Tesla Powerpack
{{short description|Large-scale battery energy storage product manufactured by Tesla Energy}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox product
| image = TeslaSuperchargerPowerpack.jpg
| caption = Tesla Powerpack batteries at a Supercharger station
| type = [[energy storage|Battery
energy storage device]]
| inception = {{start date|2012}}
| manufacturer = Tesla Energy
| available = No
| last production = 2022
| models =
| url = {{URL|https://web.archive.org/web/20220201000000*/https://www.tesla.com/powerpack|tesla.com/powerpack}} (archived)
}}
The Tesla Powerpack is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery stationary energy storage item, intended for use by businesses or on smaller projects from power utilities. The device was manufactured by Tesla Energy, the clean energy subsidiary of Tesla, Inc. The Powerpack stores electricity for time of use load shifting, backup power, demand response, microgrids, renewable energy integration, frequency regulation, and voltage control. The first prototype Powerpacks were installed in 2012 at the locations of a few industrial customers. After July 22, 2022, the product was no longer listed for sale.
Tesla Energy offers other battery energy storage devices: the Powerwall, intended for home use, and the Megapack, intended for electrical grid use.
{{TOC limit|3}}
History
As Tesla, Inc. developed batteries for its electric car business, the company also started experimenting with using batteries for energy storage. Starting in 2012, Tesla installed prototype battery packs (to later be called the Powerpack) at the locations of a few industrial customers.{{cite news|last=Terdiman|first=Daniel |date=June 25, 2015|title=How Tesla's Commercial Batteries Have Changed The Future...For Winemakers?|work=Fast Company|location=US|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/3047813/how-teslas-commercial-batteries-have-changed-the-futurefor-winemakers |access-date=May 29, 2016}} The batteries allowed customers to store energy to be used for peak shaving, load shifting, backup power, demand response, microgrids, renewable power integration, frequency regulation, and voltage control.{{Cite web|title=Powerpack - Commercial & Utility Energy Storage Solutions {{!}} Tesla|url=https://www.tesla.com/powerpack |access-date=February 5, 2020|website=www.tesla.com|language=en}} Using these techniques, some early customers were able to reduce their electrical bill by 20%.{{cite news |url=http://www.fastcompany.com/3047813/how-teslas-commercial-batteries-have-changed-the-futurefor-winemakers |title=How Tesla's Commercial Batteries Have Changed The Future...For Winemakers? |first=Daniel |last=Terdiman |work=Fast Company |location=US |date=June 25, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016}}
In November 2013, Tesla announced that it would build Giga Nevada, a factory to produce lithium-ion batteries, like those used in the Powerpack.{{cite news|date=November 15, 2014|title=2013: Tesla Motors may make its own batteries|work=Mercury News|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_24531612/tesla-motors-may-make-its-own-batteries |access-date=August 1, 2016}}{{cite web|last=Savov|first=Vlad |date=November 6, 2013|title=Tesla's solution to battery shortages is to build its own 'giga factory'|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/11/6/5072186/tesla-giant-battery-factory-plans |access-date=August 1, 2016|work=theverge.com}}
The success of the early Powerpack installations led Tesla to announce in April 2015 that it would apply its technology to a home energy storage system, the Powerwall.{{cite news|last=Russell|first=Jon |date=April 30, 2015|title=Tesla's $3,000 Powerwall Will Let Households Run Entirely On Solar Energy|url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/04/30/tesla-powerwall-home-battery/#.uayvgx:LhV8 }}
