Thomas Griffin (politician)

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix =

| name = Thomas Griffin

| honorific-suffix =

| image = Thomas Griffin, head-and-shoulders portrait, right profile LCCN2007675924.jpg

| alt =

| caption =Thomas Griffin, engraving by Charles Balthazar Julien Févret de Saint-Mémin

|office1 = Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from Virginia's 12th district

|term_start1 = March 4, 1803

|term_end1 = March 3, 1805

|predecessor1 = John Stratton

|successor1 = Burwell Bassett

|office2=Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from York County

|term_start2 = December 3, 1827

|term_end2 = December 5, 1830

|preceded2 = Thomas C. Russell

|succeeded2 = district merged with James City County

|alongside2 = Robert Sheild

|office3=Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from York County

|term_start3 = December 6, 1819

|term_end3 = November 30, 1823

|preceded3 = Robert Pescud

|succeeded3 = Thomas C. Russell

|alongside3 = William McCandlish, Robert P. Waller, Scervant Jones

|office4=Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from York County

|term_start4 =October 21, 1793

|term_end4 = November 30, 1800

|preceded4 = Robert Shield

|succeeded4 = John Waller

|alongside4 = Hugh Nelson, Samuel Shield, William Waller

| pronunciation =

| birth_name = Cyrus Griffin

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1773|07|16}}

| birth_place = Yorktown,
Colony of Virginia,
British America

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1837|10|7|1773|07|16}}

| death_place = Yorktown, Virginia

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| spouse = Mary Griffin

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| allegiance = {{flag|United States of America|1863}}

| branch =Virginia militia

| serviceyears = 1812-1814

|rank= Major

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| battles =War of 1812

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}}

Thomas Griffin (1773 – October 7, 1837) was an eighteenth and nineteenth century politician, planter, lawyer and judge from Virginia.Lyon Gardiner Tyler, Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography (1915) vol. 2, p. 111

Early and family life

Born in Yorktown, Virginia to Dr. Corbin Griffin and his wife. His ancestors journeyed to the colony nearly a century earlier, and settled on Virginia's Northern Neck, as well as in the Yorktown/Williamsburg area (the colony's capital as the conflict began). His namesake, Thomas Griffin, was the son of Col. Leroy Griffin of Richmond County, and began the family's political prominence when he served as a burgess in 1718-1723.Lyon Gardiner Tyler vol. 1 p. 249 His father was a prominent local patriot during the American Revolutionary War: as a member of the York County Committee of Safety (1775-1776), and then as surgeon in the Virginia line.Tyler Meanwhile, young Thomas remained received a private education suitable to his class, then studied law.{{CongBio|G000467}} He married his cousin Mary, daughter of prominent lawyer and patriot, then U.S. District Judge Cyrus Griffin.

Career

After being admitted to the Virginia bar, Griffin practiced law, as well as operated a plantation using enslaved labor. In the last census before his death, he owned 29 enslaved people, and his household also included a free Black woman of between 24 and 35 years old.U.S. Federal Census for York County, Virginia pp. 37-38 of 44

Voters in York County first elected Griffin as one of their two representatives in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1793, and he won re-election each year until 1800.Cynthia Miller Leonard, The Virginia General Assembly 1619-1978 (Richmond: Virginia State Library 1978) pp. 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217

During this part-time legislative service, Griffin also accepted an appointment as a justice of the court of oyer and terminer on October 17, 1796, serving until 1810.

In 1802, Congressman John Stratton having announced his retirement, Griffin won election as a Federalist to the United States House of Representatives in 1802, serving from 1803 to 1805. Democratic Republican Burwell Bassett defeated him in 1804 (and would win re-election several times.

Griffin was then appointed chief justice of the Court of Quarter Sessions in Yorktown on September 1, 1805, serving until 1810 when he became a justice of the York County Court, serving as this until 1812.

During the War of 1812, British ships threatened the Hampton Roads area. Griffin served as a major of Infantry, and was second in command during the Battle of Hampton.

After the war, Griffin again became a justice of the court of oyer and terminer, this time as chairman of the court, serving from 1814 to 1820.

In 1819, voters again elected Griffin as one of their representatives in the Virginia House of Delegates, and re-elected him, so he served from 1819 to 1823.Leonard pp. 301, 306, 311, 316 He again won election and re-election from 1827 to 1830,Leonard pp. 341, 346, 351 but following the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1829-1830, the Tidewater area lost representatives and more were allocated to western Virginia, so the York County district was merged with neighboring James City County.