TeXML
{{Infobox software
| name = TeXML
| logo = Image:TeXML.svg
| developer = Oleg A. Paraschenko
| operating_system = Cross-platform
| genre = Typesetting
| latest_release_version = December 2010
| programming_language = Python
| license = MIT/X Consortium license
| website = http://www.getfo.org/
}}
TeXML [tɛχːml] is – as a process – a TeX-based alternative to XSL-FO.
TeXML has been developed as an open-source project with the aim to automatically present XML data as PDF with sophisticated layout properties.
By means of an auxiliary structure definition, TeXML overcomes the syntax-based differences between TeX and XML.
Technically, the markup elements of TeX are described by using the XML syntax.
History
TeXML is a further development of a specification originally defined by Douglas Lovell at IBM, where Structure and Transformation have to be distinguished.
- Structure
:The XML definition of the TeXML structure can be considered as being completed since 1999 (TeXML.dtd).
:It represents the markup link between TeX and XML.
- Transformation
:The transformation processes run smoothly since the end of 2010, a productive application of the technology is possible.
:The original approach of using a Java application was published by IBM at IBM alphaWorks, but is no longer present. It was presented in a paper
at the 1999 annual meeting of the TeX Users Group.[http://www.tug.org/tug99/bulletin/preprintmap/node1.html], TUG-99
Application
TeXML is used to generate Technical Documentation from XML data.
After the transformation TeXML → TeX, the entire LaTeX-defined range of TeX macros is available.
By means of using TeX macros, it is possible to publish XML data having configurable layout options.
Specials
- TeXML allows automatic publication of XML data by means of a typesetting engine, which was originally designed for manual typesetting.
- In contrast to publication using the XSL-FO technique layout properties of XML data can be manipulated by using exception rules in the intermediate code.
- Exception rules are learned by the publication process, the layout properties are thus enhanced with each generation cycle.
- High-speed publishing processes, an increase in speed of up to 100 times compared to XSL-FO based processes, especially in the case of large documents.
TeXML structure
The Document Type Definition (DTD) of the TeXML structure consists of the XML elements:
- Root element: TeXML
- Encoding commands: cmd
- Encoding environments: env
- Encoding groups: group
- Encoding math groups: math and dmath
- Encoding control symbols: ctrl
- Encoding special symbols: spec
- PDF literals: pdf
Composition of a TeXML document
An example of an XML document, which has already been transformed into the TeXML structure:
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
Misinterpretation of special characters as being functional characters is called "Escaping", thus: $, ^, >
TeXML process
The TeXML process transforms XML data which are described in the auxiliary intermediate TeXML structure to TeX:
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\begin{document}
Misinterpretation of special characters as being functional characters is called "Escaping", thus: \textdollar{}, \^{},
\textgreater{}
\end{document}
Supporting processes
Works on the "Data Collection Level" (XML) and on the "Publication Level" (TeX) are supported by different tools, for example:
- Data Collection Level: XML editors
:– Eclipse (IDE), open source
:– other free XML editors
- Publication Level: synchronization between code and generated PDF by means of pdfSync:
:– Windows PC: editor MiKTeX
:– Mac OS X: editor TeXShop
Literature
- Frank Mittelbach [http://www.latex-project.org/guides/tlc2-ch0.pdf The LaTeX Companion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040518142632/http://www.latex-project.org/guides/tlc2-ch0.pdf |date=2004-05-18 }} – Tools and techniques for computer typesetting
- Michel Goossens [http://xml.web.cern.ch/XML/lgc2/xetexmain.pdf The XeTeX Companion] – TeX meets OpenType and Unicode
External links
- [http://xml.coverpages.org/sgml-tex.html SGML/XML and (La)TeX] – Approaches to transform XML to TeX
- [http://sourceforge.net/projects/getfo/ TeXML: an XML syntax for TeX] – TeXML project (Download)
- [http://itexmac.sourceforge.net/pdfsync.html How to embed pdfsync into pdftex] – Synchronization between Code and PDF
- [http://www.tug.org/TUG99-web/pdf/lovell.pdf TeXML: Typesetting XML with TEX] – Original concept of the TeXML project
- [http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb28-1/tb88parashchenko.pdf Resurrecting TEX in the XML world] - 2007 TUGboat article by Oleg Parashchenko re-motivates TeXML
- [http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb31-3/tb99parashchenko.pdf Generate TEX documents using pdfscript] - 2010 TUGboat article by Oleg Parashchenko describes Python implementation