During 2015 and 2016, Tesla deployed a combined 300 MWh of Powerwall and Powerpack technology.{{Cite news |last=Lambert |first=Fred |date=January 23, 2017 |title=Tesla quietly brings online its massive – biggest in the world – 80 MWh Powerpack station with Southern California Edison |url=https://electrek.co/2017/01/23/tesla-mira-loma-powerpack-station-southern-california-edison/ |access-date=April 5, 2020 |website=Electrek |language=en-US |archive-date=September 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901041045/https://electrek.co/2017/01/23/tesla-mira-loma-powerpack-station-southern-california-edison/ |url-status=live }}
Powerpack specifications
The Powerpack is a bigger unit with 100 kWh (first generation) and 210 kWh (2nd generation) of storage for commercial and utility grid use. To meet the variety of energy needs in industry, "Powerpack is infinitely scalable", said Elon Musk.{{Cite magazine|title=Elon Musk's Grand Plan to Power the World With Batteries|url=https://www.wired.com/2015/05/tesla-batteries/ |access-date=November 2, 2015|magazine=WIRED|last1=Davies |first1=Alex }} The late 2016 Powerpack 2 probably uses 21700 cells.{{cite news|last=Lambert|first=Fred |title=Tesla is doubling the energy capacity of the Powerpack with new battery cells from the Gigafactory|url=https://electrek.co/2016/10/07/tesla-powerpack-2-0-doubling-energy-capacity-new-battery-cell-2170-gigafactory/ |access-date=October 15, 2016|work=Electrek|date=October 7, 2016 |location=US}} As of March 2020, the 232 kWh version with inverter cost $172,707.{{cite web|last1=Lambert|first1=Fred |date=March 31, 2020|title=Tesla reveals insane $172,000 Powerpack price and here's why it makes sense|url=https://electrek.co/2020/03/31/tesla-powerpack-price-commercial-solar/ |website=Electrek}}
| class="wikitable" |
| Model
! Technology ! Capacity (kWh) ! Wh per {{USD}} ! {{USD}} per kWh ! Operating {{abbr|temp.|temperature}} ! Weight ! Dimensions, H × W × D ! Max DC Voltage ! Max DC Current ! Max DC Power |
|---|
| Powerpack 1
| 100 | 2.13 | 470 | - | - | {{convert| 218.5|x|82.2|x|130.8|cm|in|abbr=on}} |
| Powerpack 2
| 200 | 2.51 | {{convert |
| 22 to 122|F|C}}
| {{convert|3575|lb|kg|abbr=on}} | {{convert|218.5|x|82.2|x|130.8|cm|in|abbr=on}} |
| Powerpack 2 4HR
| 210 | | | {{convert |
| 22 to 122|F|C}}
| {{convert|4762|lb|kg|abbr=on}} | {{convert| 218.5|x|82.2|x|130.8|cm|in|abbr=on}} | 960 VDC | 66 A | 55 kW |
= Examples of Powerpack installation =
Tesla installed a grid storage facility for Southern California Edison with a capacity of 80 MWh at a power of 20 MW between September 2016 and December 2016 to reduce the local loss of peak power after the Aliso Canyon gas leak.{{cite web|url= http://www.utilitydive.com/news/sce-taps-tesla-for-80-mwh-storage-project-to-deal-with-aliso-canyon-gas-sho/426471/ |title=SCE taps Tesla for 80 MWh storage project to deal with Aliso Canyon gas shortage|date= September 16, 2016|work=Utility Dive|accessdate= October 28, 2016}} {{asof|2017|01}} the storage unit was one of the largest accumulator batteries on the market. Tesla installed 400 Powerpack-2 modules (80 MWh) at the Mira Loma transformer station in California. The battery storage serves to store energy at a low network load and then to feed this energy back into the grid at peak load. The principal way of adding peak generation capacity prior to this was the use of gas-fired power stations.[http://www.golem.de/news/powerpack-tesla-nimmt-netzspeicher-in-kalifornien-in-betrieb-1701-125793.html Tesla nimmt Netzspeicher in Kalifornien in Betrieb] In: golem.de. January 25, 2017, retrieved, January 27, 2017.[https://electrek.co/2017/01/23/tesla-mira-loma-powerpack-station-southern-california-edison/ Tesla quietly brings online its massive – biggest in the world – 80 MWh Powerpack station with Southern California Edison] In: electrek.co. January 23, 2017, retrieved, January 27, 2017.
