Tehachapi Pass
{{Short description|Route in the Transverse Ranges}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox mountain pass
| name = Tehachapi Pass
| photo = Tehachapi wind farm 1.jpg
| photo_caption = The Tehachapi Pass Wind Farm, as seen from California State Route 58
| map = USA California Southern##California
| map_caption = Location in California
| map_relief = yes
| elevation_ft = 3771
| elevation_ref = {{cite web |title=USGS 7.5 minute topographic map |url=http://www.topoquest.com/map.php?lat=35.10119&lon=-118.28272&datum=nad27&zoom=4&map=24k&coord=dms&mode=pan&size=l |publisher=USGS |accessdate=2013-05-31}}
| traversed = {{jct|state=CA|CA|58}}
Union Pacific Railroad
Future California High-Speed Rail
| location = Kern County, California
| range = Tehachapi Mountains / Sierra Nevada
| coordinates = {{coord|35|06|08|N|118|16|58|W|region:US-CA_type:pass|display=inline,title}}
| topo =
}}
Tehachapi Pass (Kawaiisu: Tihachipia, meaning "hard climb"){{Cite web |date=2017-05-18 |title=Visitor Guide: What does 'Tehachapi' mean? |url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/visitor-guide/visitor-guide-what-does-tehachapi-mean/article_afd99b28-f930-11e6-b7e8-f3dbfe17b5ee.html |website=Tehachapi News |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005130746/https://www.tehachapinews.com/visitor-guide/visitor-guide-what-does-tehachapi-mean/article_afd99b28-f930-11e6-b7e8-f3dbfe17b5ee.html |archive-date= Oct 5, 2023 }}{{Cite web |last=Mathews |first=Joe |date=2016-02-11 |title=Meet the Toughest Mountains in California {{!}} Connecting California |url=https://www.zocalopublicsquare.org/2016/02/11/meet-the-toughest-mountains-in-california/ideas/connecting-california/ |website=Zócalo Public Square |language=en-US |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005130745/https://www.zocalopublicsquare.org/2016/02/11/meet-the-toughest-mountains-in-california/ideas/connecting-california/ |archive-date= Oct 5, 2023 }} is a mountain pass crossing the Tehachapi Mountains in Kern County, California. Traditionally, the pass marks the northeast end of the Tehachapis and the south end of the Sierra Nevada range.
The route is a principal connector between the San Joaquin Valley and the Mojave Desert. The Native American Kitanemuk people used the pass as a trade route before the American settlement of the region in the 19th century. The main line of the former Southern Pacific Railroad opened though the pass in 1876;{{cite web |title=Tehachapi Pass Railroad Line |url=https://www.asce.org/project/tehachapi-pass-railroad-line/ |publisher=American Society of Civil Engineers |accessdate=22 October 2020 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200921124049/https://www.asce.org/project/tehachapi-pass-railroad-line/ |archive-date= Sep 21, 2020 }} the tracks are now owned by the Union Pacific Railroad and shared with BNSF Railway as the Mojave Subdivision. U.S. Route 466 was built in the 1930s, and the road is now State Route 58. The Pass is also the route of the planned California High-Speed Rail line.
The Tehachapi Mountains are also crossed by Tejon Pass at the southwest end of the range.
Name
The precise meaning of the name Tehachapi Pass is often a source of confusion. Technically (i.e., as noted on USGS topographic maps), the name refers to the narrowest part of the canyon on the eastern approach to the summit (as at San Gorgonio Pass), where the elevation is about {{convert|3771|ft|m|0}}. The actual high point is just east of the town of Tehachapi, at an elevation (on the railroad next to Tehachapi Boulevard) of {{convert|4031|ft|m|0}}. The highway sign refers to this location as Tehachapi Summit. However, the term Tehachapi Pass is routinely used to refer to both this location and the approaches on either side.
Features
File:Crossing of the Sierra Nevadas, California; 'Tehachapa Pass,' 1,720 miles west of Missouri River. (Boston Public Library).jpg and Tehachapi Pass in 1869]]
The mountain pass acts as a venturi effect to air moving between ocean and desert, increasing wind speed.{{cite web |title=Why Tehachapi Pass? / Pioneers of the Wind / Hike A Mile or Two - Thousand Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=63166 |website=www.hmdb.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019013017/https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=63166 |archive-date=19 October 2020 |language=en |url-status=live}}
The area east and south of the pass is home to the Tehachapi Pass Wind Farm, and to the west is Alta Wind Energy Center, some of California's larger wind farms.
The railroad landmark known as the Tehachapi Loop is about {{convert|18|mi|km|0}} west of the summit. The pass is also a proposed route for the California High-Speed Rail line between Palmdale and Bakersfield.{{cite news |last1=Vartabedian |first1=Ralph |title=Bullet train plan for Tehachapi passage would cost $18.1 billion over 82 miles |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-02-29/bullet-train-plan-for-tehachapi-mountain-passage-would-cost-18-billion-over-82-miles |accessdate=22 October 2020 |agency=Los Angeles Times |date=29 February 2020}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Sierra Nevada}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Historic trails and roads in California
Category:Landforms of Kern County, California
Category:Mountain passes of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Category:Rail mountain passes of the United States