Thomas Walker Gilmer

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Thomas Gilmer

| image = Thomas Gilmer newer.jpeg

| office = 15th United States Secretary of the Navy

| president = John Tyler

| term_start = February 19, 1844

| term_end = February 28, 1844

| predecessor = David Henshaw

| successor = John Y. Mason

| office1 = Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from Virginia

| constituency1 = {{ushr|VA|12|C}} (1841–43)
{{ushr|VA|5|C}} (1843–44)

| term_start1 = March 4, 1841

| term_end1 = February 16, 1844

| predecessor1 = James Garland

| successor1 = William L. Goggin

| office2 = 28th Governor of Virginia

| term_start2 = March 31, 1840

| term_end2 = March 20, 1841

| predecessor2 = David Campbell

| successor2 = John M. Patton {{small|(acting)}}

| office3 = 18th Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates

| term_start3 = 1839

| term_end3 = 1840

| predecessor3 = Linn Banks

| successor3 = Valentine W. Southall

| birth_name = Thomas Walker Gilmer

| birth_date = {{birth date|1802|4|6}}

| birth_place = Albemarle County, Virginia, U.S.

| death_date = {{death date and age|1844|2|28|1802|4|6}}

| death_place = Potomac River, Maryland, U.S.

| resting_place = Mount Air Cemetery
Gilbert, Virginia, U.S.

| party = Whig {{small|(Before 1842)}}
Democratic {{small|(1842–1844)}}

| spouse = Anne Baker

| children = 9

}}

Thomas Walker Gilmer (April 6, 1802 – February 28, 1844) was an American statesman. He served in several political positions in Virginia, including election as the 28th Governor of Virginia. Gilmer's final political office was as the 15th Secretary of the Navy, but he died in an accident ten days after assuming that position.

Personal life

Gilmer was born to George Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Hudson at their farm, "Gilmerton", in Albemarle County, Virginia. He was taught by private tutors and his uncle Peachy Ridgeway Gilmer in Charlottesville and Staunton, and studied law in Liberty (now Bedford), Virginia.Jamerson, p. 61Lewis, p. 686{{cite web | last = Markham | first = Thomas A. | title = A Bit of Town History: A Bit of History of "Old" Liberty/Bedford, Virginia | url = http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/m/a/r/Thomas-A-Markham-sr/FILE/0030page.html | access-date = 2008-10-27}}{{cite journal |last1=Shaffer |first1=Wade |title=Gilmer, Thomas Walkerunlocked (06 April 1802–28 February 1844) |journal=American National Biography |date=2000 |url=https://www.anb.org/search?q=thomas+walker+gilmer&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true |access-date=17 October 2021}}

Gilmer practiced law in Charlottesville. He was, briefly, editor of the Virginia Advocate, a Charlottesville newspaper.

On {{Date|May 13, 1826}}, Gilmer married Anne Elizabeth Baker of Shepherdstown, now in West Virginia. Her late father, John Baker, had been a member of the United States House of Representatives. They had nine children, including George Hudson Gilmer, a Presbyterian minister.

In 1829, Gilmer purchased Israel Jefferson, a former slave of Thomas Jefferson, who is best known for claiming that Sally Hemings was Thomas Jefferson's concubine. Gilmer later agreed to let Israel pay his own purchase price for his freedom after Gilmer's election to congress, as Israel desired to stay with his wife, a free woman.{{cite web|title=The Memoirs of Israel Jefferson|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/jefferson/cron/1873israel.html|publisher=PBS|access-date=29 November 2012}}

Political career

Image:Thomas Walker Gilmer.jpg

Gilmer first served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1829 to 1836, representing Albemarle County. He returned in 1839–40 and was named Speaker.

On February 14, 1840, Gilmer was elected the 28th Governor of Virginia. While in office, he disagreed with the Virginia General Assembly over the extradition of slave stealers, which played a part in his running for Congress the following winter.

In March 1841, he entered the 27th Congress as a Whig, and after John Tyler unexpectedly ascended to the presidency, Gilmer voted to sustain Tyler's vetoes of legislation favored by other Whigs. Gilmer was re-elected to the 28th Congress as a Democrat in 1842 by a close vote. His competitor, William L. Goggin, contested the result, but before the report of the investigating committee, which recommended that Gilmer be seated, could be acted on, Gilmer resigned from Congress to accept Tyler's nomination as Secretary of the Navy. Goggin then won the special election to fill the vacant seat.{{cite web|title=GOGGIN, William Leftwich, (1807 - 1870)|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=G000256|website=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress|access-date=11 March 2016}}

As one of President John Tyler's close Virginia allies in Washington, Gilmer was involved in the effort by the Tyler Administration to make the annexation of Texas the basis for his failed bid for re-election in 1844. On February 15, 1844, he was appointed by Tyler to be the U.S. Secretary of the Navy, and resigned his seat in the Congress the next day to enter on the duties of the office; but, ten days later, he was killed by the bursting of a bow gun on board {{USS|Princeton|1843|6}} while on a tour of the Potomac River below Washington. His death meant the loss of a valuable ally for Tyler, and some historians suggest that it may have delayed the Texas Annexation effort.{{cite book|last1=Crapol|first1=Edward P.|title=John Tyler: the accidental president|date=2006|publisher=The University of North Carolina Press|isbn=978-0-8078-3041-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/johntyleracciden00edwa/page/209 209]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/johntyleracciden00edwa/page/209}}

=Electoral history=

In 1842, Gilmer was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives with 50.21% of the vote, defeating William Leftwich Goggin.

Legacy

Gilmer is buried at Mount Air Cemetery in Gilbert, Virginia.

A year after his death, Gilmer County, Virginia was named in his honor; it is now part of West Virginia.

The city of Gilmer, Texas, is also named for him. (Gilmer is the county seat of surrounding Upshur County, Texas, named after Abel Parker Upshur, (1790–1844), another victim of the {{USS|Princeton|1843|6}} explosion which had taken Gilmer's life.)

Two ships of the United States Navy over the years have been named {{USS|Gilmer}} in his honor.

Notes

References

{{cite book | last = Jamerson | first = Bruce F., Clerk of the House of Delegates, supervising | title = Speakers and Clerks of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1776-2007 | publisher = Virginia House of Delegates | year = 2007 | location = Richmond, Virginia}}
{{cite book | last = Lewis | first = Virgil Anson | title = History of West Virginia | publisher = Hubbard Brothers, Philadelphia | year = 1887 | url = https://archive.org/details/historywestvirg00lewigoog | page = [https://archive.org/details/historywestvirg00lewigoog/page/n698 686] | quote = gilmerton albemarle virginia gilmer. | access-date = 2008-10-27}}

External links

[http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/lva/vi01958.html A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Thomas W. Gilmer, 1840-1841] at [http://www.lva.virginia.gov/ The Library of Virginia]

{{succession box

| title = Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates

| years = 1839–1840

| before = Linn Banks

| after = Valentine W. Southall

}}

{{succession box

| before = David Campbell

| title = Governor of Virginia

| years = March 31, 1840 – March 20, 1841

| after = John M. Patton
Acting Governor

}}