Tales of the Alhambra

File:Alhambradesdegeneralife.jpg

Shortly after completing a biography of Christopher Columbus in 1828, Washington Irving travelled from Madrid, where he had been staying, to Granada, Spain. At first sight, he described it as "a most picturesque and beautiful city, situated in one of the loveliest landscapes that I have ever seen."{{r|n=Jones|r={{cite book|last=Jones|first=Brian Jay|title=Washington Irving: An American Original|publication-place=New York|publisher=Arcade Publishing|year=2008|ISBN=978-1-55970-836-4}}|p=250}} Irving was preparing a book called A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada, a history of the years 1478–1492, and was continuing his research on the topic.{{r|n=Burstein|r={{cite book|last=Burstein|first=Andrew|title=The Original Knickerbocker: The Life of Washington Irving|publication-place=New York|publisher=Basic Books|year=2007|ISBN=978-0-465-00853-7}}|p=210}} He immediately asked the then-governor of the historic Alhambra Palace as well as the archbishop of Granada for access to the palace, which was granted because of Irving's celebrity status.{{r|n=Jones|p=251}} Aided by a 17-year-old guide named Mateo Ximenes, Irving gathered legends and tales about the Alhambra, and then left for other parts of Spain. The following year, he returned to the Alhambra and lived in an apartment there for about three months, and was given access to its archives. Irving was inspired by his experiences to write Tales of the Alhambra.{{r|n=Burstein|p=208}} The book combines description, myth and narrations of real historical events, even up through the destruction of some of the palace's towers by the French under Count Sebastiani in 1812, and the further damage caused by an earthquake in 1821. Throughout his trip, Irving filled his notebooks and journals with descriptions and observations, though he did not believe his writing would ever do it justice. He wrote, "How unworthy is my scribbling of the place."{{r|n=Jones|p=251}} Irving continued to travel through Spain until he was appointed as secretary of legation at the United States Embassy in London, serving under the incoming minister Louis McLane.{{r|n=Burstein|p=222}} He arrived in London by late September 1829.{{r|n=Jones|p=264}}

The Alhambra: a series of tales and sketches of the Moors and Spaniards was published in May 1832 in the United States by publishers Lea & Carey and concurrently in England by Henry Colburn, and attributed to "Geoffrey Crayon".{{r|n=Jones|p=289}} Consisting of a series of essays and short fiction pieces, it was referred to as his "Spanish Sketch Book".{{r|n=Burstein|p=210}} Shortly after the book's publication, Irving returned to New York after a 17-year absence from the United States.{{r|n=Jones|p=289}}

In 1851, Irving wrote an "Author's Revised Edition", titled The Alhambra.[https://books.google.com/books?id=hUg1AQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=the+alhambra+washington+irving+1851&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjlzoDH2umJAxXUN2IAHfhbAP8Q6AF6BAgLEAI#v=onepage&q=the%20alhambra%20washington%20irving%201851&f=false The Alhambra, 1851]

Image:Placa en recuerdo a Washington Irving en la Alhambra.JPG

The book was instrumental in reintroducing the Alhambra to Western audiences. A plaque now marks the rooms in which Irving stayed while writing some of his book.

Alexander Pushkin's 1834 tale in verse The Tale of the Golden Cockerel is based on two chapters of Tales of the Alhambra. In turn, the Pushkin poem inspired Vladimir Belsky's libretto for the opera "The Golden Cockerel" by Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov.

The book was translated into Bengali by Taslimuddin Ahmad in the 19th century.{{cite book |language=bn |title=তসলিমুদ্দীন আহমদ,1852-1927 |year=1993 |isbn=9789840727247 |publisher=Bangla Academy |author=Hossein, Sufi Motahar}}

Dudley Buck set portions of the text of the Don Munio chapter for his 1874 oratorio The Legend of Don Munio.{{Cite web |title=Dudley Buck (1839-1909) |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/ihas.200153247/ |access-date=2022-10-26 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}

Erwin von Busse published a collection of short stories called Liebesmärchen or "Lovers Fairy Tales" based on the Tales of the Alhambra in Germany in 1921.{{cite book |title= Liebesmärchen | trans-title= Lovers' Fairy Tales |location = Berlin | publisher = Almanach-Verlag | language = de | date= 1921}}{{cite book | author = Granand |contributor=Manfred Herzer |author-link=:de:Manfred Herzer | contribution = Afterword |date= 2022 |title= Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights |publisher= Waterbury Press |pages= 79–84 }}

The book serves as the basis of the 1950 Spanish film Tales of the Alhambra.

The Legend of the Moor's Legacy has been adapted into a Soviet cartoon in 1959.[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4744324/ The Legend of the Moor's Inheritance]

Villa Zorayda, a museum in St. Augustine, Florida based on a wing of the Alhambra, takes its name from a character in Irving's book[https://web.archive.org/web/20080819143045/http://www.villazorayda.com/overview.html Villa Zorayda: History] (specifically from "Legend of the Three Beautiful Princesses"{{Cite web|url=http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/i/irving/washington/i72a/part31.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020015227/http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/i/irving/washington/i72a/part31.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 20, 2007|title=The Alhambra, by Washington Irving: part31|website=ebooks.adelaide.edu.au|language=en|access-date=2018-02-22}}).

The city of Alhambra, California is named after the book. In 1874, the daughter of Benjamin Wilson was reading the book and encouraged him to use the name for his new Los Angeles suburban development.Vincent, Roger (December 11, 2014) [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-property-report-alhambra-20141211-story.html "Alhambra to get $130-million shopping and housing complex"] Los Angeles Times{{Cite web|url=http://www.cityofalhambra.org/|title=City of Alhambra|website=www.cityofalhambra.org|access-date=2018-02-22}}

Legend of Prince Ahmed Al Kamel or The Pilgrim of Love has been adapted as the children’s picture book Prince of the Birds, written and illustrated by Amanda Hall in 2005.{{Cite web |title=Prince of the Birds Amanda Hall |url=https://www.amandahall-illustration.com/amanda-hall-books/ |access-date=2023-04-08 |website=Amanda Hall |language=en-GB}}

In 2017, Spanish animation producer Pedro Alonso Pablos made an animated miniseries featuring some of the Tales of the Alhambra: The Arab Astrologer, The three beautiful princesses and The rose of the Alhambra.

{{reflist}}

• {{OL work|id=63996W}}
• {{librivox book | stitle=Alhambra | dtitle=The Alhambra: A Series Of Tales And Sketches Of The Moors And Spaniards | author=Washington Irving}}
• [https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0Bw9DD8Hgvs_HZDUxY2U4NmItMjZkNS00NGI2LTk4MGMtMTI5OGE0NTQwZTE5&hl=en_GB Full text in Word document form]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071025034243/http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/i/irving/washington/i72a/ Online text]
• [https://pliski.com/en/cuentosdelaalhambra/ Animated miniseries about the Tales of the Alhambra]
• [http://granadablog.net/tales_of_the_alhambra/index.php?chapter=0 Online text with images]

{{Washington Irving}}

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Category:Alhambra (Spain)

Category:Essay collections by Washington Irving

Category:American short story collections

Category:1832 short story collections

Category:Books adapted into films

Category:Henry Colburn books