Testimonial party

It is a peculiar phenomenon in the Netherlands, because of the Dutch system of proportional representation, in which any party that has over 0.66% of the vote can enter the House of Representatives. A typical House of Representatives has 10 or more factions represented. With such a large number of parties, it is all but impossible for one party to win the 76 seats needed for a majority in its own right.

As a result, most Dutch political parties will negotiate and compromise to form a coalition government. Testimonial parties will not compromise; this, combined with the fact that they are usually small parties, makes their participation in a coalition government extremely unlikely. Examples of parties that have referred to themselves as "testimonial" include the orthodox Protestant Reformed Political Party (SGP) and the animal rights-advocating Party for the Animals. In contrast, the term 'program party' is used for parties oriented toward participation in coalitions.

• The Christian Heritage Party of New Zealand and the Christian Heritage Party of Canada, many members of which had Dutch ancestry, may have been a version of a 'testimonial party' effectively exported to a foreign context.
• The Communist Party of Greece refuses to join any coalition like in May 2012 or January 2015.
• Many Trotskyist parties, such as the Workers' Party of Uruguay, usually obtain less than 1000 votes in every election.{{explanation needed|reason=is there a correlation between votes and testimonial?|date=March 2023}}

• Protest party
• Single-issue politics
• Abstentionism

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Category:Political terminology

Category:Proportional representation electoral systems