Tepehuanes
{{Short description|Municipality in Durango, Mexico}}
{{other uses}}
{{One source|date=February 2011}}
Tepehuanes is a municipality in the Mexican state of Durango.{{cite web |url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/durango/mpios/10035a.htm |title=Durango - Tepehuanes |access-date=2011-02-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928124841/http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/durango/mpios/10035a.htm |archive-date=2011-09-28 }} It is located in the North West of Durango at 25°12'"-26°25'"N 105°23'"-106°40'"W, at an elevation of about 1,830 meters (6000 feet).
The municipal seat is at Santa Catarina de Tepehuanes.
Name
Population
As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 10,745,{{cite web|title=Tepehuanes|url=http://www.microrregiones.gob.mx/catloc/LocdeMun.aspx?tipo=clave&campo=loc&ent=10&mun=035|work=Catálogo de Localidades|publisher=Secretaría de Desarrollo Social (SEDESOL)|access-date=23 April 2014}} down from 11,605 as of 2005.
The municipality had 340 localities, the largest of which (with Santa Catarina de Tepehuanes (4,761)), classified as urban.
History
=Founding=
Image:Templo de Santa Catarina de Tepehuanes 2008-08-08.jpg
File:Plaza of Tepehuanes, Durango Mx.jpg
When the Spanish arrived in the area, they met a large tribe known as the Great Tepehuan Nation living on the eastern side of the Sierra Madre Occidental. . In 1597 Father and Jesuit Jerónimo Ramírez arrived from the northeast of Durango on a mission to establish missionaries and evangelize the natives who inhabited the region. After great difficulty and the help of a Tepehuan woman, he convinced the Tepehauns to establish a settlement on the bend that forms the terrain next to the Tepehuan River where the church symbolized the foundation. On 16 July 1597 the mission of Santa Catarina de Tepehuanes, Durango was founded, and would later be the base of the municipality of Tepehuanes.
=Rebellion of 1616=
Although the Spanish were well received by the natives, the Spanish sought enrichment and power. They considered themselves a superior race, not just for the color of their skin, but for the power of their arms. They subjugated and enslaved the natives for their own private services. Nineteen years after the founding of the mission in Tepehuanes at the start of the 17th century, a rebellion by the Tepehuans began led by the violent and bewitching Quautlatas who martyred several priests, along with 70 black slaves, 200 Spaniards of all age and condition, and the countless converts who embraced their faith so much they chose death over renouncing it.
=18th Century to Today=
For the 18th century Tepehaunes was part of Santiago Papasquiaro. In 1910 the Mexican Revolution began and Tepehuanes was not spared the fighting between the revolutionaries and the federalists. It's during the revolution that Tepehuanes became an independent municipality in 1917 due to the breakdown of political leadership. Félix López was its first municipal president.
In March 1917 the Revolutionary Leader, Fransico Villa, was defeated in Tepehuanes by the General, Miguel Aguirre Gonzalez.
Geography
=Borders=
It is bordered to the north by the municipality of Guanaceví, the municipality of El Oro to the east, the municipality of Santiago Papasquiaro to the south, the municipality of Canelas to the southwest, the municipality of Topia to the west, and the municipality of Tamazula to the northwest along with the state of Chihuahua.
=Territory=
The total area of the municipality (urban and rural) is 6401.50 square kilometers, which represents 95.95% of the state.
