Tavayvaam

The settlement is located in the mouth area of Onemen Bay.Onemen // Dictionary of the names of hydrographic objects of Russia and other countries – members of the CIS / ed. G.I. Donidze. – M .: Kartgeotsentr – Geodezizdat, 1999. – S. 323. – {{ISBN|5-86066-017-0}} .

The locality's name is of Chukchi origin and literally means river on which one rides.В. В. Леонтьев и К. А. Новикова (V. V. Leontyev and K. A. Novikova). "Топонимический словарь северо-востока СССР" (Toponymic Dictionary of the Northeastern USSR). Magadan, 1989, pp. 348–349

The economy is driven primarily by traditional activities. Reindeer farming used to be the main occupation, but following the economic crisis caused by the dissolution of the Soviet Union all the reindeer owned by the residents were lost. The effects of this loss can still be seen as around 20% of the population are unemployed. The lack of reindeer mean that the economy is instead now supported by fishing, seasonal labor, and the production of traditional indigenous crafts for sale to tourists and to the population of nearby Anadyr.

During the Soviet period, Tavayvaam's main economic focus was the state farm.Gray, pp. 133–135 Originally, the farm was called "Stalin" (after Joseph Stalin), but following his death the name was changed to "Twenty-Second Party Congress"Gray (p. 237) notes that, despite the apparent blandness of the new name, this is a particularly significant change as it was during the 22nd party congress when Nikita Khrushchev ordered Stalin's body to be removed from Lenin's tomb, a clear acknowledgement of his fall from grace. Reindeer herding was the predominant occupation for the farm and at its most prosperous point during the 1970s there were up to ten separate brigades operating at any one time out in the tundra, tending to over 27,000 reindeer. This farm employed the majority of Tavayvaam's population. Individuals not directly involved in the herding of reindeer were employed in sewing workshops where the skin of the reindeer would be used, or in the fish processing plant attached to the farm. It was the indigenous population that did all of the manual, practical work; the incomers were those who filled administrative or support positions. During the summer, children would live with their families on the tundra following the reindeer, only returning at the start of a new academic year to attend school. Beyond this steady employment, the fur and meat from the reindeer and other game, as well as mushrooms and berries foraged, provided a vital source of sustenance for Tavayvaam's residents.

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin initiated the privatization of all state-run enterprises. Tavayvaam's state farm was technically dissolved, although the residents continued to refer to it as such, so key to their life it had been. In its place, four private enterprises (Chirynai, Kenkeren, Eupolian, and Topolovoye) were established. Unfortunately, it was not a case of business as usual for the four new enterprises. Normally, when a state enterprise was privatized, there would be some form of remnant that would ensure a degree of economic continuity, but in this case, upon the dissolution of the state farm the assets were simply divided amongst the four new enterprises and the state element disappeared entirely. The indigenous people now running these private enterprises were completely unprepared for the demands of a free market environment. By 1995, the total number of reindeer owned by the combined enterprises had fallen by nearly two-thirds from the total recorded in 1985, and by 1998, all four enterprises had closed permanently as there were no reindeer herds left. Smaller industries like the sewing workshops had closed as well.

It is claimed that the town of Anadyr annexed the "ethnic village" of Tavayvaam in May 1994, and that this was done by then governor Alexander Nazarov with a view to saving money from the autonomous okrug budget. If the national village had indeed been absorbed into the town of Anadyr then there would have been no obligation for the autonomous okrug to allocate specific funds for the indigenous population there.

Tavayvaam has a status of an "ethnic village", namely a "place of compact residence of small-numbered peoples of the north".Resolution #1237 Whereas Anadyr had an indigenous population of around 8.5% in 2005, Tavayvaam had an indigenous population of around 78%.Gray, p. 131 Tavayvaam preserves its indigenous culture through the Chukchi language Club Murgin Vetgav and a native crafts society.

Tavayvaam has a subarctic taiga climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc).McKnight and Hess, pp. 232–235 with very cold, long winters and short, mild summers.

