The Ancines Woods

{{missing information|the film's home media releases|date=January 2019}}

{{Infobox film

| name = The Ancines Woods

| image = El bosque del lobo.jpg

| alt =

| caption = Original Spanish release poster

| native_name = {{Infobox name module|Spanish|El bosque del lobo}}

| director = Pedro Olea

| producer = Pedro Olea (uncredited)

| writer = Pedro Olea
Juan Antonio Porto

| based_on = {{Based on|El bosque de Ancines|Carlos Martínez-Barbeito}}

| starring = José Luis López Vázquez
Amparo Soler Leal
Antonio Casas
John Steiner
Nuria Torray

| music = Antonio Pérez Olea

| cinematography = Aurelio G. Larraya

| editing = José Antonio Rojo

| studio = Amboto Producciones Cinematográficas

| distributor = Universal Films Española

| released = {{Film date|1970|04|19|df=y}}

| runtime = 87 minutes

| country = Spain

| language = Spanish

| budget =

| gross =

}}

The Ancines Woods ({{langx|es|El Bosque del Lobo|lit=The Forest of the Wolf}} also known as The Wolf's Forest) is a 1970 Spanish drama/horror film co-written, produced, and directed by Pedro Olea.{{sfn|Dyer|2015|pp=223}} It is based on the novel by Carlos Martínez-Barbeito, and is partially based on the life of Manuel Blanco Romasanta and his alleged lycanthropy.{{sfn|Perez|2017|pp=183}}

Plot

The film focuses on Benito Freire, a lonely and miserable peddler whose world is dominated by ignorance and superstition. Wandering through various Galicia towns, he regularly suffers from severe attacks of epilepsy. Rumors about him begin to spread throughout the region, rumors that claim that Benito is both a werewolf and possessed by a demonic spirit. As the rumors about him continue to spread, Benito slowly descends into madness.

Cast

José Luis López Vázquez as Benito Freire
Amparo Soler Leal as Pacucha
Antonio Casas as Abad
John Steiner as Robert
Nuria Torray as Avelina
María Fernanda Ladrón de Guevara as Gabriela
Alfredo Mayo as Don Nicolás de Valcárcel
Víctor Israel as Lameiro
María Vico as Queiruga
Fernando Sánchez Polack as Vilairo
Pedro Luis León as Minguiños
María Arias as Mujer de Nicolás
Porfiria Sanchíz as Vigaira
Pilar Vela as Sabina

Production

El Bosque del Lobo is based on Carlos Martínez-Barbeito's 1947 novella El bosque de Ancines.{{cite news |last1=Galán |first1=Diego |title='El bosque del lobo', crónica de la represión |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1983/04/16/radiotv/419292002_850215.html |newspaper=El País |publisher=Diego Galán |access-date=5 February 2019 |language=Spanish |date=16 April 1983}} The novella itself was partially based upon the life of Spanish serial killer Manuel Blanco Romasanta,{{sfn|Senn|2017|pp=24}} who claimed to have suffered from lycanthropy.{{sfn|Vronsky|2018|pp=116}} Development for the film began in 1969 when producer/director Pedro Olea was searching for his next project after directing his first film Días de viejo color (1968). Dissatisfied with the potential projects he was offered, Olea decided to produce and direct an adaption of Martínez-Barbeito's novella. Actor José Luis López Vázquez was cast to portray the film's main protagonist Benito. López Vázquez, who with the exception of Peppermint Frappé (1967) had mainly starred in comedy of manners films before being cast in the film, would later star in non comedic roles in films such as horror thriller La Cabina (1972).{{cite news |last1=Bergan |first1=Ronald |author1-link=Ronald Bergan |title=José Luis López Vázquez obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/nov/12/jose-luis-lopez-vazquez-obituary |newspaper=The Guardian |date=12 November 2009 |access-date=5 February 2019}}

