Tamagawa Aqueduct

{{Redirect|Tamagawa Josui|the railway station|Tamagawa-Jōsui Station}}

File:100 views edo 042.jpg

{{Nihongo|Tamagawa Aqueduct|玉川上水|Tamagawa Jōsui}} is a 43 km long Japanese aqueduct located in Tokyo. It was constructed by the Tokugawa shogunate to supply drinking and fire-fighting water from the Tama river to Edo, providing irrigation water around farm villages.

The aqueduct was made following a request for permission from the people of Kojimachi and Shibaguchi to build another aqueduct, drawing the waters of the Tama river. The government provided 7,500 ryō for the construction, 3,000 ryō were collected by public subscription. Construction on the 43 km long aqueduct, which runs from Hamura, Tokyo to Yotsuya, Tokyo, began in April 1653. The section from Hanemura to {{Interlanguage link multi|Ōkido|ja|3=大木戸}} was fully excavated within eight months and the entire aqueduct was completed in eighteen months. The project was undertaken by the Seiemon brothers who were awarded the surname "Tamagawa" in honour of their accomplishment. Prior to the construction, the two brothers were considered "mere peasants".{{Cite book |first=James |last=Murdoch |editor-first=Joseph H. |editor-last=Longford |edition=1996 |title=A History of Japan |year=1903 |volume=3 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-15417-0|pages=81}}{{cite web|url=http://www.waterworks.metro.tokyo.jp/water/pp/tamagawa/tama01.html|script-title=ja:玉川上水の歴史|trans-title=The History of Tamagawa Jōsui|accessdate=August 22, 2014|publisher=Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government|language=Japanese|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802143355/http://www.waterworks.metro.tokyo.jp/water/pp/tamagawa/tama01.html|archivedate=August 2, 2014}} Before the construction of the aqueduct the city was served by a single, and insufficient, Kanda Aqueduct.{{Cite book |first=James |last=Murdoch |editor-first=Joseph H. |editor-last=Longford |edition=1996 |title=A History of Japan |year=1903 |volume=3 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-15417-0|pages=82}}

In 1948, Osamu Dazai, considered one of the foremost fiction writers of 20th-century Japan, and his mistress Tomie Yamazaki, drowned themselves in the aqueduct together. Dazai had been living in Mitaka, Tokyo, through which the aqueduct runs, since 1939.{{cite web|url=http://www.city.mitaka.tokyo.jp/dazai/dazaitomitaka/nenpu.html|script-title=ja:太宰治略年譜|trans-title=Osamu Dazai, short timeline|publisher=Mitaka City|date=|accessdate=August 22, 2014|language=Japanese}}

File:TamagawaJosui3810.jpg|Tamagawa Aqueduct in Hamura {{coord|35|44|57.84|N|139|18|59.49|E}}

File:玉川上水.JPG|Tamagawa Aqueduct in Tachikawa {{coord|35|43|41.74|N|139|25|48.59|E}}

File:TamagawaJosui_nearKoganeiPark2.JPG|Tamagawa Aqueduct in Koganei {{coord|35|42|45.46|N|139|31|05.36|E}}

File:TamagawaJosui@Daitabashi.JPG|Tamagawa Aqueduct near Daitabashi Station, Setagaya {{coord|35|40|15.96|N|139|39|36.21|E}}