Taj ol-Dowleh
{{Short description|Iranian royal consort, calligrapher and poet (d.1881)}}
{{Distinguish|Taj al-Dawlah|Taj al-Dawla}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Taj ol-Dowleh
تاجالدوله
| title = Khanum
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| type = Queen consort
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| birth_name = Tavus Khanum {{langx|fa|طاووس خانم|Tāvus Xānom}}
| birth_date = ?
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| death_date = 1881
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| burial_place = Najaf
| spouse = Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
| consort = yes
| issue = {{plainlist|
- Sayf ol-Dowleh
- Soltan-Ahmad Mirza Azod od-Dowleh
- Farokhsir Mirza Naier ol-Dowleh
- Shirinjan Khanum
- Khorshid-Kolah Khanum Shams ol-Dowleh
- Morasa Khanum
}}
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| house = Qajar
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Taj ol-Dowleh ({{langx|fa|تاجالدوله}}, died 1881) was the forty-second wife of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar and a poet. Her birth name was Tavus Khanum ({{langx|fa|طاووس خانم|Tāvus Xānom}}) and she was of Georgian descent.{{cite journal |last1=Farmanfarmaian |first1=Fatema Soudavar |title=An Iranian Perspective of J. B. Fraser's Trip to Khorasan in the 1820s |journal=Iranian Studies |date=2011 |volume=44 |issue=2 |page=225 |doi=10.1080/00210862.2011.541692|s2cid=162041391 }}{{cite journal |last1=Walcher |first1=Heidi |title=Face of the Seven Spheres: The Urban Morphology and Architecture of Nineteenth-Century Isfahan (Part Two) |journal=Iranian Studies |date=2001 |volume=34 |issue=1–4 |page=118 (note 3) |doi=10.1080/00210860108702000|s2cid=145640514 }} She was born in Isfahan.
She married Fath-Ali Shah in 1845 when she was 15 years old. The shah changed the name of the Sun Throne to Tavus Throne on the occasion of this marriage.{{cite book|title=Great Islamic encyclopedia|language=Persian}} She was educated under the supervision of Neshat Isfahani. After a while the shah ordered the construction of a mansion for her because of his passionate love. Moreover, a part of the royal treasury, called the special treasury, was entrusted to her. Every Nowruz she invited the shah along with his wives and married daughters to her mansion for thirteen days.{{cite web|title=Tavus Khanom|url=http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=814&doc_cat=9|website=Institute for Iranian contemporary historical studies|accessdate=29 November 2016|language=Persian}}
At the moment of the shah's death, she was beside him in Isfahan and after that she took refuge to Mohammad Bagher Shafti from the princes' clashes for the throne. After the enthronement of Mohammad Shah Qajar she donated all of her jewelry to him and went on a Hajj trip with her son, Sayf ol-Dowleh. After some Hajj trips she went to Najaf and lived there until the end of her life. Her cemetery is in Imam Ali's apron.{{cite book|last1=Jahangir Mirza|last2=Eghbal|first2=Abbas|title=Modern history|date=1948|language=Persian}}
She had six children: Soltan Mohammad Mirza Sayf ol-Dowleh, Soltan-Ahmad Mirza Azod od-Dowleh, Farokhsir Mirza Naier ol-Dowleh, Shirinjan Khanum, Khorshid-Kolah Khanum Shams ol-Dowleh (she was married to Mirza MohammadAli Khan Nezam ol-Dowleh and her daughter, Shams ol-Molouk, married Aga Khan II) and Morasa Khanum.