=Climate=
{{Weather box
|location = Tepehuanes (1951–2010)
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|temperature colour =
|Jan record high C = 34.0
|Feb record high C = 34.0
|Mar record high C = 37.0
|Apr record high C = 40.0
|May record high C = 40.0
|Jun record high C = 42.0
|Jul record high C = 40.0
|Aug record high C = 37.0
|Sep record high C = 38.0
|Oct record high C = 37.0
|Nov record high C = 36.0
|Dec record high C = 38.0
|year record high C = 42.0
|Jan high C = 21.3
|Feb high C = 23.2
|Mar high C = 26.5
|Apr high C = 29.4
|May high C = 32.1
|Jun high C = 33.2
|Jul high C = 30.6
|Aug high C = 30.6
|Sep high C = 28.9
|Oct high C = 27.8
|Nov high C = 25.3
|Dec high C = 22.1
|year high C = 27.5
|Jan mean C = 10.4
|Feb mean C = 11.6
|Mar mean C = 14.5
|Apr mean C = 17.7
|May mean C = 20.7
|Jun mean C = 23.5
|Jul mean C = 22.6
|Aug mean C = 22.1
|Sep mean C = 20.8
|Oct mean C = 17.9
|Nov mean C = 14.1
|Dec mean C = 11.1
|year mean C = 17.3
|Jan low C = -0.5
|Feb low C = 0.1
|Mar low C = 2.6
|Apr low C = 5.9
|May low C = 9.2
|Jun low C = 13.8
|Jul low C = 14.6
|Aug low C = 14.1
|Sep low C = 12.7
|Oct low C = 8.0
|Nov low C = 2.8
|Dec low C = 0.1
|year low C = 7.0
|Jan record low C = -11.2
|Feb record low C = -9.0
|Mar record low C = -7.0
|Apr record low C = -6.5
|May record low C = 1.0
|Jun record low C = 4.5
|Jul record low C = 4.0
|Aug record low C = 6.0
|Sep record low C = 0.0
|Oct record low C = -1.0
|Nov record low C = -8.5
|Dec record low C = -10.0
|year record low C = -11.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 16.2
|Feb precipitation mm = 7.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 7.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 4.8
|May precipitation mm = 7.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 55.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 110.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 112.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 71.7
|Oct precipitation mm = 30.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 8.7
|Dec precipitation mm = 21.6
|year precipitation mm = 453.5
|Jan humidity = 60
|Feb humidity = 56
|Mar humidity = 49
|Apr humidity = 46
|May humidity = 48
|Jun humidity = 51
|Jul humidity = 59
|Aug humidity = 65
|Sep humidity = 65
|Oct humidity = 60
|Nov humidity = 58
|Dec humidity = 58
|year humidity = 56
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 2.3
|Feb precipitation days = 1.2
|Mar precipitation days = 1.0
|Apr precipitation days = 1.0
|May precipitation days = 1.7
|Jun precipitation days = 7.7
|Jul precipitation days = 14.6
|Aug precipitation days = 14.2
|Sep precipitation days = 9.5
|Oct precipitation days = 3.6
|Nov precipitation days = 1.4
|Dec precipitation days = 2.4
|year precipitation days = 60.6
|source 1 = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Normals 1951-2010){{cite web
| url = https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales5110/NORMAL10084.TXT
| title = Estado de Durango–Estacion: Tepehuanes (SMN)
| work = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1951–2010
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| language = Spanish
| access-date = March 6, 2021}}(Extremes 1922-1988){{cite web
| url = https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Max-Extr/00010/00010084.TXT
| title = Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Tepehuanes (SMN) 1922-1987
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| language = Spanish
| access-date = March 6, 2021}}(Humidity 1981-2000){{cite web
| url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/tepehuanes.pdf
| title = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160210045120/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/tepehuanes.pdf
| language = Spanish
| access-date = February 13, 2016| archive-date = 2016-02-10
}}
}}
=Communities=
Tepehuanes has several branching communities (pueblos) surrounding the town.
- El Taiste
- San Jose De La Boca
- La Purísima
- El Rincón
- Carreras
- Los Pinos
- San Nicolás de El Presidios
- Sandías
- La Ciénega
- Corrales
- Arroyo Chico
- San Isidro De Las Calabazas
- La Conception (La Concha)
- Los Cerritos
- El Sebollin
- Los Bagres
- El Corazon
- La Candela
- Presidios
- San Ignacio
- Zapiguri del primo efrain huevon
- La Mesa De Navar
- San Pedro De Pescaderos
- El Potrero De Chaidez
- El Refugio
- San Miguel
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Durango}}
{{Coord|25|20|35.11|N|105|43|25.46|W|region:MX_type:city|display=title}}