In 2017, Tesla used Powerpacks to deploy 100 MW/129 MWh of battery storage at the Hornsdale Power Reserve in South Australia,{{Cite news |last=Wahlquist |first=Calla |date=September 27, 2018 |title=South Australia's Tesla battery on track to make back a third of cost in a year |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/sep/27/south-australias-tesla-battery-on-track-to-make-back-a-third-of-cost-in-a-year |access-date=April 5, 2020 |issn=0261-3077}} the biggest deployment of lithium-ion grid battery storage in the world at the time.{{Cite journal |last=Normile |first=Dennis |date=July 7, 2017 |title=Tesla to build titanic battery facility |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/tesla-build-titanic-battery-facility |journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.aan7072 |issn=0036-8075 |archive-date=July 18, 2022 |access-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718001846/https://www.science.org/content/article/tesla-build-titanic-battery-facility |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}
Powerpacks continue to be used by utilities to meet smaller-scale grid energy storage requirements. For example, a 25 MW / 52 MWh deployment of Powerpacks is in use at the Lake Bonney Wind Farm in South Australia.{{Cite web |last=Parkinson |first=Giles |date=November 5, 2019 |title=Lake Bonney battery charges up for first time in South Australia |url=https://reneweconomy.com.au/lake-bonney-battery-charges-up-for-first-time-in-south-australia-37264/ |access-date=April 16, 2020 |website=RenewEconomy |language=en-AU |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200103113139/https://reneweconomy.com.au/lake-bonney-battery-charges-up-for-first-time-in-south-australia-37264/ |url-status=live }}
Market
At the announcement, a larger battery called Powerpack—storing 100 kWh of electrical energy—was projected to be available for industrial consumers,{{when|date=October 2016}} reaching a price point of $250/kWh.{{clarify|date=September 2016|reason=contrast with $445/kWh}} The Powerpack was projected to comprise the majority of stationary storage production at Gigafactory 1 while Powerwall would play a smaller part, giving Tesla a profit margin of 20 percent.{{cite news|date=May 7, 2015|title=Tesla Motors (TSLA) Earnings Report: Q1 2015 Conference Call Transcript|page=4|work=TheStreet|url=http://www.thestreet.com/story/13142191/4/tesla-motors-tsla-earnings-report-q1-2015-conference-call-transcript.html |url-status=dead|access-date=May 11, 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150511004353/http://www.thestreet.com/story/13142191/4/tesla-motors-tsla-earnings-report-q1-2015-conference-call-transcript.html |archive-date=May 11, 2015}}{{cite news |first=Nikki |last=Gordon-Bloomfield |url=https://transportevolved.com/2015/05/06/tesla-motors-posts-q1-2015-losses-due-to-strong-dollar-high-capital-expenditures-hits-1000-carweek-model-s-production/ |title=Tesla Motors Posts Q1 2015 Losses, Due to Strong Dollar, High Capital Expenditures. Hits 1,000 Car/Week Model S Production |work=Transport Evolved |date=May 6, 2015 |access-date=May 9, 2015 |archive-date=June 13, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170613185013/https://transportevolved.com/2015/05/06/tesla-motors-posts-q1-2015-losses-due-to-strong-dollar-high-capital-expenditures-hits-1000-carweek-model-s-production/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite news|last=Mooney|first=Chris |date=May 1, 2015|title=What backing up your home with Tesla's battery might be like|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2015/05/01/what-backing-up-your-home-with-teslas-battery-might-be-like/ |access-date=May 9, 2015}}
= Price tendency =
In September 2016, Tesla priced the Powerpack at $445/kWh, and a system with 200 kWh of energy and 100 kW of peak power was the cheapest available priced at $145,100. A bi-directional 250 kW inverter costs $52,500.{{cite news|url=https://electrek.co/2016/09/09/tesla-quietly-reduced-the-price-of-the-powerpack-by-5-and-its-commercial-inverter-by-19/ |title=Tesla quietly reduced the price of the Powerpack by 5% and its commercial inverter by 19%|work=Electrek |date=September 9, 2016 |access-date=September 9, 2016 |last1=Lambert |first1=Fred }} By October 2016, a limited system of Powerpack 2 cost $398/kWh.{{cite news|url= https://electrek.co/2016/11/14/tesla-powerpack-2-price/ |title=Tesla slashes price of the Powerpack system by another 10% with new generation|date= November 14, 2016|work=Electrek |access-date= November 14, 2016 |last1=Lambert |first1=Fred }} A 22 MWh system can cost €15 million.{{cite web |last1=Stojkovski |first1=Bojan |title=Tesla power storage: Balkan battery project is 'largest running in Europe' |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/tesla-power-storage-balkan-battery-project-is-largest-running-in-europe/ |website=ZDNet |language=en |date=November 13, 2019}}
