Tenpyō-shōhō
{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (749–757 CE)}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = Shōsōin}}
{{nihongo|Tenpyō-shōhō|天平勝宝}} was a {{nihongo|Japanese era name|年号|nengō|lit. "year name"}} after Tenpyō-kanpō and before Tenpyō-hōji. This period spanned the years from July 749 through August 757.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tenpyō-shōhō" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|Japan Encyclopedia, p. 957|page=957}}; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}. The reigning empress was {{nihongo|Kōken-tennō|孝謙天皇}}.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 73]-75; Varley, Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 143-144.
Change of era
- 749 {{nihongo|Tenpyō-shōhō gannen|天平勝宝元年}}: The new era name of Tenpyō-shōhō (meaning "Heavenly Peace and Victorious Treasure")Bowman, John. (2000). [https://books.google.com/books?id=pg5Qi28akwEC&q=bowman,+john+stewart Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture, p. 127.] was created to mark the accession of Empress Kōken. Shortly after Tenpyō-kanpō was initially proclaimed, Emperor Shōmu renounced the throne, thus becoming the first emperor to take the tonsure as a Buddhist monk.Varley, p. 143. Shōmu's reign and the Tenpyō-kanpō era ended simultaneously as he began a new phase of his life. The previous era ended after a mere four months, and the new one commenced in Tenpyō-kanpō 1, on the 2nd day of the 7th month of 749.Brown, p. 274.
Events of the ''Tenpyō-shōhō'' era
- 749 (Tenpyō-shōhō 1): Emperor Shōmu abdicates, and his daughter receives the succession (senso). Shortly thereafter, Empress Kōken formally accedes to the throne (sokui).Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
- 749 (Tenpyō-shōhō 1)
- 752 (Tenpyō-shōhō 4, 4th month): The Eye-Opening Ceremony celebrating the completion of the Great Buddha is held at Tōdai-ji in Nara.Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 74.]
- 5 September 750 (Tenpyō-shōhō 2, 1st day of the 8th month): In the 10th year of Kōken-tennō{{'}}s reign (称徳天皇10年), the empress abdicated; and succession (senso) was received by her adopted son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Junnin is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 75]; Brown, p. 275; Varley, p. 44, 144.
Notes
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References
- Bowman, John Stewart. (2000). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|9780231110051}}; {{ISBN|9780231110044}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42429361 OCLC 42429361]
- Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323 OCLC 251325323]
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC Japan encyclopedia.] Cambridge: Harvard University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran Annales des empereurs du Japon.] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
- Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764 OCLC 6042764]
External links
- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
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{{succession box
| before =Tenpyō-kanpō
| title = Era or nengō
Tenpyō-shōhō
| years = 749–757
| after =Tenpyō-hōji
}}
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{{Japanese era name}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tenpyo-shoho}}