The Eagle of the Ninth
{{short description|1954 children's novel by Rosemary Sutcliff}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{infobox book |
| name = The Eagle of the Ninth
| image = Eagle of the Ninth cover.jpg
| caption = First edition
| author = Rosemary Sutcliff
| illustrator = C. Walter Hodges
| cover_artist =
| country = United Kingdom
| language = English
| series =
| genre = Historical novel
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| pub_date = 1954
| media_type = Print (hardback)
| pages = 255
| isbn =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by = The Silver Branch
}}
The Eagle of the Ninth is a historical adventure novel for children written by Rosemary Sutcliff and published in 1954. The story is set in Roman Britain in the 2nd century AD, after the building of Hadrian's Wall and follows a young centurion who lost his father when the Ninth Legion disappeared north of the wall. Sutcliff was inspired by a bronze eagle uncovered at Silchester and displayed in Reading Museum
Plot
Discharged because of a battle wound that has left him lame in one leg, young Roman officer Marcus Flavius Aquila tries to discover the truth about the disappearance of his father's legion in northern Britain. Disguised as a Greek oculist and travelling beyond Hadrian's Wall with his freed ex-slave, the British native hunter Esca, Marcus finds that a demoralized and mutinous Ninth Legion was annihilated by a great rising of the northern tribes. In part, this disgrace was redeemed through a heroic last stand by a small remnant (including Marcus' father) around the legion's eagle standard. Marcus' hope of seeing the lost legion re-established is dashed, but he is able to bring back the gilded bronze eagle so that it can no longer serve as a symbol of Roman defeat – and thus will no longer be a danger to the frontier's security. Rewarded by Rome for his services, he decides to settle as a landowner and farmer in Britain with his British wife, Cottia, and his freed friend, Esca.
Development
The Eagle of the Ninth is one of Sutcliff's earlier books, but may be her best-known title. It is the first in a sequence of novels, followed by The Silver Branch, Frontier Wolf, The Lantern Bearers (which won a Carnegie Medal), Sword at Sunset, Dawn Wind, Sword Song, and The Shield Ring. The sequence loosely traces a family, of the Roman Empire and then of Britain, who inherit an emerald seal ring bearing the insignia of a dolphin.
The book has also been published as The Eagle. It has been adapted a few times, most notably as the 2011 film The Eagle.
=Historical basis=
Sutcliff wrote in a foreword that she created the story from two elements: the disappearance of the Legio IX Hispana (Ninth Legion) from the historical record following an expedition north to deal with Caledonian tribes in 117; and the discovery of a wingless Roman eagle in excavations at Calleva Atrebatum (Silchester). The Museum of Reading, which now houses the Silchester eagle, states that it "is not a legionary eagle but has been immortalized as such by Rosemary Sutcliff".{{Cite web |title=Conservation |url=https://www.readingmuseum.org.uk/about/reading-abbey-revealed-project/conservation?id=fAAxADcAOQB8AHwAVAByAHUAZQB8AHwAMAB8AA2 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=Reading Museum |language=en}} It may originally have formed part of a Jupiter statue in the forum of the Roman town. Sutcliff also assumed that the legion's title of "Hispana" meant that it was raised in Hispania (now Spain and Portugal), but it was probably awarded this title for victories there.
At the time Sutcliff wrote, it was a plausible theory that the unit had been wiped out in Britain during a period of unrest early in the reign of the Emperor Hadrian (AD 117–138).{{cite book
|last=Campbell |first=Duncan B. |title=The Fate of the Ninth: The curious disappearance of one of Rome's legions |year=2018 |publisher=Bocca della Verità Publishing |isbn=978-1-791-76833-1 }}. Scholarly opinion now disputes this, for there are extant records that have been interpreted as indicating that detachments of the Ninth Legion were serving on the Rhine frontier later than the year 117, and it has been suggested that it was probably annihilated in the east of the Roman Empire. This in turn is disputed by other historians, who assert that it was indeed destroyed in northern Britain.Miles Russell, Bloodline: The Celtic Kings of Roman Britain p 180-5 (2010) Sheppard Frere, a Romano-British historian, has concluded that "further evidence is needed before more can be said".{{Cite book |last=Frere |first=Sheppard |url=https://archive.org/details/britanniahistory0000frer_g6r4/page/124/mode/2up |title=Britannia: A History of Roman Britain |publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul |year=1987 |isbn=0-7102-1215-1 |edition=Third, extensively revised |publication-place=London and New York |page=124 |via=Internet Archive |authorlink=Sheppard Frere}}
In other media
=Radio=
- The BBC Home Service produced a radio dramatisation which was first broadcast in six parts in Children's Hour between 27 February and 3 April 1957, repeated between 7 September and 12 October 1958, and later re-edited into a 90-minute radio play version broadcast in June 1963. The adaptation was by Felix Felton who also played the part of Guern the hunter; Marius Goring played Marcus and Martin Starkie Esca. An extract from the fourth movement of Ottorino Respighi's symphonic poem The Pines of Rome was used as the theme music.{{Cite web |last=Lawton |first=Anthony |date=2 April 2010 |title=The Eagle of the Ninth BBC Radio in 1957 {{!}} Rosemary Sutcliff Discovery of the Day |url=https://rosemarysutcliff.net/2010/04/02/bbc-radio-series-of-the-eagle-of-the-ninth-in-1957-sutcliff-discovery-of-the-day/ |access-date=13 September 2023 |website=ROSEMARY SUTCLIFF (1920-92) |language=en}}
- It was adapted again by the BBC in a full-cast radio drama in 1996 starring Tom Smith.{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Children's BBC Radio 4: The Eagle of the Ninth: 1 |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/47b56f25c47d4ec8b8f500e966dde1ed |access-date=13 September 2023 |website=BBC Programme Index |date= 2 June 1996}}
=Television=
- A BBC television series was made of the book in 1977, scripted by Bill Craig, Donald Bull and Arden Winch, and with Anthony Higgins as Marcus Aquila.IMDb page for [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0397778/ "The Eagle of the Ninth"] (1977 TV series).
=Film=
{{main|The Eagle (2011 film)}}
- A film adaptation titled The Eagle was released in 2011,IMDb page for [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1034389/ "The Eagle"] (2011 movie). directed by Kevin Macdonald and with Channing Tatum as Marcus Aquila and Jamie Bell as Esca.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/apr/05/state-of-play-kevin-macdonald|title=We went from a state of crisis to State of Play|first=Amy|last=Raphael|date=5 April 2009|work=The Observer}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://rosemarysutcliff.wordpress.com/ Blogsite on The Eagle of the Ninth and all Rosemary Sutcliff books by her godchild and literary executor]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724082728/http://www.readingmuseum.org.uk/GetAsset.aspx?id=fAAxADcAOQB8AHwAVAByAHUAZQB8AHwAMAB8AA2 Reading Museum PDF on the Silchester Eagle]
- [http://www.startrader.co.uk/Action%20TV/guide70s/eagleninth.htm Eagle of the Ninth], 6-part BBC Scotland 1977 TV series produced by Pharic MacLaren. Original BBC publicity notes and synopsis of the story, plus cast list and synopses for each episode.
{{Rosemary Sutcliff}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Eagle Of The Ninth, The}}
Category:Children's historical novels
Category:Novels by Rosemary Sutcliff
Category:Novels set in Roman Britain
Category:British children's novels
Category:Oxford University Press books
Category:British novels adapted into films
Category:Novels set in the 2nd century
Category:1954 children's books
Category:Novels about missing people
Category:Novels set in ancient Rome
Category:Television dramas set in ancient Rome
Category:Children's books set in ancient Rome
Category:Children's books set in the United Kingdom