Censorship

While writing the screenplay for El Bosque del Lobo, writer/director Olea was forced to tone down the novel's more explicit violence and negative portrayal of religion in order to avoid possible censorship, stating in an interview with Nuestro cine that, criticism had to be 'more indirect, subterranean, more through the tone of the films than the concrete situations they reflect'.{{sfn|Hopewell|1986|pp=252}} In spite of this, the film was subject to censorship and was denounced by Spanish critics for its perceived anti-religious message and its denouncement of Spanish society of the time.{{cite web |author1=Mja |title=Pedro Olea returns to the Concello de A Bola, where he filmed, in 1970, "El bosque del lobo" - Faro de Vigo |url=https://www.farodevigo.es/portada-ourense/2012/07/23/pedro-olea-vuelve-concello-bola-rodo-1970-bosque-lobo/667699.html |website=Farodevigo.es |publisher=Faro de Vigo |access-date=6 February 2019 |location=Spain |language=Spanish |date=July 27, 2012}} It also received minor controversy when Admiral Carrero Blanco tried to prohibit the film from being released, after viewing the film in a private screening.{{cite web |title=El hombre lobo que horrorizó a Carrero Blanco — Agente Provocador |url=https://www.agenteprovocador.es/publicaciones/el-hombre-lobo-que-horrorizo-a-carrero-blanco |website=AganteProvacador.es |publisher=Agante Provacador |access-date=5 February 2019 |language=es|date=24 April 2018}}

Film historian Román Gubern stated that "while the censors allowed the screening of graphic 'bloodsheds performed by British and Spanish Draculas', El Bosque del Lobo was made more palatable by severely softening the depiction of violence and brutality, therefore neutralizing the critique contained in the novel's 'study of criminal anthropology'".{{sfn|Lazaro-Reboll|2012|pp=278}}

Release

=Theatrical release=

El Bosque del Lobo premiered at the Valladolid International Film Festival in April 1970.{{cite web |title=15th Valladolid International Film Festival |url=http://seminci.es/en/archive-winners/?ano=1970&itemselec=2 |website=Seminci.es |publisher=Seminci |access-date=6 February 2019 |location=Valladolid |language=Spanish |date=26 April 1970}} The film was later screened in the United States at the Chicago International Film Festival in November 1971.{{cite web |title=50 Years of Memories: Highlights from the History of the Chicago International Film Festival |url=http://www.chicagofilmfestival.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Chicago-International-Film-Festival-50-year-Retrospective.pdf |website=ChicagoFilmFestival.com |publisher=Chicago Film Festival |access-date=5 February 2019 |page=2 |date=2014}} It was later released theatrically in Spain on April 22, 1971. It was a critical and commercial success upon its initial release.{{sfn|Bentley|2008|pp=218}}{{sfn|Schlegel|2015|pp=18}} The film was later screened on August 10, 2012; as a part of a tribute to writer/director Olea organized by the Concello de A Bola and the Vicente Risco Foundation.

=Critical response and legacy=

Modern reassessment of El bosque del lobo has been mostly positive, with critics now praising López Vázquez's performance and Olea's direction.

In their book Performance and Spanish Film; authors Dean Allbritton, Alejandro Flórez Melero, and Tom Whittaker praised Vázquez's performance, writing, "In dramatically reshaping his usual intonation and diction for the role, López Vázquez's voice becomes snarling and inarticulate. His ramshackle appearance was as much of a radical departure as his vocal performance".{{sfn|Allbritton|Melero|Whittaker|2016|pp=102}}

The film was not without its detractors.

Antonio Méndez from AlohaCriticón.com gave the film a negative review, writing, "It could be interesting, but the plot is poor, it lacks strength, it has a love subframe and it sins of a scarce psychological treatment that focuses more on superfluous facts than on the sickly and interior emphasis of its characters."{{cite web |last1=Méndez |first1=Antonio |title=El Bosque Del Lobo: Críticas de películas - AlohaCriticón |url=https://www.alohacriticon.com/cine/criticas-peliculas/el-bosque-del-lobo-1970-de-pedro-olea/ |website=AlohaCriticón.com |date=12 April 2017 |publisher=Antonio Méndez |access-date=29 January 2019 |language=Spanish}}

The critical and commercial success of El bosque del lobo, brought widespread attention to director Olea,{{sfn|D'Lugo|1997|pp=88}} who would later go on to direct a series of films which included the 1992 adaption El maestro de esgrima (The Fencing Master) which received and Oscar nomination for Best Foreign Film.{{cite web |last1=Marx |first1=Andy |title=Foreign Oscar entries submitted – Variety |url=https://variety.com/1992/film/news/foreign-oscar-entries-submitted-101796/ |website=Variety.com |date=3 December 1992 |publisher=Andy Marx |access-date=6 February 2019}}