{{Weather box|width=auto

|metric first=yes

|single line=yes

|location=Tavayvaam

|Jan record high C=1.2

|Feb record high C=2.2

|Mar record high C=5.1

|Apr record high C=5.0

|May record high C=14.0

|Jun record high C=26.0

|Jul record high C=28.0

|Aug record high C=25.6

|Sep record high C=23.4

|Oct record high C=10.8

|Nov record high C=5.0

|Dec record high C=3.6

|Jan high C=-19.7

|Feb high C=-17.4

|Mar high C=-14.5

|Apr high C=-8.2

|May high C=2.0

|Jun high C=11.2

|Jul high C=15.8

|Aug high C=13.7

|Sep high C=7.9

|Oct high C=-1.8

|Nov high C=-8.9

|Dec high C=-16.6

|year high C=-3.0

|Jan mean C = −23.1

|Feb mean C = −21.0

|Mar mean C = −18.1

|Apr mean C = −11.9

|May mean C = -0.9

|Jun mean C = 7.5

|Jul mean C = 12.3

|Aug mean C = 10.6

|Sep mean C = 5.0

|Oct mean C = −4.5

|Nov mean C = −12.3

|Dec mean C = −20.0

|year mean C = -6.4

|Jan low C=-26.6

|Feb low C=-24.6

|Mar low C=-21.8

|Apr low C=-15.7

|May low C=-3.8

|Jun low C=3.8

|Jul low C=8.8

|Aug low C=7.5

|Sep low C=2.1

|Oct low C=-7.1

|Nov low C=-15.7

|Dec low C=-23.4

|year low C=-9.7

|Jan record low C=-44.0

|Feb record low C=-44.1

|Mar record low C=-39.0

|Apr record low C=-32.5

|May record low C=-22.5

|Jun record low C=-5.7

|Jul record low C=-0.9

|Aug record low C=-5.0

|Sep record low C=-10.4

|Oct record low C=-25.3

|Nov record low C=-35.8

|Dec record low C=-40.0

|year record low C=-44.1

|precipitation colour=green

|Jan precipitation mm=42

|Feb precipitation mm=45

|Mar precipitation mm=33

|Apr precipitation mm=24

|May precipitation mm=16

|Jun precipitation mm=25

|Jul precipitation mm=42

|Aug precipitation mm=45

|Sep precipitation mm=37

|Oct precipitation mm=29

|Nov precipitation mm=39

|Dec precipitation mm=32

|Jan snow days=15

|Feb snow days=14

|Mar snow days=13

|Apr snow days=15

|May snow days=14

|Jun snow days=1

|Jul snow days=0

|Aug snow days=0

|Sep snow days=3

|Oct snow days=16

|Nov snow days=18

|Dec snow days=15

|year snow days=124

|source 1={{cite web|url=http://www.meoweather.com/history/Russian%20Federation/na/64.75/177.3666667/Tavayvaam.html|title=Weather Averages – Tavayvaam|publisher=www.meoweather.com|accessdate=June 29, 2012}}

}}

{{Reflist|2}}

• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|chu|adm|law}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|chu|adm|list}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|chu|mun|list|anadyr}}
• P. A. Gray. The Predicament of Chukotka's Indigenous People: Post-Soviet Activism in the Russian Far North (2005) Cambridge University Press
• {{Cite book|author1=McKnight, Tom L|author2=Hess, Darrel|year=2000|chapter=Climate Zones and Types|title=Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=0-13-020263-0|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/physicalgeographmckn}}
• {{Cite Russian law

|ru_entity=Правительство Российской Федерации

|ru_type=Постановление

|ru_number=1237

|ru_date=16 декабря 1995 г.

|ru_title=О реализации Региональной программы обустройства национальных сёл – мест компактного проживания малочисленных народов севера Чукотского автономного округа на 1996 год и ближайшую перспективу

|ru_effective_date=

|ru_published_in="Собрание законодательства РФ", №51, ст. 5076

|ru_published_date=18 декабря 1995 г

|ru_url=

|en_entity=Government of the Russian Federation

|en_type=Resolution

|en_number=1237

|en_date=December 16, 1995

|en_title=On Implementing of the Regional Program of Provision of Ethnic Selos—Places of Compact Residence of Small-Numbered Peoples in the north of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug for the Year of 1996 and the Near Future

|en_url=

}}

{{Chukotka Autonomous Okrug}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2014}}

Category:Rural localities in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug