The Guardian (1713)

{{short description|British newspaper (London; 12 March to 1 October 1713)}}

{{Other uses|Guardian (disambiguation)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

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|founder = Richard Steele{{cite book|author=Sir Richard Steele|title=Selections from the Works of Sir Richard Steele|url=https://archive.org/details/selectionsfromw04steegoog|year=1897|publisher=Ginn|pages=[https://archive.org/details/selectionsfromw04steegoog/page/n89 14]–}}

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|foundation = 12 March 1713{{cite book|author1=Edward A. Bloom|author2=Lillian D. Bloom|title=Joseph Addison and Richard Steele: The Critical Heritage|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NXrhAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA79|date=31 October 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-17180-2|pages=79–}}

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|ceased publication = 1 October 1713{{cite book|author=Rebecca Bullard|title=The Politics of Disclosure, 1674-1725: Secret History Narratives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tbU6CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA213|date=6 October 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-31414-1|pages=213–}}

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The Guardian was a short-lived newspaper published in London from 12 March to 1 October 1713.{{Cite book |title=The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, with New Maps and Original American Articles by Eminent Writers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FcAsAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA537|year=1895 |publisher=Werner |pages=537–}}

It was founded by Richard Steele{{Cite book |author=Mary Beth Harris |title=Gale Researcher Guide for: Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, and the Rise of the Periodical Genre |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O5pqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP6 |publisher=Gale, Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1-5358-5347-7 |pages=6–}} and featured contributions from Joseph Addison, Thomas Tickell, Alexander Pope, George Berkeley, and Ambrose Philips. Steele and Addison had previously collaborated on the Tatler and The Spectator (after which the present-day Spectator and Tatler are named).

Two of Berkeley's stories in The Guardian (numbers 35 and 38), each titled 'The Pineal Gland', constitute an early instance of philosophical speculative fiction. Armed with the device of a magic snuff that transports him to the Cartesian pineal glands of his adversaries, Berkeley's protagonist uses it “to distinguish the real from the professed sentiments of all persons of eminence in court, city, town, and country”.{{Cite journal |last=Moriarty |first=Clare Marie |last2=Walters |first2=Lisa |date=April 2023 |title=Berkeley's Gland Tour into Speculative Fiction Part 1: Homer, Descartes and Pope |url=https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/phc3.12908 |journal=Philosophy Compass |language=en |volume=18 |issue=4 |doi=10.1111/phc3.12908 |issn=1747-9991|hdl=2262/102154 |hdl-access=free }}

File:Button's Lion head.png, used for submissions to The Guardian]]

Button's Coffee House in Russell Street, Covent Garden, acted as an ad hoc office for the newspaper.{{cite web| url=https://www.geriwalton.com/buttons-coffee-house/ | first=Geri | last=Walton | title=Button's Coffee House: Fashionable Eighteenth-Century Site | website=Geri Walton | date=23 July 2014 | accessdate=10 October 2021 }} Contributors submitted written material in a marble lion's head letterbox, said to have been designed by the artist William Hogarth, for possible publication in The Guardian.

The Gentleman's Magazine{{Cite book |author=Marshall |title=Catalogue of Five Hundred Celebrated Authors of Great Britain, Now Living: The Whole Arranged in Alphabetical Order; and Including a Complete List of Their Publications, with Occasional Strictures, and Anecdotes of Their Lives |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGpLAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA33-IA29 |year=1788 |publisher=R. Faulder, J. Sewel, and B. Law |pages=33–}} followed on the heels of The Guardian, being touted by Richard Steele as a sequel of it.