= Volume tendency =
Musk predicted in 2016 that the utility power will need to increase to supply more electric vehicles, eventually reaching an equilibrium with about 1/3 of power coming from distributed energy and 2/3 from utilities.{{cite web|url= http://www.utilitydive.com/news/tesla-unveils-residential-solar-roof-and-new-powerwall-battery/429315/ |title=Tesla unveils residential solar roof and new Powerwall battery|date=October 28, 2016|first=Gavin |last=Bade |work=Utility Dive|access-date=October 29, 2016}} Battery storage is one of the ways to mitigate the increasing duck curve, particularly in California.{{cite web|last1=Lazar|first1=Jim |title=Teaching the "Duck" to Fly|url=http://www.ripuc.ri.gov/eventsactions/docket/4443-EERMC-Presentation2_5-8-14.pdf |publisher=RAP |date=2014 |access-date=April 29, 2015}}{{cite web |url=http://insideenergy.org/2014/10/02/ie-questions-why-is-california-trying-to-behead-the-duck/ |title=IE Questions: Why Is California Trying To Behead The Duck? |first=Jordan |last=Wirfs-Brock |date=October 2, 2014 |work=Inside Energy |access-date=October 29, 2016}}
Competition
BYD's energy storage system is another competitor of Tesla's Powerpack. UC San Diego installed this system, which has 5 megawatt-hour (MWh) capacity—enough to power 2,500 homes—in September 2014.{{Cite web |title=One of the Nation's Largest, Most Environmentally-Friendly Battery Energy Storage Systems to be Installed at UC San Diego {{!}} Business Wire|url = http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20140929005353/en/Nation%25E2%2580%2599s-Largest-Environmentally-Friendly-Battery-Energy-Storage-Systems|website = www.businesswire.com | date=September 29, 2014 |access-date=November 2, 2015}} BYD is a large supplier of rechargeable batteries, and is also known for its leading position in electric buses.{{Cite web |title=BYD Wins Huge Electric Bus Contract In Washington |url=http://cleantechnica.com/2015/09/17/byd-wins-huge-electric-bus-contract-in-washington/ |website=CleanTechnica |access-date=November 2, 2015 |archive-date=December 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210090053/http://cleantechnica.com/2015/09/17/byd-wins-huge-electric-bus-contract-in-washington/ |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |title=BYD Motors Wins America's Largest Electric Bus Order |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/byd-motors-wins-americas-largest-electric-bus-order-300138125.html |website=www.prnewswire.com |access-date=November 2, 2015}}{{Cite news |title=BYD Projects More U.S. Electric-Bus Orders |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-04-27/china-s-byd-wins-its-biggest-electric-bus-order-in-u-s- |website=Bloomberg.com |access-date=November 2, 2015 |date=April 27, 2015 }}
Sonnen and AutoGrid collaborated on combining house batteries into a large-scale utility-level grid storage system.{{cite web|url= http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/sonnen-and-autogrid-marry-big-data-with-battery-backed-solar |title=Sonnen and AutoGrid Marry Big Data With Battery-Backed Solar|access-date= October 15, 2016}}{{cite web|url=http://www.utilitydive.com/news/sonnen-taps-autogrid-software-to-broaden-uses-for-its-battery-systems/428265/|title=Sonnen taps AutoGrid software to broaden uses for its battery systems|date= October 14, 2016|work=Utility Dive|access-date= October 15, 2016}} Eos claimed a battery price of $160/kWh in 2017, before the cost of integration by Siemens.{{cite web|url= https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/eos-finds-partner-in-siemens-on-path-to-scaling-unusual-battery |title=Eos Finds a Partner in Siemens to Scale an Unusual Battery |first=Julian |last=Spector |publisher=GTM |date=January 30, 2017 |access-date=January 31, 2017}}
See also
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{homepage|https://www.tesla.com/powerpack}}
- [https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-32549118 Why Tesla is backing batteries], BBC
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGHsDqwSY28 2015 Conference call with Elon Musk] ([http://seekingalpha.com/article/3151236-tesla-motors-tsla-elon-reeve-musk-on-q1-2015-results-earnings-call-transcript Whole transcript, subscribed.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150510030008/http://www.thestreet.com/story/13142191/1/tesla-motors-tsla-earnings-report-q1-2015-conference-call-transcript.html Transcript in 15 pages])
{{Tesla Motors}}
Category:Lithium-ion batteries