Tamanawa Castle
{{short description|Castle ruins in Kamakura, Japan}}
{{Infobox military structure
| name = Tamanawa Castle
| nativename-a={{lang|ja|玉縄城}}
| partof =
| location = Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
| image =太鼓郭下 堀切.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Hirikiri style moat of Taikokuruwa compound
|map_type = Japan Kanagawa Prefecture#Japan
|map_size =
|map_caption =
|map_relief = 1
| coordinates = {{Coord|35|21|12|N|139|30|54|E|region:JP-14|display=inline,title}}
| type = Hirayama-style castle
| height =
| ownership = Later Hōjō clan
| controlledby =
| condition = ruins
| built = 1512
| builder = Hōjō Sōun
| used =
| materials =
| demolished = 1619
| battles =
| past_commanders = Hōjō Tsunashige, Hōjō Ujitoki, Honda Masanobu
| garrison =
| occupants =
| events =Siege of Kamakura (1526)
}}
{{nihongo|Tamanawa Castle|玉縄城|Tamanawa-jō}} was a castle structure in Tamanawa ward of Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.{{cite web|url=http://tamanawajo.sakura.ne.jp/culture1.html |title=玉縄城|publisher=玉縄城跡町つくり会議|language=Japanese|accessdate=25 July 2019}} The adopted brother of Hōjō Ujiyasu, Hōjō Tsunashige, was commander of the castle.{{cite web|url= https://kojodan.jp/castle/263/ |title=玉縄城|publisher=攻城団|language=Japanese|accessdate=25 July 2019}}
History
Hōjō Sōun who had been fighting with the Miura clan built the castle to avoid being attacked from behind by the Ōgigayatsu Uesugi clan's relief army. Even after the fall of the Miura clan, Tamanawa castle continued to be an important castle of the Hōjō clan as a base of defense against the Satomi clan.
In 1561, Tamanawa castle was surrounded by Uesugi Kenshin's army but he left without even attacking the castle.{{cite web|url=https://www.city.kamakura.kanagawa.jp/kids/jh/kjh_ta05.html |title=玉縄城跡 |publisher=Kamakura city|language=Japanese|accessdate=25 July 2019}}{{cite web|url= https://www.travel.co.jp/guide/article/36745/ |title=北条早雲が築いた名城～鎌倉「玉縄城跡」に残る遺構と古民家 |publisher=Lineトラベル|language=Japanese|accessdate=25 July 2019}}
During the siege of Odawara in 1590, Hōjō Ujikatsu entrenched himself in the castle but was besieged by a big army of the Tokugawa Ieyasu. In the end Ujikatsu surrendered without resistance.
After the Siege of Odawara, Tokugawa Ieyasu placed his reliable retainer Honda Masanobu. Later, the castle was given to Nagasawa Matsudaira clan, a member of the Tokugawa clan. Tamanawa castle was abandoned in 1703 when Nagasawa Matsudaira clan transferred to the Otaki Domain.{{cite web|url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E7%8E%89%E7%B8%84%E5%9F%8E-180108|title=Tamanawa Castle|publisher=kotobank|access-date=25 October 2021}}
There are little remains of the castle on the present day site, just some moats and earthworks. Excavated artefacts from the castle are exhibited at Ryūhō-ji Temple near the castle.
Access
The castle remains are located on the outskirts of Kamakura, close to Ōfuna Station(About 15 minutes walk from Ōfuna Station).{{cite web|url= https://www.jalan.net/kankou/spt_14204af2170017852/ |title=玉縄城跡 |publisher=じゃらん|language=Japanese|accessdate=25 July 2019}}
Gallery
File:諏訪壇下 土塁？？2 2014.jpg|Eathen wall of Tamanawa Castle(under the Suwadan compound)
File:Moat of Tamanawa Castle.jpg|Horikiri style moat of Tamanawa Castle
File:Horikiri of Tamanawa Castle.jpg|Horikiri style Moat of Tamanawa Castle
File:408 太鼓郭.jpg|Taikokuruwa compound
File:Moat_and_earthen_wall_of_Tamanawa_Castle_(Kuichigai_compound).jpg|Moat and earthen wall of Kuichigai compound