1898. The region is now known as the New Territories. The colonial government built the Tai Po Market railway station next to the Tai Wo Shi in 1913. The District Office of the colonial Hong Kong government, also within the proximity of both new and old Tai Po Hui. In modern-day, the area around {{ill|Fu Shin Street|zh|富善街}}, the heart of the former Tai Wo Shi, was known as just Tai Po Hui, while the first market town of Tai Po (Tang's Tai Po Hui), was known as Tai Po Kau Hui (Tai Po Old Market) instead.

However, the usage of Tai Po Hui / Tai Po Market also extended to area that covered that modern-day electoral constituency Tai Po Hui,{{cite web|url=https://www.eac.gov.hk/pdf/distco/maps/dc2015p1.pdf|title=District Council Election Constituency Boundaries – Tai Po District (Sheet 1)|date=2014|accessdate=18 September 2018|publisher=Electoral Affairs Commission}} which included the 1960s built {{ill|The Lane-Square in Tai Po|zh|大埔墟四里}}, (or known as the "Four Lanes of Tai Po Market": Kwong Fuk Lane, Tai Wing Lane, Tai Kwong Lane and Tai Ming Lane), as well as {{ill|Luk Heung San Tsuen|zh|六鄉新村}}. The railway station, also moved to the current site, east of the former place in the 1980s.

To add more confusion to the name, government also opened an indoor wet market, the Tai Po Hui Market and Cooked Food Centre ({{zh|t=大埔墟街市及熟食中心|labels=no}}), in {{ill|Tai Po Complex|zh|大埔綜合大樓}} in 2004, while its former location, was redeveloped into a public housing estate Po Heung Estate, where they are near to the Fu Shin Street. The two locations belong to the aforementioned Tai Po Hui constituency.

{{Infobox street

| name = Fu Shin Street

| marker_image =

| native_name ={{native name|zh-hk|富善街}}

| alternate_name = Tai Po Hui ({{zh|t=大埔墟|labels=no}})

| image = File:FuShinStreet.jpg

| image_size =

| image_alt =

| image_map =

| caption = Fu Shin Street

| map_type =

| map_size =

| map_caption =

| map_alt =

| other_name =

| former_names = Tai Wo Shi ({{zh|t=太和市|labels=no}})

| part_of =

| namesake =

| type = market town and walking street

| coordinates = {{coord|22|26|53|N|114|9|53.5|E|region:HK|display=inline}}

| location = Tai Po Town, Tai Po District, Hong Kong

}}

File:大埔文武二帝廟1.JPG in Fu Shin Street]]

{{see also|Tai Wo|Tai Po New Town}}

Tai Wo Shi (Tai Wo Market), at modern day {{ill|Fu Shin Street|zh|富善街}}, was established in 1892. The market town was later known as Tai Po Hui (Tai Po Market). The street currently consisted of post-Qing dynasty buildings, except a well and a Man Mo Temple. The temple, at the heart of the Fu Shin Street, is a declared monument of Hong Kong. The former railway station of the market town, was converted into Hong Kong Railway Museum in the 1980s.

The market town Tai Wo Shi displaced the old Tai Po market town (Tang's Tai Po Hui) as the rural town centre of the area, which also took the ownership of the name Tai Po Hui (Tai Po Market). Some author credited the displacement was due to the accessibility of the new market.{{cite book|chapter=New Territories Commissioner|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v6ZszKvUkjAC|title=Hong Kong Metamorphosis|first= Denis|last=Bray|author-link=Denis Bray|pages=170–171|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|isbn=962-209-550-X|year=2001}} The New Territories circular road passes through Tai Wo Shi as Kwong Fuk Road, which connects to Tai Po Road in the south and {{ill|Lam Kam Road|zh|林錦公路}} in the north in the past, was constructed in the colonial area of the New Territories.

{{blockquote|As the main circular road was intended to facilitate the movement of troops, it avoided the centres of population. Of course, this new facility was just the thing to stimulate development.…At Castle Peak, the road was on the opposite side of the river estuary from the town of Tuen Mun, so a San Hui, or New Market, was built alongside the road. Similarly at Tai Po, the Old Market was found to be on the wrong side of the river…|author=Denis Bray|source=Hong Kong Metamorphosis (2001)}}

Tai Po was one of the market towns that was selected to be expanded into a satellite town (new town) in 1972.{{cite book|url=http://ebook.lib.hku.hk/HKG/B35832472.pdf|chapter=Introduction|title=Market Towns|publisher=New Territories Development Department of Public Works Department of Hong Kong Government |date=1979|orig-year=n.d. on digital edition|access-date=26 December 2018|type=scanned copy|via=The University of Hong Kong Libraries|page=1}}

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File:HK TaiPoKauHuiTinHauTemple.JPG

Tai Po Old Market (Tai Po Kau Hui), in Xin'an Xianzhi, was also listed as villages (as Tai Po Hui) along with Tai Po Tau. The former market town, which was established in 1672,{{cite book|url=https://www.districtcouncils.gov.hk/tp/english/links/files/TaiPo_Book1.pdf|script-title=zh:大埔風物志|script-chapter=zh:歷史沿革|edition=revised |date=2007|publisher=Tai Po District Council|language=zh-hk|author=Siu, Anthony Kwok Kin; 蕭國健|page=15|access-date=26 December 2018}} was unable to observe in the modern day Tai Po Old Market.{{cite book|url=https://www.districtcouncils.gov.hk/tp/english/links/files/TaiPo_Book1.pdf|script-title=zh:大埔風物志|script-chapter=zh:附錄|edition=revised |date=2007|publisher=Tai Po District Council|language=zh-hk|author=Siu, Anthony Kwok Kin; 蕭國健|page=165|access-date=26 December 2018}} A Tin Hau Temple existed in the modern day Tai Po Old Market. The temple was established by the Tang clan Tai Po Tau branch before 1691.{{cite book|url=https://www.districtcouncils.gov.hk/tp/english/links/files/TaiPo_Book1.pdf|script-title=zh:大埔風物志|script-chapter=zh:古蹟文物|edition=revised |date=2007|publisher=Tai Po District Council|language=zh-hk|author=Siu, Anthony Kwok Kin; 蕭國健|page=96|access-date=26 December 2018}} It was said an ancestral temple, the Temple of the Filial Son ({{zh|t=鄧孝子祠|labels=no}}) was demolished in the 1970s.

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Tai Po Hui and Tai Po Kau Hui are recognized villages under the New Territories Small House Policy.{{cite web |url=https://www.landsd.gov.hk/doc/en/small-house/rv0909.pdf |title=List of Recognized Villages under the New Territories Small House Policy |last= |first= |date=September 2009 |website= |publisher=Lands Department |access-date= |quote=}}

• Shenzhen (market town)
• Sha Tau Kok, another market town
• Luen Wo Hui, another market town
• Shek Wu Hui, another market town
• Tuen Mun Kau Hui
• Tuen Mun San Hui
• Yuen Long Kau Hui
• {{ill|Sha Tin Market|zh-tw|沙田墟}}
• List of buildings, sites, and areas in Hong Kong

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{{Tai Po District}}

Category:Places in Hong Kong