=Accolades=

class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! scope="col"\| Award ! scope="col"\| Date of ceremony ! scope="col"\| Category ! scope="col" style="width:30%;"\| Recipient(s) and nominee(s) ! scope="col"\| Result ! scope="col" class="unsortable"\| {{Abbr\|Ref.\|Reference}}
scope="row"\| Chicago International Film Festival \| November 25, 1971 \| Best Actor \| José Luis López Vázquez \| {{won}} \| scope="row" style="text-align:center;"\| {{sfn\|Hammer\|1991\|pp=429}}{{cite web \|title=50 Years of Memories: Highlights from the History of the Chicago International Film Festival \|url=http://www.chicagofilmfestival.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Chicago-International-Film-Festival-50-year-Retrospective.pdf \|website=ChicagoFilmFestival.com \|publisher=Chicago Film Festival \|access-date=5 February 2019 \|page=2 \|date=2014}}
scope="row" \| Valladolid International Film Festival \| April 19, 1970 \| San Gregorio Prize \| El Bosque del Lobo \| {{won}} \| scope="row" style="text-align:center;"\|

class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"

! scope="col"| Award

! scope="col"| Date of ceremony

! scope="col"| Category

! scope="col" style="width:30%;"| Recipient(s) and nominee(s)

! scope="col"| Result

! scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}

scope="row"| Chicago International Film Festival

| November 25, 1971

| Best Actor

| José Luis López Vázquez

| {{won}}

| scope="row" style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|Hammer|1991|pp=429}}{{cite web |title=50 Years of Memories: Highlights from the History of the Chicago International Film Festival |url=http://www.chicagofilmfestival.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Chicago-International-Film-Festival-50-year-Retrospective.pdf |website=ChicagoFilmFestival.com |publisher=Chicago Film Festival |access-date=5 February 2019 |page=2 |date=2014}}

scope="row" | Valladolid International Film Festival

| April 19, 1970

| San Gregorio Prize

| El Bosque del Lobo

| {{won}}

| scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|

References

Bibliography

{{cite book|last1=Allbritton|first1=Dean|last2=Melero|first2=Alejandro Flórez|last3=Whittaker|first3=Tom|title=Performance and Spanish Film|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WWMwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|year=2016|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-9772-0}}
{{cite book|last=Bentley|first=Bernard P. E.|title=A Companion to Spanish Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M6kRqqwNMm0C&pg=PA218|year=2008|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=978-1-85566-176-9}}
{{cite book|last=D'Lugo|first=Marvin|title=Guide to the Cinema of Spain|url=https://archive.org/details/guidetocinemaofs0000dlug|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/guidetocinemaofs0000dlug/page/88 88]|year=1997|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-29474-7}}
{{cite book|last=Dyer|first=Richard|title=Lethal Repetition: Serial Killing in European Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nSBdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA223|date=29 November 2015|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-84457-926-6}}
{{cite book|last=Hammer|first=Tad Bentley|title=International film prizes: an encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalfil00hamm|url-access=registration|year=1991|publisher=Garland|isbn=978-0-8240-7099-1}}
{{cite book|last=Hopewell|first=John|title=Out of the past: Spanish cinema after Franco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t-FkAAAAMAAJ|year=1986|publisher=BFI Books|isbn=978-0-85170-188-2}}
{{cite book|last=Lazaro-Reboll|first=Antonio|title=Spanish Horror Film|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NwirBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA24|date=20 November 2012|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-3640-2}}
{{cite book|last=Perez|first=Jorge|title=Confessional Cinema: Religion, Film, and Modernity in Spain's Development Years, 1960–1975|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWspDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA183|date=16 June 2017|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-1-4875-1245-3}}
{{cite book|last=Schlegel|first=Nicholas G.|title=Sex, Sadism, Spain, and Cinema: The Spanish Horror Film|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uyR1CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA198|date=11 June 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-1-4422-5116-8}}
{{cite book|last=Senn|first=Bryan|title=The Werewolf Filmography: 300+ Movies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4igSDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT286|date=6 February 2017|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-2691-8}}
{{cite book|last=St-Georges|first=Charles|title=Haunted Families and Temporal Normativity in Hispanic Horror Films: Troubling Timelines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4ZTDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|date=20 April 2018|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-1-4985-6336-9}}
{{cite book|last=Vronsky|first=Peter|title=Sons of Cain: A History of Serial Killers from the Stone Age to the Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MF4_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT116|date=14 August 2018|publisher=Penguin Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-698-17614-0}}