Tiangong-3

{{Short description|Cancelled Chinese space station module}}

{{About|the cancelled experimental space station|third station of the Tiangong program|Tiangong space station}}

{{Infobox space station

| station = Tiangong-3
天宫三号

| station_image = Tiangong 3 space laboratory model.jpg

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| crew = 3

| status = Cancelled

| mass = {{convert|22000|kg}}

| length = {{convert|18.1|m|ft|sp=us}}

| diameter = {{convert|4.2|m|ft|sp=us}}

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Tiangong-3 ({{zh|c={{linktext|天|宫|三|号}}|p=Tiāngōng sānhào|l=Heavenly Palace 3}}) was a proposed Chinese space station, part of the Tiangong program. The China National Space Agency (CNSA) was originally expected to launch Tiangong-3 around 2015, following the launch of the Tiangong-2 test laboratory, originally planned for 2013.{{cite news|last=David |first=Leonard|title=China Details Ambitious Space Station Goals|url=http://www.space.com/11048-china-space-station-plans-details.html|access-date=2011-03-09|newspaper=SPACE.com|date=2011-03-11|quote=China is ready to carry out a multiphase construction program that leads to the large space station around 2020. As a prelude to building that facility, China is set to loft the Tiangong-1 module this year as a platform to help master key rendezvous and docking technologies.}} The goals for the Tiangong-2 and Tiangong-3 laboratories were merged, and the latter was therefore not ordered.{{cite web |url=http://www.cmse.gov.cn/art/2016/4/28/art_18_27619.html|title=脚踏实地,仰望星空—访中国载人航天工程总设计师周建平|publisher=Chinese Government|access-date=2017-04-22}}{{cite web |url=http://www.china.com.cn/news/2017-11/22/content_41929256.htm|date=2017-11-22|title="天宫二号"总设计师:不再有天宫三号 五年后建成空间站|quote=“天宫二号”后,不再开发“天宫三号”,中国将直接进入空间站时代,空间站预计2022年建成 (After "Tiangong-2", no longer develop "Tiangong-3", China will directly enter the era of space station, the space station is expected to be completed in 2022)}} The first module of the third station of the Tiangong program, Tiangong space station, was eventually launched in 2021.

Development

In 2008, the China Manned Space Engineering Office (CMSEO) published a brief description of Tiangong-2 and Tiangong-3, indicating that several crewed spaceships would be launched in the late 2010s to dock with Tiangong-3.{{cite web|url=http://www.cmse.gov.cn/cha_xtzc/show.php?itemid=120|title=future plan of space laboratory system (in Chinese)|date=2008-09-29|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://archive.today/20080928025107/http://www.cmse.gov.cn/cha_xtzc/show.php?itemid=120|archive-date=September 28, 2008}} The first Tiangong module, Tiangong-1, was launched in September 2011 and docked with the uncrewed Shenzhou 8 spacecraft in November 2011, marking China's first orbital docking.[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-15562928 "Chinese spacecraft dock in orbit"]. BBC News, 2011-11-02.

Specifications

Tiangong-3 was expected to provide:

  • Unaided 40-day habitability for three astronauts.
  • Testing for regenerative life-support technology, and verification of methods of orbital replenishment of propellant and air.
  • A multi-docking berthing mechanism,{{cite news|title=China unveils rival to International Space Station|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/apr/26/china-space-station-tiangong|access-date=2011-04-27|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2011-04-26|quote=China often chooses poetic names for its space projects, such as Chang'e – after the moon goddess – for its lunar probes; its rocket series, however, is named Long March, in tribute to communist history. The space station project is currently referred to as Tiangong, or "heavenly palace".|location=London|first1=Tania|last1=Branigan|first2=Ian|last2=Sample}}{{Clarify|date=March 2011}} allowing up to two spacecraft to dock with it simultaneously.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}

See also

References