Three on a match

The belief was that when the first soldier lit his cigarette, the enemy would see the light; when the second soldier lit his cigarette from the same match, the enemy would take aim at the target; and when the third soldier lit his cigarette from the match, the enemy would fire, and that soldier would be shot.

A 1909 reference says about a French superstition: "[One who] lights three cigarettes with the same match is laying up trouble for himself".[https://www.newspapers.com/image/164642546/?clipping_id=164087067 Superstitions of the French] The Sun. March 21, 1909

References during World War I include: From October 8, 1916, "It is very unlucky to light three cigarettes on one match."[https://www.newspapers.com/image/572144887/?clipping_id=164076076 Women's Superstitions] St. Louis Globe-Democrat. October 8, 1916. From January 4, 1917, referencing soldiers in WW I: "Another man would rather waste a dry -- and therefore valuable -- match than light three cigarettes.[https://www.newspapers.com/image/587180291/?clipping_id=164075870 Have Many Strange Beliefs] The Sayre Standard. Sayre, Oklahoma. January 4, 1917. An editorial in the Grand Rapids Leader, 17 December 1919, muses, "Why should we be superstitious? Three on a match, or a black cat crossing the road in front of us, or looking [at] the moon over the left shoulder, have not altered results in anyone's case."William F. Huffman, We Are Still Here, Grand Rapids Leader, December 17, 1919, page 2 A cartoon two years later portrayed an insect attempting to climb on to a floating match already occupied by two beetles. The caption reads, "Get off of here! Don't you know that three on a match is unlucky?"Artist unknown, Looking at the Bright Side of Life, 21st Century Press, published in the Boston Globe, February 27, 1921, Color and Comic Section, page 3

The superstition is popularly alleged{{by whom|date=February 2024}} to have been invented in the mid- to late 1920s by the Swedish match tycoon Ivar Kreuger in an attempt to get people to use more matches, but it appears he merely made very shrewd use of the already existing belief, which may date to the Boer War.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

In the 1916 novel The Wonderful Year, the following explanation is given: "It arises out of the Russian funeral ritual in which the three altar candles are lit by the same taper. To apply the same method of illumination to three worldly things, like cigars or cigarettes, is regarded as an act of impiety and hence as unlucky."William J. Locke, The Wonderful Year, John Lane Company

An article by John G. Bourke, January 5, 1894, describes the superstition among the Mexican population of the Rio Grande region in the southern United States near Fort Ringgold, Texas: "Numbers—If three men light their cigarillos from the same match, bad luck will surely overtake one of them soon. (Alberto Leal.)"{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KQMpAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA138|title=Popular medicine, customs, and superstitions of the Rio Grande|author=John G. Bourke|date=1894-01-05|journal=Journal of American Folklore|volume=7-8|page=138}}

{{excessive examples|section|date=February 2024}}

• First National Pictures released a film in 1932 called The Match King, starring Warren William; it was loosely based on the life of the Swedish match tycoon Ivar Kreuger and depicts the protagonist creating the "three on a match" superstition in order to sell more matches.{{IMDb title|qid=Q7750644|id=tt0023198|title=The Match King (1932)}}{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}
• The 1941 Hollywood film Dive Bomber includes a scene during the initial character introductions where Fred MacMurray quickly blows out the match when another pilot attempts to light a third cigarette, then takes a lighter out of his own pocket to finish the job.
• The 1945 Hollywood film Scarlet Street had this as a piece of foreshadowing in the opening scene. When two men light their cigars, Chris (Edward G. Robinson) is offered to light his as well, but hesitates. At that, his boss puts in the dig, "What's wrong? You aren't superstitious, are you, Chris?"
• The 1946 Hollywood film The Best Years of Our Lives makes reference to the superstition, as the three protagonists (Captain Fred Derry, Sergeant Al Stephenson and sailor Homer Parrish) are returning to their hometown in the nose of a B-17. After lighting Fred and Al's cigarettes with a match, Homer asks if anyone is superstitious, and although his compatriots reply that they aren't, Homer states that he is and uses another match to light his own cigarette.
• The 1954 Popeye cartoon I Don't Scare refers to the superstition when Popeye lights 3 dynamite sticks in a dazed Bluto's mouth, saying with a chuckle "Three on a match is very bad luck!"
• American television series Mad Men referenced the superstition in Season 1, Episode 7 ("Red in the Face"). While Roger Sterling refers to the "original" World War I superstition, Don Draper makes light of it, stating that it was used in an attempt to sell more matches.{{cite episode |title=Red in the Face |series=Mad Men |network=AMC |airdate=2007-08-30 |season=1 |number=7}}
• Nas's song, "What Goes Around" from his album Stillmatic may reference the superstition in his extensive critique on the negativity prevalent in modern society, saying "You know, the usual, death comes in threes." It is far more likely that Nas is referring to the superstition that bad things (including deaths) come in threes.{{cite book |last1=Radford|first1=Mona|last2=Radford|first2=Edwin|date=1949 |title=Encyclopedia of Superstitions |edition=1st |location=Kensington |publisher=Kensington Publishing Corporation |isbn=0806536241 }}
• In Stephen King's 1986 novel It, during Eddie Kaspbrak's flashback scene in Chapter 7, the ten-eleven year old stuttering Bill Denbrough stopped his friend Richie Tozier from lighting a 3rd cigarette from the same match, saying, "The-The-Three on a muh-muh-hatch. B-Bad luh-luh-luck." King also referenced the superstition in his short story "The Ballad of the Flexible Bullet".

• Urban legend

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Category:Luck

Category:Superstitions about numbers

Category:Cigarettes