Taushiro language
{{Short description|Language isolate of the Peruvian Amazon}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Taushiro
|nativename=Pinche
|region=Peru
|ethnicity=5 (2017){{e23|trr}}
|speakers=1
|date=2017
|ref=e25
|familycolor=American
|family=unclassified
(Saparo–Yawan?)
|iso3=trr
|glotto=taus1253
|glottorefname=Taushiro
|map2=Lang Status 20-CR.svg
|mapcaption2={{center|{{small|Taushiro is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger}}}}
|notice=IPA
}}
Taushiro, also known as Pinche or Pinchi, is a nearly extinct possible language isolate of the Peruvian Amazon near Ecuador. In 2000 SIL counted one speaker in an ethnic population of 20. Documentation was done in the mid-1970s by Neftalí Alicea. The last living speaker of Taushiro, Amadeo García García, was profiled in The New York Times in 2017.{{cite news |last=Casey |first=Nicholas |title=Thousands Once Spoke His Language in the Amazon. Now, He's the Only One. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/26/world/americas/peru-amazon-the-end.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=photo-spot-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0 |work=The New York Times |date=2017-12-26 |access-date=2017-12-26}}
The first glossary of Taushiro contained 200 words and was collected by Daniel Velie in 1971.
Classification
Following Tovar (1961), Loukotka (1968),{{cite book |last=Loukotka |first=Čestmír |author-link=Čestmír Loukotka |title=Classification of South American Indian languages |url=https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk |url-access=registration |publisher=UCLA Latin American Center |year=1968 |location=Los Angeles}} and Tovar (1984), Kaufman (1994) notes that while Taushiro has been linked to the Zaparoan languages, it shares greater lexical correspondences with Kandoshi and especially with Omurano. In 2007 he classified Taushiro and Omurano (but not Kandoshi) as Saparo–Yawan languages.
Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with Tequiraca and Leco.{{cite thesis|last=Jolkesky |first=Marcelo Pinho de Valhery |date=2016 |url=http://www.etnolinguistica.org/tese:jolkesky-2016-arqueoecolinguistica |title=Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas |type=Ph.D. dissertation |location=Brasília |publisher=University of Brasília |edition=2}}
Grammar
Amadeo García García
In June 2015, the sole remaining native speaker, Amadeo García García was residing in "Intuto on the Tigre River in the northeastern Peruvian region of Loreto." Zachary O’Hagan did targeted field work with him on topics such as ethnohistory, genealogy, sociocultural practices, lexicon, and grammar.{{cite web |url=http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~zjohagan/pdflinks/ohagan_fforum_taushiro_isolates_v1.pdf |title=Taushiro and the Status of Language Isolates in Northwest Amazonia |first=Zachary |last=O’Hagan |series=Fieldwork Forum |date=November 17, 2015 |access-date=December 26, 2017 |work=University of California, Berkeley}}
As of December 2017 government linguists from Peru’s Ministry of Culture, working with Amadeo, have created a database of 1,500 Taushiro words, 27 stories, and three songs.
Further reading
- Alicea Ortiz, N. (1975). Vocabulario taushiro (Datos Etno-Lingüísticos, 22). Lima: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Wiktionary category|category=Taushiro language|moredescriptivetext=definitions of Taushiro words}}
{{sister project |project=wiktionary |text=Wiktionary has a word list at Appendix:Taushiro word list}}
{{Languages of Peru}}
{{South American languages}}
Category:Language isolates of South America